{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T07:33:45Z","timestamp":1774856025247,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biotechnol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-025-01439-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T02:40:22Z","timestamp":1745548822000},"page":"1299-1307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dingkun Pill-Mediated TGF-\u03b21\/Smad2 Pathway Effects on Granulosa Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Lan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0723-1402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanpei","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1439_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnur.2018.04.008","volume":"53","author":"RK Meier","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meier, R. K. (2018). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Nursing Clinics of North America, 53(3), 407\u2013420.","journal-title":"Nursing Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"3","key":"1439_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4784.19.04404-6","volume":"71","author":"LV Belenkaia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Belenkaia, L. V., Lazareva, L. M., Walker, W., Lizneva, D. V., & Suturina, L. V. (2019). Criteria, phenotypes and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome. Minerva Ginecologica, 71(3), 211\u2013223.","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecologica"},{"issue":"12","key":"1439_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4565","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2350","volume":"98","author":"RS Legro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Legro, R. S., Arslanian, S. A., Ehrmann, D. A., Hoeger, K. M., Murad, M. H., Pasquali, R., Welt, C. K., Endocrine Society. (2013). Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 98(12), 4565\u20134592.","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"},{"issue":"4","key":"1439_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bnaa010","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa010","volume":"41","author":"E Stener-Victorin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stener-Victorin, E., Padmanabhan, V., Walters, K. A., Campbell, R. E., Benrick, A., Giacobini, P., Dumesic, D. A., & Abbott, D. H. (2020). Animal models to understand the etiology and pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine Reviews, 41(4), bnaa010.","journal-title":"Endocrine Reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"1439_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2011-1034","volume":"33","author":"E Diamanti-Kandarakis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., & Dunaif, A. (2012). Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome revisited: An update on mechanisms and implications. Endocrine Reviews, 33(6), 981\u20131030.","journal-title":"Endocrine Reviews"},{"key":"1439_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952290","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.952290","volume":"12","author":"H Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, H., & Tang, T. (2022). Pan-cancer genetic analysis of cuproptosis and copper metabolism-related gene set. Frontiers in Oncology, 12, 952290.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oncology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1439_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.2174\/1574892817666220119121204","volume":"17","author":"Z Jin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jin, Z., Zhang, W., Liu, H., Ding, A., Lin, Y., Wu, S. X., & Lin, J. (2022). Potential therapeutic application of local anesthetics in cancer treatment. Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery, 17(4), 326\u2013342.","journal-title":"Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery"},{"key":"1439_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174550572211179","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057221117966","volume":"18","author":"H Islam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Islam, H., Masud, J., Islam, Y. N., & Haque, F. K. M. (2022). An update on polycystic ovary syndrome: A review of the current state of knowledge in diagnosis, genetic etiology, and emerging treatment options. Womens Health (London), 18, 17455057221117966.","journal-title":"Womens Health (London)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1439_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2020.10.002","volume":"50","author":"S Chang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chang, S., & Dunaif, A. (2021). Diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: Which criteria to use and when? Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 50(1), 11\u201323.","journal-title":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America"},{"issue":"5","key":"1439_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.02.028","volume":"117","author":"JMD Gomez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gomez, J. M. D., VanHise, K., Stachenfeld, N., Chan, J. L., Merz, N. B., & Shufelt, C. (2022). Subclinical cardiovascular disease and polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertility and Sterility, 117(5), 912\u2013923.","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"issue":"1","key":"1439_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-020-00173-3","volume":"26","author":"Q Lv","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lv, Q., Wang, J., Xu, C., Huang, X., Ruan, Z., & Dai, Y. (2020). Pirfenidone alleviates pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo through regulating Wnt\/GSK-3\u03b2\/\u03b2-catenin and TGF-\u03b21\/Smad2\/3 signaling pathways. Molecular Medicine, 26(1), 49.","journal-title":"Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"1439_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104754","volume":"94","author":"eBioMedicine","year":"2023","unstructured":"eBioMedicine. (2023). Polycystic ovary syndrome: Deciphering mechanisms to facilitate management and treatment. eBioMedicine, 94, 104754.","journal-title":"eBioMedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"1439_CR13","first-page":"235","volume":"52","author":"J Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng, J., & Tan, Y. (2021). Influence of Dingkun Pill combined with estradiol valerateonwnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway in rats with thin endometrium with kidney-yang deficiency. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, 52(2), 235\u2013240.","journal-title":"Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"issue":"15","key":"1439_CR14","first-page":"3713","volume":"45","author":"J Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng, J., & Tan, Y. (2020). Effects of Dingkun Pill combined with western medicine on endometrial \u03b2-catenin, vegf and mmp-9 mrna expression in rats with multiple lesions. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 45(15), 3713\u20133718.","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi"},{"issue":"20","key":"1439_CR15","first-page":"4035","volume":"42","author":"L Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen, L., Tan, Y., & Chen, S. P. (2017). Effect of clomiphene citrate and Dingkun Pill on ovulation induction and clinical pregnancy of polycystic ovary syndrome. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 42(20), 4035\u20134039.","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi"},{"issue":"23","key":"1439_CR16","first-page":"4474","volume":"42","author":"K Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma, K., Chen, Y. X., & Wang, Y. Y. (2017). Impact of prostaglandin F2\u03b1 and endothelin, pulsation index and resistance index of uterine artery blood flow on dysmenorrhea patients of cold stagnation and blood stasis syndrome with Dingkun Pill. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 42(23), 4474\u20134480.","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi"},{"key":"1439_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergen.2023.08.007","volume":"278\u2013279","author":"T Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, T., Li, J., Dai, J., Yuan, F., Yuan, G., Chen, H., Zhu, D., Mao, X., Qin, L., Liu, N., & Yang, M. (2023). Corrigendum to \u201cIdentification of a novel stemness-related signature with appealing implications in discriminating the prognosis and therapy responses for prostate cancer\u201d Cancer Genetics Volumes 276-277, August 2023, Pages 48\u201359. Cancer Genetics, 278\u2013279, 79.","journal-title":"Cancer Genetics"},{"issue":"11","key":"1439_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-022-02625-7","volume":"39","author":"S Siddiqui","year":"2022","unstructured":"Siddiqui, S., Mateen, S., Ahmad, R., & Moin, S. (2022). A brief insight into the etiology, genetics, and immunology of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 39(11), 2439\u20132473.","journal-title":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"},{"key":"1439_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169232","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1169232","volume":"14","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, J., Yin, T., & Liu, S. (2023). Dysregulation of immune response in PCOS organ system. Frontiers in Immunology, 14, 1169232.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1439_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020547","volume":"13","author":"E Lerchbaum","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lerchbaum, E., Theiler-Schwetz, V., Kollmann, M., W\u00f6lfler, M., Pilz, S., Obermayer-Pietsch, B., & Trummer, C. (2021). Effects of vitamin D supplementation on surrogate markers of fertility in pcos women: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrients, 13(2), 547.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"7","key":"1439_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11976","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27854","volume":"234","author":"H Shen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shen, H., & Wang, Y. (2019). Activation of TGF-\u03b21\/Smad3 signaling pathway inhibits the development of ovarian follicle in polycystic ovary syndrome by promoting apoptosis of granulosa cells. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 234(7), 11976\u201311985.","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Physiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1439_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmw027","volume":"22","author":"D Dewailly","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dewailly, D., Robin, G., Peigne, M., Decanter, C., Pigny, P., & Catteau-Jonard, S. (2016). Interactions between androgens, FSH, anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone and estradiol during folliculogenesis in the human normal and polycystic ovary. Human Reproduction Update, 22(6), 709\u2013724.","journal-title":"Human Reproduction Update"},{"key":"1439_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6708200","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6708200","volume":"2022","author":"H Cai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cai, H., Zhang, Y., Ding, X., Zhu, S., Ding, X., Deng, Y., Ma, X., Gan, J., Wang, Y., & Sun, A. (2022). Metabonomic study of the effect of dingkundan intervention comparing with oral contraceptives on primary dysmenorrhea using the uplc-ms technique. BioMed Research International, 2022, 6708200.","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"1439_CR24","first-page":"9865214","volume":"2024","author":"International BR","year":"2024","unstructured":"International BR. (2024). Retracted: Metabonomic study of the effect of dingkundan intervention comparing with oral contraceptives on primary dysmenorrhea using the uplc-ms technique. BioMed Research International, 2024, 9865214.","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"issue":"3","key":"1439_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13847","volume":"45","author":"F Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, F., Zhang, Z. F., He, Y. R., Wu, H. Y., & Wei, S. S. (2019). Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors on transforming growth factor-\u03b21 signal transduction pathways in the ovarian fibrosis of polycystic ovary syndrome rats. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 45(3), 600\u2013608.","journal-title":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12033-025-01439-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12033-025-01439-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12033-025-01439-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T06:27:14Z","timestamp":1774852034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12033-025-01439-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1439"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12033-025-01439-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-6085","1559-0305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-6085","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have not disclosed any competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All experimental protocols were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. All methods are reported in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}]}}