{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:33:52Z","timestamp":1772120032867,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712016000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Neurobiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04155-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T16:25:04Z","timestamp":1712075104000},"page":"8777-8786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Hypermutable Region in the DISP2 Gene Links to Natural Selection and Late-Onset Neurocognitive Disorders in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Khamse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Alizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. R. Khorram","family":"Khorshid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Delbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Tajeddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ohadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"4155_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.09.070","volume":"576","author":"M Nikkhah","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nikkhah M et al (2016) An exceptionally long CA-repeat in the core promoter of SCGB2B2 links with the evolution of apes and Old World monkeys. Gene 576(1 Pt 1):109\u2013114","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"8","key":"4155_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.22266","volume":"76","author":"S Mohammadparast","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mohammadparast S et al (2014) Exceptional expansion and conservation of a CT-repeat complex in the core promoter of PAXBP1 in primates. Am J Primatol 76(8):747\u2013756","journal-title":"Am J Primatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19454","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76461-z","volume":"10","author":"H Afshar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Afshar H et al (2020) Evolving evidence on a link between the ZMYM3 exceptionally long GA-STR and human cognition. Sci Rep 10(1):19454","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4155_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20171896","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2017.1896","volume":"284","author":"P Watts","year":"2017","unstructured":"Watts P et al (2017) Stabilizing selection on microsatellite allele length at arginine vasopressin 1a receptor and oxytocin receptor loci. Proc R Soc B: Biol Sci 284:20171896","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B: Biol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"4155_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg.2017.115","volume":"19","author":"AJ Hannan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hannan AJ (2018) Tandem repeats mediating genetic plasticity in health and disease. Nat Rev Genet 19(5):286\u2013298","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"4155_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.3390\/sym13060933","volume":"13","author":"C Ranathunge","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ranathunge C et al (2021) Microsatellites as agents of adaptive change: an RNA-Seq-based comparative study of transcriptomes from five Helianthus species. Symmetry 13(6):933","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"issue":"11","key":"4155_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0521-9","volume":"51","author":"SF Fotsing","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fotsing SF et al (2019) The impact of short tandem repeat variation on gene expression. Nat Genet 51(11):1652\u20131659","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"4155_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1159\/000509471","volume":"66","author":"H Afshar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Afshar H et al (2020) Natural selection at the NHLH2 core promoter exceptionally long CA-repeat in human and disease-only genotypes in late-onset neurocognitive disorder. Gerontology 66(5):514\u2013522","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12863-022-01075-5","volume":"23","author":"AMA Maddi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Maddi AMA et al (2022) Tandem repeats ubiquitously flank and contribute to translation initiation sites. BMC Genomic Data 23(1):59","journal-title":"BMC Genomic Data"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-018-0181-3","volume":"12","author":"M Arabfard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arabfard M et al (2018) Link between short tandem repeats and translation initiation site selection. Hum Genomics 12(1):47","journal-title":"Hum Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2136","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52675-3","volume":"14","author":"H Bayat","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bayat H et al (2024) CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated deletion of a GA-repeat in human GPM6B leads to disruption of neural cell differentiation from NT2 cells. Sci Rep 14(1):2136","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"4155_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2019.01.002","volume":"35","author":"MO Press","year":"2019","unstructured":"Press MO et al (2019) Substitutions are boring: some arguments about parallel mutations and high mutation rates. Trends Genet 35(4):253\u2013264","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"issue":"11","key":"4155_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2014.07.008","volume":"30","author":"MO Press","year":"2014","unstructured":"Press MO, Carlson KD, Queitsch C (2014) The overdue promise of short tandem repeat variation for heritability. Trends Genet 30(11):504\u2013512","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82050-5","volume":"11","author":"DJ Annear","year":"2021","unstructured":"Annear DJ et al (2021) Abundancy of polymorphic CGG repeats in the human genome suggest a broad involvement in neurological disease. Sci Rep 11(1):2515","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19235","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98725-y","volume":"11","author":"Z Jafarian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jafarian Z et al (2021) Natural selection at the RASGEF1C (GGC) repeat in human and divergent genotypes in late-onset neurocognitive disorder. Sci Rep 11(1):19235","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20629","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99932-3","volume":"11","author":"S Khamse","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khamse S et al (2021) Novel implications of a strictly monomorphic (GCC) repeat in the human PRKACB gene. Sci Rep 11(1):20629","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"4155_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2017.09.013","volume":"101","author":"H Tang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tang H et al (2017) Profiling of short-tandem-repeat disease alleles in 12,632 human whole genomes. Am J Hum Genet 101(5):700\u2013715","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"4155_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2023.147968","volume":"893","author":"S Alizadeh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alizadeh S et al (2024) A GCC repeat in RAB26 undergoes natural selection in human and harbors divergent