{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T11:14:35Z","timestamp":1789902875656,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Project by Liaoning Educational Committee","award":["LJKMZ20221144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LJKMZ20221144"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82301298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301298"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82201281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82201281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Neurobiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-025-05165-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T03:08:05Z","timestamp":1750993685000},"page":"13748-13762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["BDNF Alleviates Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy Through Inhibition of Autophagy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianru","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangtuo","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuna","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"5165_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.21.285643","volume":"99","author":"S Chadha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chadha S, Kamenov K, Cieza A (2021) The world report on hearing, 2021. Bull World Health Organ 99(4):242","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"45","key":"5165_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14077","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2845-09.2009","volume":"29","author":"SG Kujawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kujawa SG, Liberman MC (2009) Adding insult to injury: cochlear nerve degeneration after \u201ctemporary\u201d noise-induced hearing loss. J Neurosci 29(45):14077\u201314085","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5165_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3691","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06033-3","volume":"9","author":"C Petitpr\u00e9","year":"2018","unstructured":"Petitpr\u00e9 C, Wu H, Sharma A et al (2018) Neuronal heterogeneity and stereotyped connectivity in the auditory afferent system. Nat Commun 9(1):3691","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"5165_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2016.12.009","volume":"349","author":"E Lobarinas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lobarinas E, Spankovich C, Le Prell CG (2017) Evidence of \u201chidden hearing loss\u201d following noise exposures that produce robust TTS and ABR wave-I amplitude reductions. Hear Res 349:155\u2013163","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"5165_CR5","first-page":"CD006396","volume":"3","author":"JH Verbeek","year":"2009","unstructured":"Verbeek JH, Kateman E, Morata TC et al (2009) (2009) Interventions to prevent occupational noise induced hearing loss. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD006396","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"5165_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4298","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06777-y","volume":"9","author":"WMH Bakay","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bakay WMH, Anderson LA, Garcia-Lazaro JA et al (2018) Hidden hearing loss selectively impairs neural adaptation to loud sound environments. Nat Commun 9(1):4298","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"5165_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2020.107955","volume":"394","author":"PA Leake","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leake PA, Akil O, Lang H (2020) Neurotrophin gene therapy to promote survival of spiral ganglion neurons after deafness. Hear Res 394:107955","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"5165_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410051244","volume":"295","author":"B Fritzsch","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fritzsch B, Pirvola U, Ylikoski J (1999) Making and breaking the innervation of the ear: neurotrophic support during ear development and its clinical implications. Cell Tissue Res 295(3):369\u2013382","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5165_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson Chacko L, Blumer MJF, Pechriggl E, et al (2017) A. Role of BDNF and neurotrophic receptors in human inner ear development. Cell Tissue Res 370(3):347\u2013363.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-017-2686-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"5165_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31828687b1","volume":"34","author":"L Waaijer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Waaijer L, Klis SF, Ramekers D et al (2013) The peripheral processes of spiral ganglion cells after intracochlear application of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in deafened guinea pigs. Otol Neurotol 34(3):570\u2013578","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"5165_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2020.108098","volume":"413","author":"J Schulze","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schulze J, Staecker H, Wedekind D et al (2022) Expression pattern of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its associated receptors: Implications for exogenous neurotrophin application. Hear Res 413:108098","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"5165_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0224022","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224022","volume":"14","author":"S Szobota","year":"2019","unstructured":"Szobota S, Mathur PD, Siegel S et al (2019) BDNF, NT-3 and Trk receptor agonist monoclonal antibodies promote neuron survival, neurite extension, and synapse restoration in rat cochlea ex vivo models relevant for hidden hearing loss. PLoS ONE 14(10):e0224022","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5165_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2020.108114","volume":"400","author":"HA Vink","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vink HA, Versnel H, Kroon S et al (2021) BDNF-mediated preservation of spiral ganglion cell peripheral processes and axons in comparison to that of their cell bodies. Hear Res 400:108114","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"5165_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cao T, Matyas JJ, Renn CL, et al (2020) Function and mechanisms of truncated BDNF receptor