{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:05:43Z","timestamp":1783814743364,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"DST-INSPIRE Fellowship","award":["IF4190498"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IF4190498"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001843","name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EEQ\/ 2020\/000188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EEQ\/ 2020\/000188"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Neurobiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-025-05297-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T11:16:34Z","timestamp":1764414994000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Neuroprotective Role of Piperine-Encapsulated Casein Micelles in Mitigating Intracellular Dyshomeostasis in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Pathology"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Jayapriya","family":"Mishra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charan","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasvinder Singh","family":"Bhatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"5297_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00206","volume":"11","author":"AS Abdul Manap","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdul Manap AS, Wei Tan AC, Leong WH, Yin Chia AY, Vijayabalan S, Arya A, Wong EH, Rizwan F et al (2019) Synergistic effects of curcumin and piperine as potent acetylcholine and amyloidogenic inhibitors with significant neuroprotective activity in SH-SY5Y cells via computational molecular modeling and in vitro assay. Front Aging Neurosci 11:206","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"5297_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00206","author":"AS Abdul Manap","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdul Manap AS, Wei Tan AC, Leong WH, Yin Chia AY, Vijayabalan S, Arya A, Wong EH, Rizwan F et al (2019) Synergistic effects of curcumin and piperine as potent acetylcholine and amyloidogenic inhibitors with significant neuroprotective activity in SH-SY5Y cells via computational molecular modeling and in vitro assay. Front Aging Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00206","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"5297_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu Shelbayeh O, Arroum T, Morris S, Busch KB (2023) PGC-1alpha is a master regulator of mitochondrial lifecycle and ROS stress response. Antioxidants (Basel) 12(5).","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12051075"},{"issue":"3","key":"5297_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-023-03456-3","volume":"32","author":"SA Adefegha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Adefegha SA, Oyediran JA, Oboh G (2023) Piperine abates cognitive dysfunction via modulation of key enzymes relevant to neurodegeneration in scopolamine-induced rats. Comp Clin Pathol 32(3):451\u2013460","journal-title":"Comp Clin Pathol"},{"key":"5297_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.11.021","volume":"330","author":"A Akhtar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akhtar A, Andleeb A, Waris TS, Bazzar M, Moradi A-R, Awan NR, Yar M (2021) Neurodegenerative diseases and effective drug delivery: a review of challenges and novel therapeutics. J Control Release 330:1152\u20131167","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"25","key":"5297_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22406","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c08187","volume":"8","author":"S Alshehri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alshehri S, Bukhari SI, Imam SS, Hussain A, Alghaith AF, Altamimi MA, AlAbdulkarim AS, Almurshedi A (2023) Formulation of piperine-loaded nanoemulsion: in vitro characterization, ex vivo evaluation, and cell viability assessment. ACS Omega 8(25):22406\u201322413","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"5","key":"5297_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13809","volume":"20","author":"Association A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Association A (2024) 2024 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 20(5):3708\u20133821","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"5","key":"5297_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03730-z","volume":"61","author":"MA Ansari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ansari MA, Tripathi T, Venkidasamy B, Monziani A, Rajakumar G, Alomary MN, Alyahya SA, Onimus O et al (2024) Multifunctional nanocarriers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: befriending the barriers. Mol Neurobiol 61(5):3042\u20133089","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"5297_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073785","author":"CG Ardanaz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ardanaz CG, Ram\u00edrez MJ, Solas M (2022) Brain metabolic alterations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23073785","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"5297_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.01.077","volume":"355","author":"S Arora","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arora S, Kumar V, Kapil L, Agrawal AK, Singh A, Singh C (2023) Piperine loaded metal organic frameworks reverse doxorubicin induced chemobrain in adult zebrafish. J Control Release 355:259\u2013272","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"5297_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hsr.2023.100138","author":"S Arora","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arora S, Singh B, Kumar S, Kumar A, Singh A, Singh C (2023) Piperine loaded drug delivery systems for improved biomedical applications: current status and future directions. Health Sci Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hsr.2023.100138","journal-title":"Health Sci Rev"},{"key":"5297_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10010154","author":"S Azam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Azam S, Park JY, Kim IS, Choi DK (2022) Piperine and its metabolite\u2019s pharmacology in neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. Biomedicines. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines10010154","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"3","key":"5297_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2022.1022","volume":"14","author":"R Balakrishnan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Balakrishnan R, Azam S, Kim IS, Choi DK (2023) Neuroprotective effects of black pepper and its bioactive compounds in age-related neurological disorders. Aging Dis 14(3):750\u2013777","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"5297_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2018.10.018","volume":"133","author":"M Bar-Zeev","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bar-Zeev M, Kelmansky D, Assaraf YG, Livney YD (2018) Beta-casein micelles for oral delivery of SN-38 and elacridar to overcome BCRP-mediated multidrug resistance in gastric cancer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 133:240\u2013249","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Biopharm"},{"issue":"5","key":"5297_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2016.11.010","volume":"1863","author":"JS Bhatti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhatti JS, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH (2017) Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in metabolic disorders \u2014 a step towards mitochondria based therapeutic strategies. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease 1863(5):1066\u20131077","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease"},{"issue":"3","key":"5297_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0132-6","volume":"20","author":"DA Butterfield","year":"2019","unstructured":"Butterfield DA, Halliwell B (2019) Oxidative stress, dysfunctional glucose metabolism and Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 20(3):148\u2013160","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"5297_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010175","author":"S Ceccariglia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ceccariglia S, Alvino A, Del F\u00e0 A, Parolini O, Michetti F, Gangitano C (2019) Autophagy is activated in vivo during trimethyltin-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration: a study in the rat hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21010175","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"5297_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2007-12208","volume":"12","author":"JX Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen JX, Yan SD (2007) Amyloid-beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. J Alzheimers Dis 12(2):177\u2013184","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5297_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2009.12.009","volume":"48","author":"P Chonpathompikunlert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chonpathompikunlert P, Wattanathorn J, Muchimapura S (2010) Piperine, the main alkaloid of Thai black pepper, protects against neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment in animal model of cognitive deficit like condition of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Food Chem Toxicol 48(3):798\u2013802","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s10930-020-09946-5","volume":"40","author":"S Chowdhury","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chowdhury S, Kumar S (2021) Bioactive phytocompounds: anti-amyloidogenic effects against hen egg-white lysozyme aggregation. Protein J 40(1):78\u201386","journal-title":"Protein J"},{"key":"5297_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2024.12.039","volume":"566","author":"C Echeverry","year":"2025","unstructured":"Echeverry C, Pazos M, Torres-Perez M, Prunell G (2025) Plant-derived compounds and neurodegenerative diseases: different mechanisms of action with therapeutic potential. Neuroscience 566:149\u2013160","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1997.2330","volume":"38","author":"M Ehrich","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ehrich M, Correll L, Veronesi B (1997) Acetylcholinesterase and neuropathy target esterase inhibitions in neuroblastoma cells to distinguish organophosphorus compounds causing acute and delayed neurotoxicity. Fundam Appl Toxicol 38(1):55\u201363","journal-title":"Fundam Appl Toxicol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5297_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3544","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.24557","volume":"104","author":"YSR Elnaggar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elnaggar YSR, Etman SM, Abdelmonsif DA, Abdallah OY (2015) Intranasal piperine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles as brain-targeted therapy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: optimization, biological efficacy, and potential toxicity. J Pharm Sci 104(10):3544\u20133556","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"5297_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-012-0897-z","volume":"30","author":"AO Elzoghby","year":"2013","unstructured":"Elzoghby AO, Samy WM, Elgindy NA (2013) Novel spray-dried genipin-crosslinked casein nanoparticles for prolonged release of alfuzosin hydrochloride. Pharm Res 30:512\u2013522","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"5297_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-020-00621-3","volume":"35","author":"OL Erukainure","year":"2020","unstructured":"Erukainure OL, Salau VF, Alabi OO, Ebuehi OAT, Koorbanally NA, Islam MS (2020) Casein micelles from bovine milk exerts neuroprotection by stalling metabolic complications linked to oxidative brain injury. Metab Brain Dis 35(8):1417\u20131428","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"5297_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-393X(03)00059-6","volume":"64","author":"GT Grossberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Grossberg GT (2003) Cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: getting on and staying on. