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We aimed to identify ABI-specific early PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      thresholds associated with lowest intensive care unit (ICU) mortality in mechanically ventilated ICU patients and compare these with guideline recommendations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective multicenter cohort study utilized the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Dataset (ANZICS-APD;\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 11,264). Bayesian logistic regression was performed with day 1 PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      as the independent variable and ICU mortality as the dependent variable. Priors were derived from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV;\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1789) and Extubation in Neurocritical care Observational Study (ENIO;\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 544) datasets. Day 1 PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      thresholds were identified by calculating the range of values within 4% of the minimum mortality. The risk of ICU mortality across these PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      groups was compared with the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) recommendations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 11,264 patients in the ANZICS-APD suitable for analysis, 4846 had ICH, 4319 had aneurysmal SAH, and 2099 had AIS. Across all ABI types, day 1 PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      &gt; 299 mm Hg was rare (&lt; 10%), with remaining patients distributed equally across the &lt; 80, 80\u2013120, and 120\u2013299\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg categories. The association between day 1 PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and ICU mortality differed by ABI subtype: SAH showed a more pronounced U-shaped relationship than ICH and AIS. PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      thresholds that minimized ICU mortality (ICH: 80\u2013230\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg; SAH: 100\u2013190\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg; AIS: 100\u2013160\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg) were broader than current ESICM (PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      between 80 and 120\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg) guideline recommendations yet conferred equivalent risk of ICU mortality. Extreme hyperoxia (&gt; 299\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg) was associated with increased risk of ICU mortality across all ABI subtypes [P(OR &gt; 1) = 84\u201399%].\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In mechanically ventilated patients with nontraumatic ABI, we defined generalizable early PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      thresholds that were broader than current recommendations while conferring equivalent ICU mortality risk. PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      exposure beyond these ranges may be harmful.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-026-02659-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:59:30Z","timestamp":1790621970000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early Arterial Oxygen Tension Thresholds for Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Non-traumatic Acute Brain Injury: A Bayesian Analysis of Three Large Neurocritical Care Datasets"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3682-3722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lavienraj","family":"Premraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Camarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nekane","family":"Romero-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Seymour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwin","family":"Subramaniam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Badenes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Battaglini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahzad","family":"Shaefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Pilcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Min","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole M.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aidan","family":"Burrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Cinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Robba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew Alexander","family":"Udy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2659_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04532-4","volume":"27","author":"S Frisvold","year":"2023","unstructured":"Frisvold S, Coppola S, Ehrmann S, Chiumello D, Gu\u00e9rin C. 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