TrkB.T1 in neuropathic pain. Cells 9(5):1194","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9051194"},{"issue":"5","key":"5165_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3295","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1283-6","volume":"56","author":"B Lima Giacobbo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lima Giacobbo B, Doorduin J, Klein HC et al (2019) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in brain disorders: focus on neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 56(5):3295\u20133312","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5165_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3532","volume":"13","author":"V Deretic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Deretic V, Saitoh T, Akira S (2013) Autophagy in infection, inflammation and immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 13(10):722\u2013737","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5165_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0092-5","volume":"20","author":"N Mizushima","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mizushima N (2018) A brief history of autophagy from cell biology to physiology and disease. Nat Cell Biol 20(5):521\u2013527","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"5165_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yun HR, Jo YH, Kim J, et al (2020) Roles of autophagy in oxidative stress. Int J Mol Sci 21(9):3289","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093289"},{"issue":"11","key":"5165_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2015.1061699","volume":"135","author":"L Shi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shi L, Liu K, Wang H et al (2015) Noise induced reversible changes of cochlear ribbon synapses contribute to temporary hearing loss in mice. Acta Otolaryngol 135(11):1093\u20131102","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"5165_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2019.104649","volume":"133","author":"ZD Du","year":"2020","unstructured":"Du ZD, Han SG, Qu TF et al (2020) Age-related insult of cochlear ribbon synapses: an early-onset contributor to d-galactose-induced aging in mice. Neurochem Int 133:104649","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"5165_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2014.892631","volume":"134","author":"K Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu K, Ji F, Xu Y et al (2014) Myosin VIIa and otoferlin in cochlear inner hair cells have distinct response to ototoxic exposure. Acta Otolaryngol 134(6):564\u2013570","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5165_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5679","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9454-1","volume":"53","author":"K Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu K, Ji F, Yang G et al (2016) SMAD4 defect causes auditory neuropathy via specialized disruption of cochlear ribbon synapses in mice. Mol Neurobiol 53(8):5679\u20135691","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"5165_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4341","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2021.1916194","volume":"17","author":"ZH He","year":"2021","unstructured":"He ZH, Li M, Fang QJ et al (2021) FOXG1 promotes aging inner ear hair cell survival through activation of the autophagy pathway. Autophagy 17(12):4341\u20134362","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"issue":"15","key":"5165_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2014.6004","volume":"22","author":"H Yuan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yuan H, Wang X, Hill K et al (2015) Autophagy attenuates noise-induced hearing loss by reducing oxidative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 22(15):1308\u20131324","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"issue":"11","key":"5165_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00757-5","volume":"25","author":"RA Nixon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nixon RA, Rubinsztein DC (2024) Mechanisms of autophagy-lysosome dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 25(11):926\u2013946","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"5165_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5511010","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5511010","volume":"2021","author":"C Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu C, Zheng Z, Wang P, He S, He Y (2021) Autophagy: a novel horizon for hair cell protection. Neural Plast 2021:5511010","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"5165_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holt LM, Hernandez RD, Pacheco NL, et al (2019) Astrocyte morphogenesis is dependent on BDNF signaling via astrocytic TrkB.T1. Elife 8:e44667","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.44667"},{"issue":"5","key":"5165_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1262","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.177","volume":"5","author":"HW Zheng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zheng HW, Chen J, Sha SH (2014) Receptor-interacting protein kinases modulate noise-induced sensory hair cell death. Cell Death Dis 5(5):e1262","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"5165_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.10.054","volume":"1430","author":"LM Mullen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mullen LM, Pak KK, Chavez E et al (2012) Ras\/p38 and PI3K\/Akt but not Mek\/Erk signaling mediate BDNF-induced neurite formation on neonatal cochlear spiral ganglion explants. Brain Res 1430:25\u201334","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"5165_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.12.049","volume":"429","author":"Y Luo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luo Y, Qu T, Song Q et al (2020) Repeated moderate sound exposure causes accumulated trauma to cochlear ribbon synapses in mice. Neuroscience 429:173\u2013184","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"21","key":"5165_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7938","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1434-10.2011","volume":"31","author":"Q Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang Q, Green SH (2011) Functional role of neurotrophin-3 in synapse regeneration by spiral ganglion neurons on inner hair cells after excitotoxic trauma in vitro. J Neurosci 31(21):7938\u20137949","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"5165_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2019.01.008","volume":"374","author":"K Yamahara","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yamahara K, Asaka N, Kita T et al (2019) Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes cochlear synapse regeneration after excitotoxic trauma in vitro. Hear Res 374:5\u201312","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"5165_CR33","first-page":"e59189","volume":"147","author":"SK Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu SK, Du ZD, Song Q et al (2019) Morphological and functional evaluation of ribbon synapses at specific frequency regions of the mouse cochlea. J Visualized Experiments: JoVE 147:e59189","journal-title":"J Visualized Experiments: JoVE"},{"issue":"9925","key":"5165_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61613-X","volume":"383","author":"M Basner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Basner M, Babisch W, Davis A et al (2014) Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health. Lancet 383(9925):1325\u20131332","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"5165_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.04.123","volume":"448","author":"B Fang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fang B, Xiao H (2014) Rapamycin alleviates cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 448(4):443\u2013447","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"5165_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2017.12.014","volume":"105","author":"R Alemi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alemi R, Motassadi Zarandy M, Joghataei MT (2018) Plasticity after pediatric cochlear implantation: implication from changes in peripheral plasma level of BDNF and auditory nerve responses. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 105:103\u2013110","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"5165_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9548316","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9548316","volume":"2022","author":"L Miao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Miao L, Zhang J, Yin L, Pu Y (2022) Metabolomics analysis reveals alterations in cochlear metabolic profiling in mice with noise-induced hearing loss. Biomed Res Int 2022:9548316","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"5165_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.01.018","volume":"207","author":"XX Dong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dong XX, Wang YR, Qin S et al (2012) p53 mediates autophagy activation and mitochondria dysfunction in kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity in primary striatal neurons. Neuroscience 207:52\u201364","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"8","key":"5165_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3232","volume":"19","author":"RA Nixon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nixon RA (2013) The role of autophagy in neurodegenerative disease. Nat Med 19(8):983\u2013997","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"5165_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2017.09.036","volume":"660","author":"DH Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang DH, Xie J, Liu K et al (2017) The histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate protects against noise-induced hearing loss in Guinea pigs. Neurosci Lett 660:140\u2013146","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"5165_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2019.02.015","volume":"376","author":"AN Heeringa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heeringa AN, Koppl C (2019) The aging cochlea: towards unraveling the functional contributions of strial dysfunction and synaptopathy. Hear Res 376:111\u2013124","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"5165_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154644","volume":"110","author":"R Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li R, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Fan X (2023) Gomisin N attenuated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibition of autophagy by activating the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway. Phytomedicine 110:154644","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"5165_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903410209","volume":"341","author":"JL Puel","year":"1994","unstructured":"Puel JL, Pujol R et al (1994) Excitatory amino acid antagonists protect cochlear auditory neurons from excitotoxicity. J Comp Neurol 341(2):241\u2013256","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"21","key":"5165_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7938","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1434-10.2011","volume":"31","author":"Q Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang Q, Green SH (2011) Functional role of neurotrophin-3 in synapse regeneration by spiral ganglion neurons on inner hair cells after excitotoxic trauma in vitro. J Neurosci: Off J Soc Neurosci 31(21):7938\u20137949","journal-title":"J Neurosci: Off J Soc Neurosci"},{"key":"5165_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamahara K, Asaka, et al (2019) Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes cochlear synapse regeneration after excitotoxic trauma in vitro. Hear Res 374:5\u201312.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2019.01.008"}],"container-title":["Molecular Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05165-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05165-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05165-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T19:02:46Z","timestamp":1757790166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05165-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["5165"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05165-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-7648","1559-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-7648","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-1182","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The animals were cared for and used following the Guideline for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. We performed all animal experiments strictly in accordance with the Animal Ethics Committee\u2019s guidelines at Capital Medical University (AEEI-2021\u2013298).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}