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 64(4):216\u2013235","journal-title":"Curr Ther Res Clin Exp"},{"issue":"3","key":"5297_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-nbt.2018.5431","volume":"14","author":"H Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo H, Chen YF, Tang Y, Qian JQ (2020) Method for enhancing bioavailability of myricetin based on self-assembly of casein-myricetin nanomicelles. IET Nanobiotechnol 14(3):239\u2013244","journal-title":"IET Nanobiotechnol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5297_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5481","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01249-0","volume":"26","author":"H Hampel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hampel H, Hardy J, Blennow K, Chen C, Perry G, Kim SH, Villemagne VL, Aisen P et al (2021) The amyloid-\u03b2 pathway in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Psychiatry 26(10):5481\u20135503","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"5297_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6855","volume":"35","author":"IU Haq","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haq IU, Imran M, Nadeem M, Tufail T, Gondal TA, Mubarak MS (2021) Piperine: a review of its biological effects. Phytother Res 35(2):680\u2013700","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"5297_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026616666161222110600","volume":"17","author":"IA Isoglu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Isoglu IA, Ozsoy Y, Isoglu SD (2017) Advances in micelle-based drug delivery: cross-linked systems. Curr Top Med Chem 17(13):1469\u20131489","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem"},{"key":"5297_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1202167","volume":"17","author":"GA Johnson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Johnson GA, Krishnamoorthy RR, Stankowska DL (2023) Modulating mitochondrial calcium channels (TRPM2\/MCU\/NCX) as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative disorders. Front Neurosci 17:1202167","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"5297_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2022.104074","volume":"79","author":"N Kanojia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kanojia N, Thapa K, Kaur G, Sharma A, Puri V, Verma N (2023) Update on therapeutic potential of emerging nanoformulations of phytocompounds in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 79:104074","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00269-y","volume":"7","author":"DS Knopman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Knopman DS, Amieva H, Petersen RC, Ch\u00e9telat G, Holtzman DM, Hyman BT, Nixon RA, Jones DT (2021) Alzheimer disease Nat Rev Dis Primers 7(1):33","journal-title":"Alzheimer disease Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-016-0299-2","volume":"4","author":"K Kurbatskaya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kurbatskaya K, Phillips EC, Croft CL, Dentoni G, Hughes MM, Wade MA, Al-Sarraj S, Troakes C et al (2016) Upregulation of calpain activity precedes tau phosphorylation and loss of synaptic proteins in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain. Acta Neuropathol Commun 4(1):34","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04469-y","volume":"13","author":"Y Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li Y, Zheng W, Lu Y, Zheng Y, Pan L, Wu X, Yuan Y, Shen Z et al (2021) BNIP3L\/NIX-mediated mitophagy: molecular mechanisms and implications for human disease. Cell Death Dis 13(1):14","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"null","key":"5297_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S447496","volume":"18","author":"Y Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu Y, Liang Y, Yuhong J, Xin P, Han JL, Du Y, Yu X, Zhu R, et al. (2024) Advances in nanotechnology for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Drug Des Devel Ther 18(null):1469\u20131495","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"42","key":"5297_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37264","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c03495","volume":"7","author":"DC Manatunga","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manatunga DC, Jayasinghe JAB, Sandaruwan C, De Silva RM, De Silva KMN (2022) Enhancement of release and solubility of curcumin from electrospun PEO-EC-PVP tripolymer-based nanofibers: a study on the effect of hydrogenated castor oil. ACS Omega 7(42):37264\u201337278","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"14","key":"5297_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.2411","volume":"7","author":"M Mart\u00ednez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez M, Mart\u00ednez NA, Silva WI (2017) Measurement of the intracellular calcium concentration with Fura-2 AM using a fluorescence plate reader. Bio-protocol 7(14):e2411","journal-title":"Bio-protocol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57613-x","volume":"14","author":"ML Matrella","year":"2024","unstructured":"Matrella ML, Valletti A, Gigante I, De Rasmo D, Signorile A, Russo S, Lobasso S, Lobraico D et al (2024) High OXPHOS efficiency in RA-FUdr-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells: involvement of cAMP signalling and respiratory supercomplexes. Sci Rep 14(1):7411","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"5297_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2025.e00525","volume":"22","author":"KC McGill Percy","year":"2025","unstructured":"McGill Percy KC, Liu Z, Qi X (2025) Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: guiding the path to targeted therapies. Neurotherapeutics 