{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:47:19Z","timestamp":1761130039429},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669766400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurocrit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-022-01643-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:25:47Z","timestamp":1669854347000},"page":"225-228","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Use of \u03b1-Defensins to Help Diagnose Nosocomial Ventriculitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"James B.","family":"Doub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"1643_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2021.1866544","volume":"19","author":"R Hasbun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hasbun R. Healthcare-associated ventriculitis: current and emerging diagnostic and treatment strategies. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2021;19(8):993\u20139.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"1643_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw861","volume":"64","author":"AR Tunkel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tunkel AR, Hasbun R, Bhimraj A, et al. 2017 Infectious diseases society of America\u2019s clinical practice guidelines for healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;64(6):e34\u201365.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1643_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2019.367","volume":"41","author":"P Bischoff","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bischoff P, Schr\u00f6der C, Gastmeier P, Geffers C. Surveillance of external ventricular drainage-associated meningitis and ventriculitis in German intensive care units. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020;41(4):452\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2019.367.","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"1643_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-014-0712-z","volume":"15","author":"M Ramanan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ramanan M, Lipman J, Shorr A, Shankar A. A meta-analysis of ventriculostomy-associated cerebrospinal fluid infections. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:3.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1643_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1086\/588298","volume":"47","author":"A Conen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Conen A, Walti LN, Merlo A, Fluckiger U, Battegay M, Trampuz A. Characteristics and treatment outcome of cerebrospinal fluid shunt-associated infections in adults: a retrospective analysis over an 11-year period. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47(1):73\u201382.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1643_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1086\/318471","volume":"32","author":"P Forgacs","year":"2001","unstructured":"Forgacs P, Geyer CA, Freidberg SR. Characterization of chemical meningitis after neurological surgery. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32(2):179\u201385.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1643_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2007.106.5.941","volume":"106","author":"RP Schade","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schade RP, Schinkel J, Roelandse FW, et al. Lack of value of routine analysis of cerebrospinal fluid for prediction and diagnosis of external drainage-related bacterial meningitis. J Neurosurg. 2007;106(5):941.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"1643_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-440X(95)80038-7","volume":"5","author":"ME Selsted","year":"1995","unstructured":"Selsted ME, White SH, Wimley WC. Structure, function, and membrane integration of defensins. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 1995;5(4):521\u20137.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Struct Biol"},{"key":"1643_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1180","volume":"3","author":"T Ganz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ganz T. Defensins: antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003;3:710\u201320.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"1643_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L947","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.280.5.L947","volume":"280","author":"H Zhang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zhang H, Porro G, Orzech N, Mullen B, Liu M, Slutsky AS. Neutrophil defensins mediate acute inflammatory response and lung function in a dose-dependent fashion. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2001;280:L947\u201354.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"1643_CR11","first-page":"202","volume":"122","author":"AV Panyutich","year":"1993","unstructured":"Panyutich AV, Panyutich EA, Krapivin VA, Baturevich EA, Ganz T. Plasma defensin concentrations are elevated in patients with sepsis or bacterial meningitis. J Lab Clin Med. 1993;122:202\u20137.","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"issue":"7S","key":"1643_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.12.024","volume":"34","author":"KM Natsuhara","year":"2019","unstructured":"Natsuhara KM, Shelton TJ, Meehan JP, Lum ZC. Mortality during total hip periprosthetic joint infection. J Arthroplasty. 2019;34(7S):S337\u201342.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"17","key":"1643_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.01316","volume":"96","author":"CA Deirmengian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Deirmengian CA, et al. Combined measurement of synovial fluid a-defensin and C-reactive protein levels: highly accurate for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection. JBJS Am. 2014;96(17):1439\u201345.","journal-title":"JBJS Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"1643_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.01142","volume":"98","author":"MC Wyatt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wyatt MC, Beswick AD, Kunutsor SK, Wilson MJ, Whitehouse MR, Blom AW. The alpha-defensin immunoassay and leukocyte esterase colorimetric strip test for the diagnosis of periprosthetic infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2016;98(12):992\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.15.01142.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"1643_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.02.078","volume":"33","author":"J Parvizi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Parvizi J, Tan TL, Goswami K, et al. The 2018 definition of periprosthetic hip and knee infection: an evidence-based and validated criteria. J Arthroplasty. 2018;33(5):1309-1314.e2.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"1643_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1086\/516075","volume":"25","author":"T Ihi","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ihi T, Nakazato M, Mukae H, Matsukura S. Elevated concentrations of human neutrophil peptides in plasma, blood, and body fluids in patients with infections. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;25:1134\u201340.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"1643_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.5.987","volume":"103","author":"FA Maffei","year":"1999","unstructured":"Maffei FA, Heine RP, Whalen MJ, Mortimer LF, Carcillo JA. Levels of antimicrobial molecules defensin and lactoferrin are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with meningitis. Pediatrics. 1999;103(5 Pt 1):987\u201392.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"1643_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93637","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093637","volume":"9","author":"C Fraisier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fraisier C, Papa A, Granjeaud S, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker candidates associated with human WNV neuroinvasive disease. Plos One. 2014;9(4):93637.","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"issue":"5","key":"1643_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.12.005","volume":"36","author":"A Premkumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Premkumar A, Kolin DA, Farley KX, et al. Projected economic burden of periprosthetic joint infection of the hip and knee in the United States. J Arthroplasty. 2021;36(5):1484-1489.e3.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"1643_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.4.180029","volume":"4","author":"T Bonanzinga","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bonanzinga T, Ferrari MC, Tanzi G, Vandenbulcke F, Zahar A, Marcacci M. The role of alpha defensin in prosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnosis: a literature review. EFORT Open Rev. 2019;4(1):10\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2058-5241.4.180029.","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"key":"1643_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(91)90141-2","volume":"141","author":"AV Payutich","year":"1991","unstructured":"Payutich AV, Voitenok NN, Lehrer RI, Ganz T. An enzyme immunoassay for human defensins. J Immunol Methods. 1991;141:149\u201355.","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"1643_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2021.155435","volume":"140","author":"T Barker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barker T, Henriksen VT, Rogers VE, Trawick RH, Momberger NG, Lynn RG. Multi-vitamin supplementation blunts the circulating IL-6\/IL-10 ratio increase after knee arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Cytokine. 2021;140:155435.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"8","key":"1643_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4133","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22084133","volume":"22","author":"M Simon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Simon M, Grote A. Interleukin 6 and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage a narrative review. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(8):4133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22084133.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1643_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17503","volume":"194","author":"S Abdeen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdeen S, Bdeir K, Abu-Fanne R, et al. Alpha-defensins: risk factor for thrombosis in COVID-19 infection. Br J Haematol. 2021;194(1):44\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.17503.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"}],"container-title":["Neurocritical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01643-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01643-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01643-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T16:16:32Z","timestamp":1681229792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01643-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-022-01643-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1541-6933","1556-0961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1541-6933","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-0961","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}