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Enteric nutritional supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids (Racol<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) was administered to aforementioned patients with cancers during chemotherapy. The skeletal muscle mass and blood test data were obtained pre-administration and 28 and 56\u00a0days after. Patients with pancreatic cancer were administered the digestive enzyme supplement pancrelipase (LipaCreon<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) 28\u00a0days after the start of Racol<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> administration. The number of chemotherapies skipped due to neutropenia was recorded for 2\u00a0months before and after enteral nutrient initiation. In all 39 patients, the skeletal muscle mass increased on day 56 versus baseline (median 17.3\u00a0kg vs. 14.8\u00a0kg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), number of chemotherapies skipped decreased (mean: 0.65 times\/month vs. 1.3 times\/month, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03), and retinol-binding protein (mean: 2.56\u00a0mg\/dL vs. 2.42\u00a0mg\/dL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05) increased. Patients with pancreatic cancer showed increased blood eicosapentaenoic acid concentration on day 56 versus baseline (median: 48.1\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL vs. 37.0\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) and increased skeletal muscle mass (median 16.8\u00a0kg vs. 14.4\u00a0kg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006). Baseline median neutrophil count increased significantly from 2200\/\u03bcL at baseline to 2500\/\u03bcL (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). Patients with biliary tract cancer during chemotherapy also exhibited increased skeletal muscle mass following omega-3 supplementation (median 17.3\u00a0kg vs. 15.8\u00a0kg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01). In patients undergoing chemotherapy for unresectable or post-recurrence pancreatic and biliary tract cancers, high-omega-3 fatty acid nutrition therapy use improved skeletal muscle maintenance and chemotherapy dosing intensity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-021-01625-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T00:02:32Z","timestamp":1651104152000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effects of an enteral nutrient-rich therapy with omega-3 fatty acids in patients with unresectable or recurrent biliary tract cancer or pancreatic cancer during chemotherapy: a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8157-334X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyohei","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Uwagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryoga","family":"Hamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jungo","family":"Yasuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenei","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Shiozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Onda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Gocho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Ikegami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1625_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7","volume":"12","author":"K Fearon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, et al. 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