22(3):e00525","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"5297_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.121153","volume":"311","author":"J Mishra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mishra J, Bhatti GK, Sehrawat A, Singh C, Singh A, Reddy AP, Reddy PH, Bhatti JS (2022) Modulating autophagy and mitophagy as a promising therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative disorders. Life Sci 311(Pt A):121153","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"5297_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2006-9202","volume":"9","author":"PI Moreira","year":"2006","unstructured":"Moreira PI, Cardoso SM, Santos MS, Oliveira CR (2006) The key role of mitochondria in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 9(2):101\u2013110","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"5297_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15040836","author":"A Mustafai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mustafai A, Zubair M, Hussain A, Ullah A (2023) Recent progress in proteins-based micelles as drug delivery carriers. Polymers. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym15040836","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"11","key":"5297_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-011-0533-z","volume":"36","author":"B Muthaiyah","year":"2011","unstructured":"Muthaiyah B, Essa MM, Chauhan V, Chauhan A (2011) Protective effects of walnut extract against amyloid beta peptide-induced cell death and oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Neurochem Res 36(11):2096\u20132103","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"5297_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04372-5","author":"D Nagdiya","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nagdiya D, Arora S, Kumar V, Kumar D, Singh A, Singh C (2024) Application of casein micelles for targeting Huntington\u2019s disease in experimental zebrafish model. Mol Neurobiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-024-04372-5","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"5297_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2019.01.049","volume":"345","author":"MIL Neves","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neves MIL, Desobry-Banon S, Perrone IT, Desobry S, Petit J (2019) Encapsulation of curcumin in milk powders by spray-drying: physicochemistry, rehydration properties, and stability during storage. Powder Technol 345:601\u2013607","journal-title":"Powder Technol"},{"key":"5297_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2022.02.006","volume":"90","author":"S Onder","year":"2022","unstructured":"Onder S, Schopfer LM, Jiang W, Tacal O, Lockridge O (2022) Butyrylcholinesterase in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Neurotoxicology 90:1\u20139","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"5297_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00373","volume":"11","author":"WM Pardridge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pardridge WM (2019) Blood-brain barrier and delivery of protein and gene therapeutics to brain. Front Aging Neurosci 11:373","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"5297_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232213954","author":"E Passeri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Passeri E, Elkhoury K, Morsink M, Broersen K, Linder M, Tamayol A, Malaplate C, Yen FT et al (2022) Alzheimer\u2019s disease: treatment strategies and their limitations. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232213954","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"18","key":"5297_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14585","volume":"176","author":"JM Perez Ortiz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Perez Ortiz JM, Swerdlow RH (2019) Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: role in pathogenesis and novel therapeutic opportunities. Br J Pharmacol 176(18):3489\u20133507","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5297_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1515\/ejnm-2014-0025","volume":"6","author":"H Perlstein","year":"2014","unstructured":"Perlstein H, Bavli Y, Turovsky T, Rubinstein A, Danino D, Stepensky D, Barenholz Y (2014) Beta-casein nanocarriers of celecoxib for improved oral bioavailability. Eur J Nanomed 6(4):217\u2013226","journal-title":"Eur J Nanomed"},{"issue":"4","key":"5297_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.09.053","volume":"483","author":"E Popugaeva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Popugaeva E, Pchitskaya E, Bezprozvanny I (2017) Dysregulation of neuronal calcium homeostasis in Alzheimer\u2019s disease - a therapeutic opportunity? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 483(4):998\u20131004","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"7","key":"5297_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3075","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-01945-y","volume":"57","author":"SN Rai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rai SN, Singh C, Singh A, Singh MP, Singh BK (2020) Mitochondrial dysfunction: a potential therapeutic target to treat Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Neurobiol 57(7):3075\u20133088","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5297_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2007.1754","volume":"9","author":"PH Reddy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reddy PH (2007) Mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: strategies to protect neurons. Antioxid Redox Signal 9(10):1647\u20131658","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"5297_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.07.052","volume":"1415","author":"PH Reddy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reddy PH (2011) Abnormal tau, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired axonal transport of mitochondria, and synaptic deprivation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Brain Res 