{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:15:23Z","timestamp":1792095323178,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000997","name":"arnold and mabel beckman foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000997","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"roneet carmell endowment fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"foundation for the national institutes of health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41EB015890"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41EB015890"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"national science foundation graduate research fellowship program","award":["DGE-1321846"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DGE-1321846"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"national center for research resources","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["TL1TR001415-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TL1TR001415-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"national center for advancing translational sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 EB024793"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 EB024793"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"national institutes of health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurocrit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are self-propagating waves of neuronal and glial depolarizations often seen in neurological conditions in both humans and animal models. Because SD is thought to worsen neurological injury, the role of SD in a variety of cerebral insults has garnered significant investigation. Anoxic SD is a type of SD that occurs because of anoxia or asphyxia. Although asphyxia leading to a severe drop in blood pressure may affect cerebral hemodynamics and is widely known to cause anoxic SD, the effect of anoxic SD on peripheral blood pressure in the extremities has not been investigated. This relationship is especially important to understand for conditions such as circulatory shock and cardiac arrest that directly affect both peripheral and cerebral perfusion in addition to producing anoxic SD in the brain.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this study, we used a rat model of asphyxial cardiac arrest to investigate the role of anoxic SD on cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism, peripheral blood pressure, and the relationship between these variables in 8- to 12-week-old male rats. We incorporated a multimodal monitoring platform measuring cortical direct current simultaneously with optical imaging.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We found that during anoxic SD, there is decoupling of peripheral blood pressure from cerebral blood flow and metabolism. We also observed that anoxic SD may modify cerebrovascular resistance. Furthermore, shorter time difference between anoxic SDs measured at different locations in the same rat was associated with better neurological outcome on the basis of the recovery of electrocorticography activity (bursting) immediately post resuscitation and the neurological deficit scale score 24\u00a0h post resuscitation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first study to quantify the relationship between peripheral blood pressure, cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism, and neurological outcome in anoxic SD. These results indicate that the characteristics of SD may not be limited to cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism but rather may also encompass changes in peripheral blood flow, possibly through a brain\u2013heart connection, providing new insights into the role of anoxic SD in global ischemia and recovery.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-022-01530-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T21:02:21Z","timestamp":1655845341000},"page":"139-154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cortical Anoxic Spreading Depolarization During Cardiac Arrest is Associated with Remote Effects on Peripheral Blood Pressure and Postresuscitation Neurological Outcome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Sangwoo","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayra Isabel","family":"Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afsheen","family":"Bazrafkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masih","family":"Rafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirin M.","family":"Dara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ani","family":"Orujyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anais","family":"Panossian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Crouzet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Lopour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0729-5617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yama","family":"Akbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1530_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16654495","volume":"37","author":"JA Hartings","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hartings JA, Shuttleworth CW, Kirov SA, et al. The continuum of spreading depolarizations in acute cortical lesion development: examining Le\u00e3o\u2019s legacy. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2017;37(5):1571\u201394.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"1530_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00027.2014","volume":"95","author":"C Ayata","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ayata C, Lauritzen M. Spreading depression, spreading depolarizations, and the cerebral vasculature. Physiol Rev. 2015;95(3):953\u201393.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"1530_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp338","volume":"133","author":"JC Chang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chang JC, Shook LL, Biag J, et al. Biphasic direct current shift, haemoglobin desaturation and neurovascular uncoupling in cortical spreading depression. Brain. 2010;133(Pt 4):996\u20131012.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"9","key":"1530_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2009.73","volume":"29","author":"H Piilgaard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Piilgaard H, Lauritzen M. Persistent increase in oxygen consumption and impaired neurovascular coupling after spreading depression in rat neocortex. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2009;29(9):1517\u201327.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"1530_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21390","volume":"63","author":"C Dohmen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dohmen C, Sakowitz OW, Fabricius M, et al. Spreading depolarizations occur in human ischemic stroke with high incidence. Ann Neurol. 