{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:21:13Z","timestamp":1793830873570,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605657600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurocrit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-020-01141-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T23:02:25Z","timestamp":1605740545000},"page":"382-389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Diaphragm Function Assessment During Spontaneous Breathing Trial in Patients with Neuromuscular Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9225-3165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathangi","family":"Krishnakumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhakrishnan","family":"Muthuchellappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhritiman","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1141_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200304-489CP","volume":"169","author":"T Vassilakopoulos","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vassilakopoulos T, Petrof BJ. Ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;169(3):336\u201341.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"48","key":"1141_CR2","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"O Penuelas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Penuelas O, Keough E, Rodriguez LL, Carriedo D, Goncalves G, Barreiro E, Lorente JA. Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction: translational mechanisms lead to therapeutical alternatives in the critically ill. Inten Care Med Exp. 2019;7(48):1\u201325.","journal-title":"Inten Care Med Exp"},{"issue":"13","key":"1141_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070447","volume":"358","author":"S Levine","year":"2008","unstructured":"Levine S, Nguyen T, Taylor N, Friscia ME, Budak MT, Rothenberg P, et al. Rapid disuse atrophy of diaphragm fibers in mechanically ventilated humans. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(13):1327\u201335.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1141_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.3.345","volume":"287","author":"A Esteban","year":"2002","unstructured":"Esteban A, Anzueto A, Frutos F, Alia I, Brochard L, Stewart TE, et al. Characteristics and outcomes in adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation: a 28-day international study. JAMA. 2002;287(3):345\u201355.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"1141_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00056909","volume":"35","author":"GC Funk","year":"2010","unstructured":"Funk GC, Anders S, Breyer MK, Burghuber OC, Edelmann G, Heindl W, et al. Incidence and outcome of weaning from mechanical ventilation according to new categories. Eur Respir J. 2010;35(1):88\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1141_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aucc.2016.03.004","volume":"30","author":"S Farghaly","year":"2017","unstructured":"Farghaly S, Hasan AA. Diaphragm ultrasound as a new method to predict extubation outcome in mechanically ventilated patients. Aust Crit Care. 2017;30(1):37\u201343.","journal-title":"Aust Crit Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"1141_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1186\/cc6959","volume":"12","author":"MF El-Khatib","year":"2008","unstructured":"El-Khatib MF, Bou-Khalil P. Clinical review: liberation from mechanical ventilation. Crit Care. 2008;12(4):221.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1141_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1479-y","volume":"20","author":"S Spadaro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spadaro S, Grasso S, Mauri T, Dalla Corte F, Alvisi V, Ragazzi R, et al. Can diaphragmatic ultrasonography performed during the T-tube trial predict weaning failure? The role of diaphragmatic rapid shallow breathing index. Crit Care. 2016;20(1):305.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1141_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-1992-2","volume":"22","author":"M Dres","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dres M, Demoule A. Diaphragm dysfunction during weaning from mechanical ventilation: an underestimated phenomenon with clinical implications. Crit Care. 2018;22(1):73.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"1141_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.166.4.518","volume":"166","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"2002","unstructured":"American Thoracic Society. ATS\/ERS Statement on Respiratory Muscle Testing: joint statement of the american thoracic society (ats), and the european respiratory society (ERS). Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166(4):518\u2013624.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1141_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2823-1","volume":"39","author":"D Matamis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matamis D, Soilemezi E, Tsagourias M, Akoumianaki E, Dimassi S, Boroli F, et al. Sonographic evaluation of the diaphragm in critically ill patients: technique and clinical applications. Intens Care Med. 2013;39(5):801\u201310.","journal-title":"Intens Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1141_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000682","volume":"26","author":"M Dres","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dres M, Demoule A. Monitoring diaphragm function in the ICU. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2020;26(1):18\u201325.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"issue":"22","key":"1141_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10968","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000010968","volume":"97","author":"C Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li C, Li X, Han H, Cui H, Wang G, Wang Z. Diaphragmatic ultrasonography for predicting ventilator weaning: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(22):e10968.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1141_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.08.028","volume":"152","author":"AM Llamas-\u00c1lvarez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Llamas-\u00c1lvarez AM, Tenza-Lozano EM, Latour-P\u00e9rez J. Diaphragm and lung ultrasound to predict weaning outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest. 2017;152(6):1140\u201350.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"1141_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.2.9803106","volume":"159","author":"A Esteban","year":"1999","unstructured":"Esteban A, Alia I, Tobin MJ, et al. Effects of spontaneous breathing trial duration on outcome of attempts to discontinue mechanical ventilation. Spanish Lung Failure Collaborative Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(2):512\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"1141_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-204111","volume":"69","author":"E DiNino","year":"2014","unstructured":"DiNino E, Gartman EJ, Sethi JM, McCool FD. Diaphragm ultrasound as a predictor of successful extubation from mechanical ventilation. Thorax. 2014;69(5):423\u20137.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"1141_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2019.02.016","volume":"51","author":"N Rittayamai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rittayamai N, Hemvimon S, Chierakul N. The evolution of diaphragm activity and function determined by ultrasound during spontaneous breathing trials. J Crit Care. 2019;51:133\u20138.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"1141_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2650-z","volume":"23","author":"M Dres","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dres M, Jung B, Molinari N, Manna F, Dube BP, Chanques G, et al. Respective contribution of intensive care unit-acquired limb muscle and severe diaphragm weakness on weaning outcome and mortality: a post hoc analysis of two cohorts. Crit Care. 2019;23:370.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"1141_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13305","volume":"23","author":"BH Jeong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jeong BH, Nam J, Ko MG, Chung CR, Suh GY, Jeon K. Impact of limb weakness on extubation failure after planned extubation in medical patients. Respirology. 2018;23(9):842\u201350.","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1141_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-016-0360-9","volume":"27","author":"O Trapp","year":"2017","unstructured":"Trapp O, Fiedler M, Hartwich M, Schorl M, Kalenka A. Monitoring of electrical activity of the diaphragm shows failure of T-piece trial earlier than protocol-based parameters in prolonged weaning in non-communicative neurological patients. Neurocrit Care. 2017;27(1):35\u201343.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"}],"container-title":["Neurocritical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12028-020-01141-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12028-020-01141-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12028-020-01141-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T06:43:58Z","timestamp":1744181038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12028-020-01141-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-020-01141-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1541-6933","1556-0961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1541-6933","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-0961","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 August 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 October 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 November 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Nil","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was initiated after obtaining ethical clearance from the institute ethics committee. The study was conducted in Neuro medical intensive care unit over a period of 5\u00a0months (January 2018\u2013May 2018)in a tertiary care hospital. Patients with neuromuscular disease of either sex with Guillain\u2013Barre\u00a0syndrome (GBS) or myasthenia gravis, with age more than 18\u00a0years and who required mechanical ventilation for more than 7\u00a0days were included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Oral consent was taken from the patient and a written informed consent from patient\u2019s relative. Patients with thoracostomy, pneumothorax, or pneumomediastinum, baseline diaphragm thickness less than 1.5\u00a0mm, poor ultrasound window for diaphragm assessment, contraindication for nasogastric tube insertion, uncooperative, non-understanding and those did not agree to participate in the study were excluded from the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}