1415:136\u2013148","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"5297_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12100984","volume":"12","author":"F Rehan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rehan F, Ahemad N, Islam RA, Gupta M, Gan SH, Chowdhury EH (2020) Optimization and formulation of nanostructured and self-assembled caseinate micelles for enhanced cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel on breast cancer cells. Pharmaceutics 12(10):984","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5297_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102291","volume":"97","author":"AK Roghani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Roghani AK, Garcia RI, Roghani A, Reddy A, Khemka S, Reddy RP, Pattoor V, Jacob M et al (2024) Treating Alzheimer\u2019s disease using nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery strategies\/systems. Ageing Res Rev 97:102291","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"5297_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10081965","volume":"10","author":"U Sadiq","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sadiq U, Gill H, Chandrapala J (2021) Casein micelles as an emerging delivery system for bioactive food components. Foods 10(8):1965","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"5297_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.05.044","volume":"235","author":"C Saraiva","year":"2016","unstructured":"Saraiva C, Pra\u00e7a C, Ferreira R, Santos T, Ferreira L, Bernardino L (2016) Nanoparticle-mediated brain drug delivery: overcoming blood\u2013brain barrier to treat neurodegenerative diseases. J Control Release 235:34\u201347","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"5297_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119129","volume":"276","author":"E Se Thoe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Se Thoe E, Fauzi A, Tang YQ, Chamyuang S, Chia AYY (2021) A review on advances of treatment modalities for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Life Sci 276:119129","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"5297_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12051089","author":"H Sharma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharma H, Sharma N, An SSA (2023) Black pepper (Piper nigrum) alleviates oxidative stress, exerts potential anti-glycation and anti-AChE activity: a multitargeting neuroprotective agent against neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxidants. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox12051089","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"12","key":"5297_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-021-03418-7","volume":"46","author":"VK Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma VK, Singh TG, Singh S, Garg N, Dhiman S (2021) Apoptotic pathways and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: probing therapeutic potential. Neurochem Res 46(12):3103\u20133122","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"5297_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.07.004","volume":"360","author":"N Song","year":"2023","unstructured":"Song N, Sun S, Chen K, Wang Y, Wang H, Meng J, Guo M, Zhang X-D et al (2023) Emerging nanotechnology for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: from detection to treatment. J Control Release 360:392\u2013417","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"6","key":"5297_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098866","volume":"9","author":"Q Sun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sun Q, Jia N, Wang W, Jin H, Xu J, Hu H (2014) Protective effects of astragaloside IV against amyloid beta1-42 neurotoxicity by inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. PLoS One 9(6):e98866","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"5297_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15060692","author":"S Suzen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Suzen S, Tucci P, Profumo E, Buttari B, Saso L (2022) A pivotal role of Nrf2 in neurodegenerative disorders: a new way for therapeutic strategies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph15060692","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"5297_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14111118","author":"T Tanaka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tanaka T, Betkekar VV, Ohmori K, Suzuki K, Shigemori H (2021) Evaluation of amyloid polypeptide aggregation inhibition and disaggregation activity of A-type procyanidins. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph14111118","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"issue":"5","key":"5297_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2011.06.015","volume":"7","author":"M Taylor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Taylor M, Moore S, Mourtas S, Niarakis A, Re F, Zona C, La Ferla B, Nicotra F, et al. (2011) Effect of curcumin-associated and lipid ligand-functionalized nanoliposomes on aggregation of the Alzheimer\u2019s Abeta peptide. Nanomedicine 7(5):541\u2013550","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"5297_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.12.017","volume":"85","author":"PN Tripathi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tripathi PN, Srivastava P, Sharma P, Tripathi MK, Seth A, Tripathi A, Rai SN, Singh SP, et al. (2019) Biphenyl-3-oxo-1,2,4-triazine linked piperazine derivatives as potential cholinesterase inhibitors with anti-oxidant property to improve the learning and memory. Bioorg Chem 85:82\u201396","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"key":"5297_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.120165","volume":"594","author":"B Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang B, Liu F, Xiang J, He Y, Zhang Z, Cheng Z, Liu W, Tan S (2021) A critical review of spray-dried amorphous pharmaceuticals: synthesis, analysis and application. Int J Pharm 