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We aimed to elucidate the effect of vitamin D supplementation and UVB exposure on short- and long-term performance of hepatitis B vaccine. Forty-five male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups that were immunized with recombinant HBsAg. The first group (group I) represented a negative control group, whereas group III rabbits were administered with commercially available 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D as an alternative for UVB exposure in group II. Results showed that vitamin D concentrations were significantly higher in UVB exposed group compared to both negative control and vitamin D-supplemented groups during short- and long-time intervals. In addition, means of anti-HBsAg isotypes\u2019 levels and anti-HBsAg IgG avidity% were significantly higher in negative control group compared to other groups during short- and long-time intervals. Moreover, vitamin D serum concentration was positively correlated with anti-HBsAg IgG level and avidity % in both negative control and vitamin D-supplemented groups, while it was negatively correlated with anti-HBsAg IgM level in negative control group. It can be concluded from the above results that UVB radiation may have both augmenting and suppressive effects and that circulating serum vitamin D concentration may have a positive association with premium immune modulation following HBV vaccination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-022-09287-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T01:02:21Z","timestamp":1652922141000},"page":"537-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association of hepatitis B vaccine response to vitamin D supplementation and ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure during different time intervals in experimental animals"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3202-4838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Youssry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thanaa","family":"Shalaby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Al-Shaimaa","family":"Maher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossam","family":"Ghoneim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"9287_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.33073\/pjm-2020-044","volume":"69","author":"M Guvenir","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guvenir M, Arikan A. 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