{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:20:03Z","timestamp":1790864403536,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Science and Technology Planning Program of Taizhou City","award":["24ywb06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24ywb06"]}]},{"name":"the Meidcal and Health Research Projet of Zhejiang Province under Grant","award":["2025KY446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025KY446"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017577","name":"Basic Public Welfare Research Program of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LGF19H060004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGF19H060004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017577","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Neurobiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-026-05739-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T20:52:11Z","timestamp":1771275131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Glaucocalyxin A Promotes Spinal Cord Repair By Nrf2\/HO-1 Pathway Activation to Suppress AIM2 Inflammasome Formation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Ze","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhang","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binbin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaxing","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenghua","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"5739_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2021.02.004","volume":"39","author":"I Eli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eli I, Lerner DP, Ghogawala Z (2021) Acute traumatic spinal cord injury. Neurol Clin 39:471\u2013488","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"5739_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17018","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.18","volume":"3","author":"CS Ahuja","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ahuja CS, Wilson JR, Nori S, Kotter MRN, Druschel C, Curt A, Fehlings MG (2017) Traumatic spinal cord injury. Nat Rev Dis Primers 3:17018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"5739_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000001392","volume":"30","author":"S Izzy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Izzy S (2024) Traumatic spinal cord injury. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 30:53\u201372","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"key":"5739_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00366-6","volume":"22","author":"JAG Crispo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Crispo JAG, Kuramoto LK, Cragg JJ (2023) Global burden of spinal cord injury: future directions. Lancet Neurol 22:976\u2013978","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"5739_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyw080","volume":"80","author":"CS Ahuja","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ahuja CS, Nori S, Tetreault L, Wilson J, Kwon B, Harrop J, Choi D, Fehlings MG (2017) Traumatic spinal cord injury-repair and regeneration. Neurosurgery 80:S9-s22","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"5739_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20170048","volume":"75","author":"C Rouanet","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rouanet C, Reges D, Rocha E, Gagliardi V, Silva GS (2017) Traumatic spinal cord injury: current concepts and treatment update. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 75:387\u2013393","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"5739_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2020.03.003","volume":"31","author":"W Chay","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chay W, Kirshblum S (2020) Predicting outcomes after spinal cord injury. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 31:331\u2013343","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"5739_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.03.052","volume":"1619","author":"HR Sandrow-Feinberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sandrow-Feinberg HR, Houl\u00e9 JD (2015) Exercise after spinal cord injury as an agent for neuroprotection, regeneration and rehabilitation. Brain Res 1619:12\u201321","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"5739_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0120","volume":"37","author":"JCT Chio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chio JCT, Punjani N, Hejrati N, Zavvarian MM, Hong J, Fehlings MG (2022) Extracellular matrix and oxidative stress following traumatic spinal cord injury: physiological and pathophysiological roles and opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Antioxid Redox Signal 37:184\u2013207","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"5739_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02337-2","volume":"18","author":"DJ Hellenbrand","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hellenbrand DJ, Quinn CM, Piper ZJ, Morehouse CN, Fixel JA, Hanna AS (2021) Inflammation after spinal cord injury: a review of the critical timeline of signaling cues and cellular infiltration. J Neuroinflammation 18:284","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"5739_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113143","volume":"325","author":"O Bloom","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bloom O, Herman PE, Spungen AM (2020) Systemic inflammation in traumatic spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 325:113143","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5739_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04290-6","volume":"62","author":"L Xiang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xiang L, Lou J, Zhao J, Geng Y, Zhang J, Wu Y, Zhao Y, Tao Z et al (2025) Underlying mechanism of lysosomal membrane permeabilization in CNS injury: a literature review. Mol Neurobiol 62:626\u2013642","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"5739_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan H, Shi J, Gu C, Yuan J, Huang C, Li X, Zhou K, Qi J (2026) Akkermansia muciniphila: A next-generation gutprobiotic supporting neurorepair and functional recovery. Neural Regen Res 21(8):2957\u20132976","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-25-00701"},{"key":"5739_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.57825","volume":"17","author":"C Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu C, Chen H, Zhuang R, Zhang H, Wang Y, Hu X, Xu Y, Li J et al (2021) Betulinic acid inhibits pyroptosis in spinal cord injury by augmenting autophagy via the AMPK-mTOR-TFEB signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 17:1138\u20131152","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"5739_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Al Mamun A, Yuan Y, Lu Q, Xiong J, Yang S, Wu C, Wu Y et al (2021) Acute spinal cord injury: Pathophysiology and pharmacological intervention (Review). Mol Med Rep 23(6):417","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2021.12056"},{"key":"5739_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2021.1912040","volume":"133","author":"J Kaur","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kaur J, Mojumdar A (2023) A mechanistic overview of spinal cord injury, oxidative DNA damage repair and neuroprotective therapies. Int J Neurosci 133:307\u2013321","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"5739_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2011.068","volume":"49","author":"BK Kwon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kwon BK, Casha S, Hurlbert RJ, Yong VW (2011) Inflammatory and structural biomarkers in acute traumatic spinal cord injury. Clin Chem Lab Med 49:425\u2013433","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"5739_CR18","first-page":"137","volume":"36","author":"S Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin S, Xu C, Lin J, Hu H, Zhang C, Mei X (2021) Regulation of inflammatory cytokines for spinal cord injury recovery. Histol Histopathol 36:137\u2013142","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"5739_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4486","volume":"34","author":"RE von Leden","year":"2017","unstructured":"von Leden RE, Yauger YJ, Khayrullina G, Byrnes KR (2017) Central nervous system injury and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase: oxidative stress and therapeutic targets. J Neurotrauma 34:755\u2013764","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"5739_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s10863-015-9600-5","volume":"48","author":"ED Hall","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hall ED, Wang JA, Bosken JM, Singh IN (2016) Lipid peroxidation in brain or spinal cord mitochondria after injury. J Bioenerg Biomembr 48:169\u2013174","journal-title":"J Bioenerg Biomembr"},{"key":"5739_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anjum A, Yazid MD, Fauzi Daud M, Idris J, Ng AM, Selvi Naicker A, Ismail OH, Athi Kumar RK et al (2020) Spinal cord injury: pathophysiology, multimolecular interactions, and underlying recovery mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 21(20):7533","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207533"},{"key":"5739_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8100195","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8100195","volume":"2022","author":"S Fakhri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fakhri S, Abbaszadeh F, Moradi SZ, Cao H, Khan H, Xiao J (2022) Effects of polyphenols on oxidative stress. inflammation, and interconnected pathways during spinal cord injury. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022:8100195","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"5739_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-025-03606-0","volume":"22","author":"N Fang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fang N, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang Y, Xu J, Xie Y, Xia X, Wu Y et al (2025) SIK2 mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in spinal cord injury: modulating oxidative stress and the AIM2 inflammasome via CRTC1\/CREB signaling. J Neuroinflammation 22:283","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"1","key":"5739_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010199","volume":"24","author":"S Silvestro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Silvestro S, Mazzon E (2022) Nrf2 Activation: involvement in central nervous system traumatic injuries. a promising therapeutic target of natural compounds. Int J Mol Sci 24(1):199","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"5739_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-011112-140320","volume":"53","author":"Q Ma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ma Q (2013) Role of nrf2 in oxidative stress and toxicity. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 53:401\u2013426","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"5739_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3578","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-9910-6","volume":"54","author":"H Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar H, Ropper AE, Lee SH, Han I (2017) Propitious therapeutic modulators to prevent blood-spinal cord barrier disruption in spinal cord injury. Mol Neurobiol 54:3578\u20133590","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"5739_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2223-0","volume":"73","author":"A Loboda","year":"2016","unstructured":"Loboda A, Damulewicz M, Pyza E, Jozkowicz A, Dulak J (2016) Role of Nrf2\/HO-1 system in development, oxidative stress response and diseases: an evolutionarily conserved mechanism. Cell Mol Life Sci 73:3221\u20133247","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"issue":"22","key":"5739_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5474","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25225474","volume":"25","author":"S Saha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saha S, Buttari B, Panieri E, Profumo E, Saso L (2020) An Overview of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Its Role in Inflammation. Molecules 25(22):5474","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"5739_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.08.004","volume":"28","author":"A Al Mamun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al Mamun A, Wu Y, Monalisa I, Jia C, Zhou K, Munir F, Xiao J (2021) Role of pyroptosis in spinal cord injury and its therapeutic implications. J Adv Res 28:97\u2013109","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"5739_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.227","volume":"34","author":"JP de Rivero Vaccari","year":"2014","unstructured":"de Rivero Vaccari JP, Dietrich WD, Keane RW (2014) Activation and regulation of cellular inflammasomes: gaps in our knowledge for central nervous system injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 34:369\u2013375","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"5739_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7347","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-025-02009-0","volume":"33","author":"A Darabniya","year":"2025","unstructured":"Darabniya A (2025) The forgotten inflammasomes: AIM2, NLRP1, and NLRC4 in spinal cord injury and neuroinflammation. Inflammopharmacology 33:7347\u20137351","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"5739_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.58","volume":"16","author":"P Broz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Broz P, Dixit VM (2016) Inflammasomes: mechanism of assembly, regulation and signalling. Nat Rev Immunol 16:407\u2013420","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"5739_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5160","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26287","volume":"233","author":"K Mortezaee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mortezaee K, Khanlarkhani N, Beyer C, Zendedel A (2018) Inflammasome: its role in traumatic brain and spinal cord injury. J Cell Physiol 233:5160\u20135169","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"5739_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949939","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2022.949939","volume":"16","author":"J Yin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yin J, Gong G, Wan W, Liu X (2022) Pyroptosis in spinal cord injury. Front Cell Neurosci 16:949939","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"5739_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2906210","volume":"29","author":"G Gu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gu G, Yu H, Zou H, Kou W, Zhang P, Gu G, Lu J, Shi W et al (2024) Pyroptosis in spinal cord injury: implications for pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 29:210","journal-title":"Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)"},{"key":"5739_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.45467","volume":"16","author":"X Hu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hu X, Chen H, Xu H, Wu Y, Wu C, Jia C, Li Y, Sheng S et al (2020) Role of pyroptosis in traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Int J Biol Sci 16:2042\u20132050","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"5739_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2014.934235","volume":"28","author":"Z Xiang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xiang Z, Wu X, Liu X, Jin Y (2014) Glaucocalyxin A: a review. Nat Prod Res 28:2221\u20132236","journal-title":"Nat Prod Res"},{"key":"5739_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6516246","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6516246","volume":"2022","author":"W Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu W, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wu H (2022) Glaucocalyxin A Attenuates IL-1\u03b2-induced inflammatory response and cartilage degradation in Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes via inhibiting the activation of NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. Dis Markers 2022:6516246","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"5739_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106271","volume":"81","author":"X Hou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hou X, Xu G, Wang Z, Zhan X, Li H, Li R, Shi W, Wang C et al (2020) Glaucocalyxin A alleviates LPS-mediated septic shock and inflammation via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Int Immunopharmacol 81:106271","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"5739_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2021.06.023","volume":"34","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Liu J, Duan H, Li R, Peng W, Wu C (2021) Activation of Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling: an important molecular mechanism of herbal medicine in the treatment of atherosclerosis via the protection of vascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress. J Adv Res 34:43\u201363","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"5739_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6644751","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6644751","volume":"2021","author":"Y Piao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Piao Y, Jiang J, Wang Z, Wang C, Jin S, Li L, Li L, Piao H et al (2021) Glaucocalyxin a attenuates allergic responses by inhibiting mast cell degranulation through p38MAPK\/NrF2\/HO-1 and HMGB1\/TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathways. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021:6644751","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"5739_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1995.12.1","volume":"12","author":"DM Basso","year":"1995","unstructured":"Basso DM, Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC (1995) A sensitive and reliable locomotor rating scale for open field testing in rats. J Neurotrauma 12:1\u201321","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"5739_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu Y, Geng Z, Sun Y, Zhu G, Xiao L, Wang Z, Li B, Liu X et al (2024) Complanatuside A improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury through inhibiting JNK signaling-mediated microglial activation. Eur J Pharmacol 965:176287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.176287"},{"key":"5739_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016559","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.1016559","volume":"15","author":"D Xie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xie D, Deng T, Zhai Z, Sun T, Xu Y (2022) The cellular model for Alzheimer\u2019s disease research: PC12 cells. Front Mol Neurosci 15:1016559","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"5739_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2007.01805.x","volume":"192","author":"RH Westerink","year":"2008","unstructured":"Westerink RH, Ewing AG (2008) The PC12 cell as model for neurosecretion. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 192:273\u2013285","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf)"},{"key":"5739_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tominami K, Kudo TA, Noguchi T, Hayashi Y, Luo YR, Tanaka T, Matsushita A, Izumi S et al (2024) Physical stimulation methods developed for in vitro neuronal differentiation studies of PC12 cells: a comprehensive review. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25020772","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25020772"},{"key":"5739_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157280","volume":"148","author":"Y Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang Y, Luo W, Shen S, Zhuang Y, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Meng Y et al (2025) Glaucocalyxin A induces autophagy-mediated ferroptosis by targeting PRDX1 and TXNRD1 proteins in non-small cell lung cancer. Phytomedicine 148:157280","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"5739_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6556","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-91358-5","volume":"15","author":"T Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou T, Ye Y, Chen W, Wang Y, Ding L, Liu Y, Luo L, Wei L et al (2025) Glaucocalyxin A alleviates ulcerative colitis by inhibiting PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling. Sci Rep 15:6556","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5739_CR49","first-page":"777","volume":"99","author":"PM Masliukov","year":"2013","unstructured":"Masliukov PM, Porseva VV, Korzina MV, