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In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the risk of developing RA during the course of pemphigus. A large-scale population-based longitudinal cohort study was conducted to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) of RA among 1985 patients with pemphigus relative to 9874 age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched control subjects. A multivariate Cox regression model was utilized. The incidence of RA was 1.07 (95% CI, 0.62\u20131.72) and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.24\u20130.52) per 1000 person-years among patients with pemphigus and controls, respectively. The lifetime prevalence of RA was 2.3% (95% CI, 1.7\u20133.1%) among cases and 1.8% (95% CI, 1.5\u20132.0%) among controls. Patients with pemphigus were more than twice as likely to develop RA as compared to control subjects (adjusted HR, 2.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31\u20134.92). The increased risk was robust to a sensitivity analysis that included only cases managed by pemphigus-related systemic medications (adjusted HR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.30\u20135.05). In conclusion, pemphigus is associated with an increased risk of RA. Physicians treating patients with pemphigus should be aware of this possible association. Further research is required to better understand the mechanism underlying this association.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-020-09160-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]],"date-time":"2020-11-07T04:39:57Z","timestamp":1604723997000},"page":"373-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Patients with pemphigus are at an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: a large-scale cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9971-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khalaf","family":"Kridin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginia A.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Payal M.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shira","family":"Zelber-Sagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph M.","family":"Hammers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Damiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle T.","family":"Amber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnon D.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"9160_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kridin K. 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Non-desmoglein antibodies in patients with pemphigus vulgaris. Front Immunol. 2018;4(9):1190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01190.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01190"},{"key":"9160_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-012615-044313","volume":"11","author":"CM Hammers","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hammers CM, Stanley JR. Mechanisms of disease: pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid. Annu Rev Pathol Mech Dis. 2016;11:175\u201397 Available from: http:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/doi\/10.1146\/annurev-pathol-012615-044313.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol Mech Dis"},{"key":"9160_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000193605.93416.df","volume":"17","author":"EC Somers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Somers EC, Thomas SL, Smeeth L, Hall AJ. Autoimmune diseases co-occurring within individuals and within families: a systematic review. 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