{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:23:05Z","timestamp":1792783385783,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Application Foundation Project of Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau","award":["No.CJ202510011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.CJ202510011"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wgk5w17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the General Project of Nanjing Medical University","award":["NMUB20230058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMUB20230058"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059gcgy73","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Oncol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-026-03394-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T04:29:42Z","timestamp":1789014582000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["OLR1 drives gastric cancer progression through NF-\u03baB activation and immunosuppressive macrophage polarization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Zhimin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuke","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojia","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7772-1053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3394_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.045","volume":"18","author":"AP Thrift","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thrift AP, El-Serag HB. Burden of gastric cancer. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(3):534\u201342.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"10251","key":"3394_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31288-5","volume":"396","author":"EC Smyth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Smyth EC, et al. Gastric cancer. Lancet. 2020;396(10251):635\u201348.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"3394_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-020-09925-3","volume":"39","author":"RE Sexton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sexton RE, Al Hallak M, Diab A, Azmi M. Gastric cancer: a comprehensive review of current and future treatment strategies. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2020;39(4):1179\u2013203.","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"3394_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choo J et al. Advances in the management of metastatic gastric cancer: current strategies and emerging therapeutics. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 2026;23(6):441-458.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-026-01134-1"},{"key":"3394_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787060","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1787060","volume":"17","author":"F Jiao","year":"2026","unstructured":"Jiao F, et al. The tumor microenvironment shapes gastric cancer progression by coordinating immune suppression and metabolic reprogramming. Front Immunol. 2026;17:1787060.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3394_CR6","first-page":"212","volume":"22","author":"Y Sun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun Y, et al. Advances and challenges in gastric cancer testing: the role of biomarkers. Cancer Biol Med. 2025;22(3):212\u201330.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"3394_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14482","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202514482","volume":"13","author":"J Wang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Wang J, et al. Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Uncovers Immunological Phenotypes Predictive of Combinatorial Immunotherapy Response in Gastric Cancer. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2026;13(6):e14482.","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"issue":"2","key":"3394_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70027","DOI":"10.1002\/qub2.70027","volume":"14","author":"J Liu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Liu J, et al. Metabolic-immune interactions in gastric cancer T cells: A single-cell atlas for prognostic biomarker identification. Quant Biol. 2026;14(2):e70027.","journal-title":"Quant Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3394_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-024-00660-4","volume":"8","author":"C Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei C, et al. Tumor-associated macrophage clusters linked to immunotherapy in a pan-cancer census. NPJ Precis Oncol. 2024;8(1):176.","journal-title":"NPJ Precis Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"3394_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-023-01061-6","volume":"20","author":"M Bied","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bied M, et al. Roles of macrophages in tumor development: a spatiotemporal perspective. Cell Mol Immunol. 2023;20(9):983\u201392.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3394_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-2131-y","volume":"10","author":"W Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li W, et al. Gastric cancer-derived mesenchymal stromal cells trigger M2 macrophage polarization that promotes metastasis and EMT in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(12):918.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"3394_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng M et al. Macrophages: Subtypes, Distribution, Polarization, Immunomodulatory Functions, and Therapeutics. MedComm (2020), 2025. 6(8): p. e70304.","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70304"},{"issue":"1","key":"3394_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01559-0","volume":"17","author":"B Toledo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Toledo B, et al. Deciphering the performance of macrophages in tumour microenvironment: a call for precision immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2024;17(1):44.","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"3394_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2024.102714","volume":"93","author":"J Bai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bai J, et al. KPNA2\/KPNB1 promotes the malignant progression of gastric cancer induced by M2 macrophage polarization. Tissue Cell. 2025;93:102714.","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"key":"3394_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suleimanov SK et al. Radical-Generating Activity, Phagocytosis, and Mechanical Properties of Four Phenotypes of Human Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci, 2024. 25(3).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031860"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"3394_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115830","volume":"168","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhang Z, et al. Tumor-derived C4BPA promotes macrophage M2-like polarization through C5a -C5aR1-STAT3 axis and drives gastric cancer progression. Int Immunopharmacol. 2026;168(Pt 1):115830.","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3394_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-025-03326-5","volume":"134","author":"DB Shi","year":"2026","unstructured":"Shi DB, et al. INHBA, regulated by C\/EBP\u03b2, induces M2 macrophage polarization to promote tumor metastasis and growth via activating the PI3K\/AKT pathway in gastric cancer. Br J Cancer. 2026;134(7):1031\u201341.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"3394_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-08441-w","volume":"8","author":"Z Kong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kong Z, et al. Exo-miR-1911-5p regulates ferroptosis to promote macrophages M2 polarization-mediated gastric cancer cisplatin resistance via MYB\/AKR1B10\/ACC. Commun Biol. 2025;8(1):1054.","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"issue":"6620","key":"3394_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/386073a0","volume":"386","author":"T Sawamura","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sawamura T, et al. An endothelial receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Nature. 1997;386(6620):73\u20137.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3394_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Le\u00f3n ME, et al. LOX-1 in Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Molecular and Clinical Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(10):5276.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25105276"},{"issue":"10\u201311","key":"3394_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-020-00279-0","volume":"28","author":"M Murdocca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Murdocca M, et al. LOX-1 and cancer: an indissoluble liaison. Cancer Gene Ther. 2021;28(10\u201311):1088\u201398.","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"3394_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Condamine T et al. Lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor-1 distinguishes population of human polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer patients. Sci Immunol, 2016. 