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This study aimed to investigate the effect of desmoglein-2 (DSG2) on Moyamoya disease and determine the inhibitory effect of DSG2 in vascular remodeling in Moyamoya disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RNA sequencing, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blotting were used to detect the expression of DSG2 in the superficial temporal artery (STA) tissues of Moyamoya disease. The association between DSG2 and endothelial cells\u2019 biological activities was investigated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), migration assay, tube formation assay, flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC\/PI staining, and TUNEL apoptotic cell detection kit. Pathways affected by overexpression or knockdown of DSG2 were identified in endothelial cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The expression of DSG2 in the STA tissues of Moyamoya disease was lower than that in normal controls. Overexpression of DSG2 inhibits the proliferation and migration but promotes apoptosis in endothelial cells, and low DSG2 levels result in impaired angiogenesis. In addition, there was an interaction between DSG2 and MMP-9, and DSG2 acted through the PI3K signaling in endothelial cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Our results indicate that DSG2 affects PI3K signaling in vascular endothelial cells, and MMP-9 is involved in DSG2-mediated vascular changes in Moyamoya disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04010-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T20:02:12Z","timestamp":1707336132000},"page":"6539-6552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Desmoglein-2 Affects Vascular Function in Moyamoya Disease by Interacting with MMP-9 and Influencing PI3K Signaling"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8282-7659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3631-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9960-6859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7801-8853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6490-9489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5302-8347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongxue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9412-9857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changwen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3035-0980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6894-7490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongcui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3703-9879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengyu","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4010_CR1","first-page":"288","volume":"20","author":"J Suzuki","year":"1969","unstructured":"Suzuki J (1969) Cerebrovascular, \u201cmoyamoya\u201d disease [J]. 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The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital) (Approval No. 2022-KY261).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. For children under 16 written informed consent was obtained from the parents.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"All authors have read and approved the final manuscript for submission. We confirm the figures are original for this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}