genotypes in late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Gene 893:147968","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.05.053","volume":"569","author":"P Namdar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Namdar P et al (2015) Exceptionally long 5\u2032 UTR short tandem repeats specifically linked to primates. Gene 569(1):88\u201394","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"4155_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153303382199208","DOI":"10.1177\/1533033821992084","volume":"20","author":"W Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu W et al (2021) A novel 10-gene signature predicts poor prognosis in low grade glioma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 20:1533033821992084","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"5","key":"4155_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1215\/15228517-2008-034","volume":"10","author":"I Bosma","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bosma I et al (2008) Synchronized brain activity and neurocognitive function in patients with low-grade glioma: a magnetoencephalography study. Neuro Oncol 10(5):734\u2013744","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.22308","volume":"77","author":"M Ohadi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ohadi M et al (2015) Core promoter short tandem repeats as evolutionary switch codes for primate speciation. Am J Primatol 77(1):34\u201343","journal-title":"Am J Primatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2016.04.041","volume":"587","author":"A Bushehri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bushehri A et al (2016) Genome-wide identification of human-and primate-specific core promoter short tandem repeats. Gene 587(1):83\u201390","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"4155_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evr021","volume":"3","author":"H Ying","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ying H, Huttley G (2011) Exploiting CpG hypermutability to identify phenotypically significant variation within human protein-coding genes. Genome Biol Evol 3:938\u2013949","journal-title":"Genome Biol Evol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4155_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2020.10.003","volume":"37","author":"AV Nesta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nesta AV, Tafur D, Beck CR (2021) Hotspots of human mutation. Trends Genet 37(8):717\u2013729","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"key":"4155_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2024.148194","volume":"902","author":"N Tajeddin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tajeddin N et al (2024) Novel islands of GGC and GCC repeats coincide with human evolution. Gene 902:148194","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"1","key":"4155_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15480","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19878-y","volume":"12","author":"S Khamse","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khamse S et al (2022) A (GCC) repeat in SBF1 reveals a novel biological phenomenon in human and links to late onset neurocognitive disorder. Sci Rep 12(1):15480","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"4155_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-006-0441-6","volume":"113","author":"AM Persico","year":"2006","unstructured":"Persico AM, Levitt P, Pimenta AF (2006) Polymorphic GGC repeat differentially regulates human reelin gene expression levels. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 113(10):1373\u20131382","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4155_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10022","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010022","volume":"5","author":"F Drenos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Drenos F, Kirkwood TB (2010) Selection on alleles affecting human longevity and late-life disease: the example of apolipoprotein E. PLoS ONE 5(4):e10022","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"4155_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.02.022","volume":"90","author":"T Raj","year":"2012","unstructured":"Raj T et al (2012) Alzheimer disease susceptibility loci: evidence for a protein network under natural selection. Am J Hum Genet 90(4):720\u2013726","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"4155_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12276","volume":"17","author":"M Foroughan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Foroughan M et al (2017) Validity and reliability of a bbreviated M ental T Est S core (AMTS) among older I ranian. Psychogeriatrics 17(6):460\u2013465","journal-title":"Psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"4155_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/1.4.233","volume":"1","author":"HM Hodkinson","year":"1972","unstructured":"Hodkinson HM (1972) Evaluation of a mental test score for assessment of mental impairment in the elderly. Age Ageing 1(4):233\u2013238","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"2","key":"4155_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13573","volume":"26","author":"CR Carpenter","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carpenter CR et al (2019) Accuracy of dementia screening instruments in emergency medicine: a diagnostic meta-analysis. Acad Emerg Med 26(2):226\u2013245","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"4155_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pdb-rot095133","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot095133","volume":"2018","author":"MR Green","year":"2018","unstructured":"Green MR, Sambrook J (2018) Touchdown polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2018(5):pdb-rot095133","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc"},{"key":"4155_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6433-8_4","volume":"1490","author":"L DiChiacchio","year":"2016","unstructured":"DiChiacchio L, Mathews DH (2016) Predicting RNA-RNA interactions using RNAstructure. Methods Mol Biol 1490:51\u201362","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["Molecular Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-024-04155-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12035-024-04155-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-024-04155-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T07:23:56Z","timestamp":1729581836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12035-024-04155-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4155"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-024-04155-y","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-2991406\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0893-7648","1559-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-7648","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-1182","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 May 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"This research conformed to the Ethics Guidelines of the Ethics Committee of the Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants (or their guardians where necessary).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Confirmed and agreed by all co-authors.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}]}}