594:120165","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"5297_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2019.05.009","volume":"70","author":"C Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang C, Cai Z, Wang W, Wei M, Kou D, Li T, Yang Z, Guo H et al (2019) Piperine attenuates cognitive impairment in an experimental mouse model of sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Nutr Biochem 70:147\u2013155","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"5297_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.07.029","volume":"1639","author":"H Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang H, Liu J, Gao G, Wu X, Wang X, Yang H (2016) Protection effect of piperine and piperlonguminine from Piper longum L. alkaloids against rotenone-induced neuronal injury. Brain Res 1639:214\u2013227","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-020-00376-6","volume":"15","author":"W Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang W, Zhao F, Ma X, Perry G, Zhu X (2020) Mitochondria dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: recent advances. Mol Neurodegener 15(1):30","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"5297_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2022.111138","volume":"333","author":"X Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang X, Zhao Z (2022) Improved encapsulation capacity of casein micelles with modified structure. J Food Eng 333:111138","journal-title":"J Food Eng"},{"key":"5297_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang Y, Shi Y, Wei H (2017) Calcium dysregulation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a target for new drug development. J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 7(5).","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0460.1000374"},{"key":"5297_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12080732","author":"J Weng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Weng J, Tong HHY, Chow SF (2020) In vitro release study of the polymeric drug nanoparticles: development and validation of a novel method. Pharmaceutics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics12080732","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"5297_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4449","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S208332","volume":"14","author":"H Yavarpour-Bali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yavarpour-Bali H, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Pirzadeh M (2019) Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles: a novel therapeutic strategy in treatment of central nervous system disorders. Int J Nanomedicine 14:4449\u20134460","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"5297_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3109\/1061186X.2012.747529","volume":"21","author":"M Yusuf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yusuf M, Khan M, Khan RA, Ahmed B (2013) Preparation, characterization, in vivo and biochemical evaluation of brain targeted piperine solid lipid nanoparticles in an experimentally induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease model. J Drug Target 21(3):300\u2013311","journal-title":"J Drug Target"},{"issue":"2","key":"5297_CR78","volume":"88","author":"E Zaini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zaini E, Afriyani L, Fitriani F, Ismed AH, Uekusa H (2020) Improved solubility and dissolution rates in novel multicomponent crystals of piperine with succinic acid. Scient Pharm 88(2):21","journal-title":"Scient Pharm"},{"issue":"10","key":"5297_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202003937","volume":"8","author":"W Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang W, Mehta A, Tong Z, Esser L, Voelcker NH (2021) Development of polymeric nanoparticles for blood-brain barrier transfer-strategies and challenges. Adv Sci 8(10):2003937","journal-title":"Adv Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"5297_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.132523","volume":"271","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Meng Y, Wang S, Zu Y, Zhao X (2024) Exploring pectin-casein micelles as novel carriers for oral drug delivery of artesunate in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Int J Biol Macromol 271(Pt 1):132523","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"5297_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/316523","volume":"2013","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Zhao B (2013) Oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2013:316523","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01554-y","volume":"20","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Jia R, Li J, Tian X, Qian Y (2022) Curcumin- and resveratrol-co-loaded nanoparticles in synergistic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 20(1):339","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"issue":"1","key":"5297_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01839-8","volume":"9","author":"Y Zong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zong Y, Li H, Liao P, Chen L, Pan Y, Zheng Y, Zhang C, Liu D et al (2024) Mitochondrial dysfunction: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 9(1):124","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"}],"container-title":["Molecular Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05297-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05297-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05297-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T00:03:41Z","timestamp":1764461021000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05297-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["5297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-025-05297-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-7648","1559-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-7648","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-1182","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"218"}}