2008;63(6):720\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1530_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.0961","volume":"26","author":"JA Hartings","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hartings JA, Strong AJ, Fabricius M, et al. Spreading depolarizations and late secondary insults after traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2009;26(11):1857\u201366.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"1530_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3224","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl297","volume":"129","author":"JP Dreier","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dreier JP, Woitzik J, Fabricius M, et al. Delayed ischaemic neurological deficits after subarachnoid haemorrhage are associated with clusters of spreading depolarizations. Brain. 2006;129(Pt 12):3224\u201337.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"1530_CR8","first-page":"995","volume":"130","author":"AJ Strong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Strong AJ, Anderson PJ, Watts HR, et al. Peri-infarct depolarizations lead to loss of perfusion in ischaemic gyrencephalic cerebral cortex. Brain. 2007;130(Pt 4):995\u20131008.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1530_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson RH, Crouzet C, Lee DE, et al. Spreading depolarization and repolarization during cardiac arrest as an ultra-early marker of neurological recovery in a preclinical model. BioRxiv 2019.","DOI":"10.1101\/786210"},{"issue":"2","key":"1530_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-020-00856-z","volume":"17","author":"M Hosseini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hosseini M, Wilson RH, Crouzet C, Amirhekmat A, Wei KS, Akbari Y. Resuscitating the globally ischemic brain: TTM and beyond. Neurotherapeutics. 2020;17(2):539\u201362.","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"4","key":"1530_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000437","volume":"157","author":"S-P Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen S-P, Ay I, Lopes de Morais A, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cortical spreading depression. Pain. 2016;157(4):797\u2013805.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"1530_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00477-2","volume":"102","author":"Y Momose-Sato","year":"2001","unstructured":"Momose-Sato Y, Sato K, Mochida H, Yazawa I, Sasaki S, Kamino K. Spreading depolarization waves triggered by vagal stimulation in the embryonic chick brain: optical evidence for intercellular communication in the developing central nervous system. Neuroscience. 2001;102(2):245\u201362.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"1530_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001856","volume":"161","author":"A Morais","year":"2020","unstructured":"Morais A, Liu T-T, Qin T, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cortical spreading depression exclusively through central mechanisms. Pain. 2020;161(7):1661\u20139.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"7","key":"1530_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236444","volume":"15","author":"J Lindemann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lindemann J, Rakers C, Matuskova H, Simon BJ, Kinfe T, Petzold GC. Vagus nerve stimulation reduces spreading depolarization burden and cortical infarct volume in a rat model of stroke. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(7): e0236444.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"1530_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4660","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.7.004660","volume":"7","author":"C Crouzet","year":"2016","unstructured":"Crouzet C, Wilson RH, Bazrafkan A, et al. Cerebral blood flow is decoupled from blood pressure and linked to EEG bursting after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Biomed Opt Express. 2016;7(11):4660\u201373.","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"issue":"5","key":"1530_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.008077","volume":"46","author":"L \u00d8stergaard","year":"2015","unstructured":"\u00d8stergaard L, Dreier JP, Hadjikhani N, Jespersen SN, Dirnagl U, Dalkara T. Neurovascular coupling during cortical spreading depolarization and -depression. Stroke. 2015;46(5):1392\u2013401.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"6","key":"1530_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1944.7.6.391","volume":"7","author":"AAP Leo","year":"1944","unstructured":"Leo AAP. Pial circulation and spreading depression of activity in the cerebral cortex. J Neurophysiol. 1944;7(6):391\u20136.","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1530_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.02.055","volume":"51","author":"E Farkas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Farkas E, Bari F, Obrenovitch TP. Multi-modal imaging of anoxic depolarization and hemodynamic changes induced by cardiac arrest in the rat cerebral cortex. Neuroimage. 2010;51(2):734\u201342.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"2","key":"1530_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H328","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00222.2017","volume":"313","author":"\u00c1 Menyh\u00e1rt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Menyh\u00e1rt \u00c1, Z\u00f6lei-Sz\u00e9n\u00e1si D, Pusk\u00e1s T, Makra P, Bari F, Farkas E. Age or ischemia uncouples the blood flow response, tissue acidosis, and direct current potential signature of spreading depolarization in the rat brain. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2017;313(2):H328\u201337.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1530_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1902","volume":"10","author":"T Takano","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takano T, Tian G-F, Peng W, et al. Cortical spreading depression causes and coincides with tissue hypoxia. Nat Neurosci. 2007;10(6):754\u201362.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"1530_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2008.35","volume":"28","author":"I Sukhotinsky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sukhotinsky I, Dilekoz E, Moskowitz MA, Ayata C. Hypoxia and hypotension transform the blood flow response to cortical spreading depression from hyperemia into hypoperfusion in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2008;28(7):1369\u201376.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"1530_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2010.03.004","volume":"224","author":"F Richter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Richter F, Bauer R, Lehmenk\u00fchler A, Schaible H-G. The relationship between sudden severe hypoxia and ischemia-associated spreading depolarization in adult rat brainstem in vivo. Exp Neurol. 