1(2).","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aaf8943"},{"issue":"1","key":"3394_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-024-00521-7","volume":"13","author":"D Rao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rao D, et al. Multi-model analysis of gallbladder cancer reveals the role of OxLDL-absorbing neutrophils in promoting liver invasion. Exp Hematol Oncol. 2024;13(1):58.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3394_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41611","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-25552-w","volume":"15","author":"M Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang M, et al. OLR1 is closely related to poor prognosis and immune cell infiltration in gastric cancer. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):41611.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"3394_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2025.101772","volume":"13","author":"W Zhang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhang W, et al. Fatty acid metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment: Unraveling mechanisms and therapeutic prospects. Genes Dis. 2026;13(3):101772.","journal-title":"Genes Dis"},{"key":"3394_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639823","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1639823","volume":"16","author":"S Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen S, et al. The impact of aberrant lipid metabolism on the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer: a mini review. Front Immunol. 2025;16:1639823.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3394_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01048-w","volume":"21","author":"Y Aoki","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aoki Y, et al. LOX-1 mediates inflammatory activation of microglial cells through the p38-MAPK\/NF-\u03baB pathways under hypoxic-ischemic conditions. Cell Commun Signal. 2023;21(1):126.","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"key":"3394_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8479482","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8479482","volume":"2017","author":"DW Kimmel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kimmel DW, Dole WP, Cliffel DE. Elucidation of the Role of Lectin-Like oxLDL Receptor-1 in the Metabolic Responses of Macrophages to Human oxLDL. J Lipids. 2017;2017:8479482.","journal-title":"J Lipids"},{"key":"3394_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476030","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1476030","volume":"15","author":"Y Cao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cao Y, et al. NF-\u03baB signaling pathway in tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1476030.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3394_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01310-w","volume":"22","author":"H Mao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mao H, Zhao X, Sun SC. NF-\u03baB in inflammation and cancer. Cell Mol Immunol. 2025;22(8):811\u201339.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"3394_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2025.217772","volume":"625","author":"X Bai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bai X, et al. Macrophage polarization in cancer and beyond: from inflammatory signaling pathways to potential therapeutic strategies. Cancer Lett. 2025;625:217772.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"3394_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2025.218087","volume":"636","author":"F Alipourgivi","year":"2026","unstructured":"Alipourgivi F, Lu T. Celebrating the 40-year milestone: NF-\u0138B in oncoimmunity. Cancer Lett. 2026;636:218087.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"3394_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627084","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1627084","volume":"16","author":"Y Hong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hong Y, Fu Y, Long Q. Post-translational governance of NF-\u03baB in cancer immunity: mechanisms and therapeutic horizons. Front Immunol. 2025;16:1627084.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"3394_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.07.030","volume":"72","author":"NA Jayab","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jayab NA, et al. The molecular mechanism of NF-\u03baB dysregulation across different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma. J Adv Res. 2025;72:501\u201314.","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"3394_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175342592513504","DOI":"10.1177\/17534259251350447","volume":"31","author":"Z Ma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma Z, et al. Mutation within the transmembrane domain of oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 influences oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced signal transduction. Innate Immun. 2025;31:17534259251350447.","journal-title":"Innate Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"3394_CR36","first-page":"105","volume":"16","author":"S Truthe","year":"2024","unstructured":"Truthe S, et al. Role of Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 in Inflammation and Pathogen-Associated Interactions. J Innate Immun. 2024;16(1):105\u201332.","journal-title":"J Innate Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"3394_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-025-02481-w","volume":"24","author":"RML Coelho","year":"2025","unstructured":"Coelho RML, Debets R, Hammerl D. Tumor-associated macrophages: untapped molecular targets to improve T cell-based immunotherapy. Mol Cancer. 2025;24(1):261.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"3394_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bao W et al. Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Therapeutic Targets: Deciphering Interaction Networks and Advancing Clinical Translation. MedComm (2020), 2026. 7(2): p. e70599.","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70599"},{"key":"3394_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2025.104881","volume":"215","author":"X Feng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Feng X, et al. Lipid metabolic reprogramming in tumor-associated macrophages: A key driver of functional polarization and tumor immunomodulation. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2025;215:104881.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"3394_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.02.009","volume":"68","author":"N Shao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shao N, et al. Targeting lipid metabolism of macrophages: A new strategy for tumor therapy. J Adv Res. 2025;68:99\u2013114.","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3394_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-024-02715-6","volume":"131","author":"JH Rannikko","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rannikko JH, Hollm\u00e9n M. Clinical landscape of macrophage-reprogramming cancer immunotherapies. Br J Cancer. 2024;131(4):627\u201340.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"3394_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.12.043","volume":"76","author":"Y Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu Y, et al. Targeting macrophages in cancer immunotherapy: Frontiers and challenges. J Adv Res. 2025;76:695\u2013713.","journal-title":"J Adv Res"}],"container-title":["Medical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12032-026-03394-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12032-026-03394-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12032-026-03394-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:42:09Z","timestamp":1792096929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12032-026-03394-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["3394"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12032-026-03394-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-131X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-131X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors consent to the publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The experimental plan involving animals was approved by the Committee of Experimental Animal Ethics of Nanjing Medical University through the \u201cExamination of Ethical Welfare of Experimental Animals\u201d (approval document issued on February 27, 2026). The committee issues formal stamped approval letters in lieu of numerical identifiers. The study complies with relevant national welfare ethics provisions for experimental animals.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Institutional Review Board","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"275"}}