{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T17:59:09Z","timestamp":1793642349663,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurocrit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-024-02192-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T18:21:58Z","timestamp":1736274118000},"page":"1018-1024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Contemporary Perspectives in Critical Care of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Olga","family":"Lopez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro A.","family":"Rabinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9807-9172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eelco F. M.","family":"Wijdicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2192_CR1","first-page":"737","volume":"112","author":"Le Steck H","year":"1954","unstructured":"Steck H. Le syndrome extrapyramidal et diencephalique au Largactil et au Serpasil. Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 1954;112:737\u201343.","journal-title":"Ann Med Psychol (Paris)"},{"key":"2192_CR2","first-page":"145","volume":"118","author":"J Delay","year":"1960","unstructured":"Delay J, Pichot P, Lemperiere T, Elissalde B, Peigne F. Un neuroleptique majeur non ph\u00e9nothiazinique et non r\u00e9serpinigue, l\u2019haloperidol, dans le traitement des psychoses. Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 1960;118:145\u201352.","journal-title":"Ann Med Psychol (Paris)"},{"key":"2192_CR3","unstructured":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fifth edition, Text Revision: DSM-5-TR. American Psychiatric Association Publishing, 2022"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"2192_CR4","first-page":"S54","volume":"37","author":"S Stubner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stubner S, Rustenbeck E, Grohmann R, Wagner G, Engel R, Neundorfer G, Moller HJ, Hippius H, Ruther E. Severe and uncommon involuntary movement disorders due to psychotropic drugs. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2004;37(suppl 1):S54\u201364.","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2192_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199819010-00006","volume":"19","author":"VR Velamoor","year":"1998","unstructured":"Velamoor VR. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome Recognition, prevention and management. Drug Saf. 1998;19(1):73\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00002018-199819010-00006.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"4","key":"2192_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.10m06791","volume":"73","author":"M Nakamura","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nakamura M, Yasunaga H, Miyata H, Shimada T, Horiguchi H, Matsuda S. Mortality of neuroleptic malignant syndrome induced by typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs: a propensity-matched analysis from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73(4):427\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4088\/JCP.10m06791.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2192_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810100056011","volume":"46","author":"PE Keck Jr","year":"1989","unstructured":"Keck PE Jr, Pope HG Jr, Cohen BM, McElroy SL, Nierenberg AA. Risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989;46:914\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2192_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.31.2.132","volume":"31","author":"VW Henderson","year":"1981","unstructured":"Henderson VW, Wooten GF. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a pathogenetic role for dopamine receptor blockade? Neurology. 1981;31(2):132\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.31.2.132.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"2192_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S157","DOI":"10.1086\/317521","volume":"31","author":"JA Boulant","year":"2000","unstructured":"Boulant JA. Role of the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus in thermoregulation and fever. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31(Suppl 5):S157\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/317521.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2192_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199403000-00007","volume":"182","author":"VR Velamoor","year":"1994","unstructured":"Velamoor VR, Norman RM, Caroff SN, Mann SC, Sullivan KA, Antelo RE. Progression of symptoms in neuroleptic malignant syndrome. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1994;182(3):168\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005053-199403000-00007.","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2192_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/s0025-7125(16)30278-4","volume":"77","author":"SN Caroff","year":"1993","unstructured":"Caroff SN, Mann SC. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Med Clin North Am. 1993;77(1):185\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0025-7125(16)30278-4.","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"2192_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.146.6.717","volume":"146","author":"P Rosebush","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rosebush P, Stewart T. A prospective analysis of 24 episodes of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Am J Psychiatry. 1989;146(6):717\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/ajp.146.6.717.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"16","key":"2192_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0616-1","volume":"12","author":"U Werneke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Werneke U, Jamshidi F, Taylor DM, Ott M. Conundrums in neurology: diagnosing serotonin syndrome\u2014a meta-analysis of cases. BMC Neurol. 2016;12(16):97. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-016-0616-1.","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2192_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/85.1.129","volume":"85","author":"P Adnet","year":"2000","unstructured":"Adnet P, Lestavel P, Krivosic-Horber R. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Br J Anaesth. 2000;85(1):129\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/85.1.129.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"2192_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199819010-00006","volume":"19","author":"VR Velamoor","year":"1998","unstructured":"Velamoor VR. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Recognition, prevention and management. Drug Saf. 1998;19(1):73\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00002018-199819010-00006.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"4","key":"2192_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001048","volume":"39","author":"J Lally","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lally J, McCaffrey C, O\u2019Murchu C, Krivoy A, Guerandel A, MacCabe JH, Gaughran F. Clozapine rechallenge following neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a systematic review. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2019;39(4):372\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001048.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2192_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028016657553","volume":"50","author":"DJ Pileggi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pileggi DJ, Cook AM. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Ann Pharmacother. 2016;50(11):973\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1060028016657553.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"1","key":"2192_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-015-0162-5","volume":"24","author":"S Modi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Modi S, Dharaiya D, Schultz L, Varelas P. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: complications, outcomes, and mortality. Neurocrit Care. 2016;24(1):97\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-015-0162-5.","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"2192_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31825ae0f8","volume":"40","author":"OJ Bienvenu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bienvenu OJ, Neufeld KJ, Needham DM. Treatment of four psychiatric emergencies in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2012;40:2662\u201370.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2192_CR20","first-page":"89S","volume":"55","author":"A Yacoub","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yacoub A, Kohen I, Caraballo A, Francis A. Rating scale for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Biol Psychiatry. 2004;55:89S.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2192_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.05.003","volume":"135","author":"PS Sachdev","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sachdev PS. A rating scale for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Psychiatry Res. 2005;135:249\u201356.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2192_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199211000-00028","volume":"31","author":"MM Woodbury","year":"1992","unstructured":"Woodbury MM, Woodbury MA. Neuroleptic-induced catatonia as a stage in the progression toward neuroleptic malignant syndrome. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31(6):1161\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004583-199211000-00028.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"2192_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2404606","volume":"391","author":"EFM Wijdicks","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wijdicks EFM, Ropper AH. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2024;391(12):1130\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra2404606.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2192_CR24","first-page":"111","volume":"7","author":"JM Davis","year":"1991","unstructured":"Davis JM, Janicak PG, Sakkas P, Gilmore C, Wang Z. Electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Convuls Ther. 1991;7(2):111\u201320.","journal-title":"Convuls Ther"}],"container-title":["Neurocritical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12028-024-02192-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12028-024-02192-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12028-024-02192-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T15:27:46Z","timestamp":1749050866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12028-024-02192-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2192"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12028-024-02192-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1541-6933","1556-0961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1541-6933","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-0961","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Nothing to report.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by The Mayo Institutional Review Board. This study complies with the ethical principles for research involving human subjects adopted in the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval\/Informed Consent"}}]}}