2010;224(1):146\u201354.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1530_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.4476","volume":"77","author":"JA Hartings","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hartings JA, Andaluz N, Bullock MR, et al. Prognostic value of spreading depolarizations in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. JAMA Neurol. 2020;77(4):489\u201399.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1530_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2016.0471","volume":"7","author":"DE Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee DE, Lee LG, Siu D, et al. Neural correlates of consciousness at near-electrocerebral silence in an asphyxial cardiac arrest model. Brain Connect. 2017;7(3):172\u201381.","journal-title":"Brain Connect"},{"issue":"2","key":"1530_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25147","volume":"83","author":"JP Dreier","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dreier JP, Major S, Foreman B, et al. Terminal spreading depolarization and electrical silence in death of human cerebral cortex. Ann Neurol. 2018;83(2):295\u2013310.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1530_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.609670","volume":"14","author":"M Azadian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Azadian M, Tian G, Bazrafkan A, et al. Overnight caloric restriction prior to cardiac arrest and resuscitation leads to improved survival and neurological outcome in a rodent model. Front Neurosci. 2020;14: 609670.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1530_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.8.2.025001","volume":"8","author":"RH Wilson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wilson RH, Crouzet C, Torabzadeh M, et al. High-speed quantitative optical imaging of absolute metabolism in the rat cortex. Neurophotonics. 2021;8(2): 025001.","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"issue":"4","key":"1530_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.4.4.045008","volume":"4","author":"RH Wilson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wilson RH, Crouzet C, Torabzadeh M, et al. High-speed spatial frequency domain imaging of rat cortex detects dynamic optical and physiological properties following cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Neurophotonics. 2017;4(4): 045008.","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"issue":"4","key":"1530_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1997.tb04733.x","volume":"41","author":"A Yli-Hankala","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yli-Hankala A, Edmonds HL, Jiang YD, Higham HE, Zhang PY. Outcome effects of different protective hypothermia levels during cardiac arrest in rats. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1997;41(4):511\u20135.","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"19","key":"1530_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4852","volume":"34","author":"Y-J Kang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kang Y-J, Tian G, Bazrafkan A, et al. Recovery from coma post-cardiac arrest is dependent on the orexin pathway. J Neurotrauma. 2017;34(19):2823\u201332.","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"1530_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.11.102","volume":"1255","author":"MA Koenig","year":"2009","unstructured":"Koenig MA, Jia X, Kang X, Velasquez A, Thakor NV, Geocadin RG. Intraventricular orexin-A improves arousal and early EEG entropy in rats after cardiac arrest. Brain Res. 2009;1255:153\u201361.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1530_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/13\/1\/016008","volume":"13","author":"C Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li C, Narayan RK, Wu P-M, et al. Evaluation of microelectrode materials for direct-current electrocorticography. J Neural Eng. 2016;13(1): 016008.","journal-title":"J Neural Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"1530_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-018-0640-7","volume":"30","author":"B Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim B, Park I, Lee JH, Kim S, Lee MJ, Jo YH. Effect of electrical vagus nerve stimulation on cerebral blood flow and neurological outcome in asphyxial cardiac arrest model of rats. Neurocrit Care. 2019;30(3):572\u201380.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"1530_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2014.11.018","volume":"41","author":"C Crouzet","year":"2015","unstructured":"Crouzet C, Nguyen JQ, Ponticorvo A, Bernal NP, Durkin AJ, Choi B. Acute discrimination between superficial-partial and deep-partial thickness burns in a preclinical model with laser speckle imaging. Burns. 2015;41(5):1058\u201363.","journal-title":"Burns"},{"issue":"3","key":"1530_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200103000-00002","volume":"21","author":"AK Dunn","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dunn AK, Bolay H, Moskowitz MA, Boas DA. Dynamic imaging of cerebral blood flow using laser speckle. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2001;21(3):195\u2013201.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"1530_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18773702","volume":"39","author":"Q Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang Q, Miao P, Modi HR, Garikapati S, Koehler RC, Thakor NV. Therapeutic hypothermia promotes cerebral blood flow recovery and brain homeostasis after resuscitation from cardiac arrest in a rat model. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2019;39(10):1961\u201373.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"1530_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3088140","volume":"14","author":"DJ Cuccia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cuccia DJ, Bevilacqua F, Durkin AJ, Ayers FR, Tromberg BJ. Quantitation and mapping of tissue optical properties using modulated imaging. J Biomed Opt. 2009;14(2): 024012.","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"issue":"6","key":"1530_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.2.001553","volume":"2","author":"A Mazhar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mazhar A, Cuccia DJ, Rice TB, et al. Laser speckle imaging in the spatial frequency domain. Biomed Opt Express. 2011;2(6):1553\u201363.","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"1530_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.09.027","volume":"134","author":"JP Dreier","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dreier JP, Lemale CL, Kola V, Friedman A, Schoknecht K. Spreading depolarization is not an epiphenomenon but the principal mechanism of the cytotoxic edema in various gray matter structures of the brain during stroke. Neuropharmacology. 2018;134(Pt B):189\u2013207.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1530_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.04.024","volume":"27","author":"AK Dunn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dunn AK, Devor A, Dale AM, Boas DA. Spatial extent of oxygen metabolism and hemodynamic changes during functional activation of the rat somatosensory cortex. Neuroimage. 2005;27(2):279\u201390.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1530_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson RH, Crouzet C, Torabzadeh M, et al. Cerebral perfusion and metabolism coupling during a critical time window provides rapid assessment of cardiac arrest severity and prognosis in a preclinical model. BioRxiv. 2019.","DOI":"10.1101\/785972"},{"issue":"1","key":"1530_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.28.000028","volume":"28","author":"AK Dunn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dunn AK, Devor A, Bolay H, et al. Simultaneous imaging of total cerebral hemoglobin concentration, oxygenation, and blood flow during functional activation. Opt Lett. 2003;28(1):28\u201330.","journal-title":"Opt Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"1530_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.012691","volume":"9","author":"C Crouzet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Crouzet C, Wilson RH, Lee D, et al. Dissociation of cerebral blood flow and femoral artery blood pressure pulsatility after cardiac arrest and resuscitation in a rodent model: implications for neurological recovery. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(1): e012691.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1530_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-014-0080-3","volume":"7","author":"LR Clark","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clark LR, Nation DA, Wierenga CE, et al. Elevated cerebrovascular resistance index is associated with cognitive dysfunction in the very-old. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2015;7(1):3.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"1530_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx112","volume":"140","author":"B Yew","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yew B, Nation DA. Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative. Cerebrovascular resistance: effects on cognitive decline, cortical atrophy, and progression to dementia. Brain. 2017;140(7):1987\u20132001.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"1530_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2009.56","volume":"24","author":"AD Robertson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Robertson AD, Tessmer CF, Hughson RL. Association between arterial stiffness and cerebrovascular resistance in the elderly. J Hum Hypertens. 2010;24(3):190\u20136.","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"1","key":"1530_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.04.062","volume":"1016","author":"S Khan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Khan S, Milot M, Lecompte-Collin J, Plamondon H. Time-dependent changes in CRH concentrations and release in discrete brain regions following global ischemia: effects of MK-801 pretreatment. Brain Res. 2004;1016(1):48\u201357.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"1530_CR48","unstructured":"Global brain ischemia in Mongolian gerbils: assessing the level of anastomosis in the cerebral circle of Willis-PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2021 May 6]; Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23377268\/."},{"issue":"10","key":"1530_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2814","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2294-9","volume":"42","author":"S Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu S, Dai Q, Hua R, et al. Determination of brain-regional blood perfusion and endogenous cPKC\u03b3 impact on ischemic vulnerability of mice with global ischemia. Neurochem Res. 2017;42(10):2814\u201325.","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"1530_CR50","unstructured":"Human Cardiovascular Control-Loring B. Rowell, Professor of Physiology and Biophysics Loring B Rowell - Google Books [Internet]. [cited 2021 May 6];Available from: https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&lr=&id=EWSLdmqFx-8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=Rowell+LB.+Human+Cardiovascular+Control.+New+York,+NY:+Oxford+University+Press%3B+1993:268.&ots=gcXRz42CrJ&sig=6NZycxBqRsWPCNGMNxx8pQ4FpMw#v=onepage&q&f=false."},{"issue":"6","key":"1530_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.6.611","volume":"101","author":"SE Brett","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brett SE, Ritter JM, Chowienczyk PJ. Diastolic blood pressure changes during exercise positively correlate with serum cholesterol and insulin resistance. Circulation. 2000;101(6):611\u20135.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1530_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/9780203303887","volume-title":"An introduction to cardiac electrophysiology","author":"A Zaza","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zaza A, Rosen M. An introduction to cardiac electrophysiology. CRC Press; 2000."},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"1530_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh545","volume":"128","author":"O Windm\u00fcller","year":"2005","unstructured":"Windm\u00fcller O, Lindauer U, Foddis M, et al. Ion changes in spreading ischaemia induce rat middle cerebral artery constriction in the absence of NO. Brain. 2005;128(Pt 9):2042\u201351.","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["Neurocritical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01530-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01530-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01530-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T12:45:26Z","timestamp":1666356326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01530-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1530"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01530-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1541-6933","1556-0961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1541-6933","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-0961","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"None.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The authors confirm adherence to ethical guidelines and have indicated ethical approvals (animal study was reviewed and approved by the University of California, Irvine Animal Care Committee) and use as appropriate.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}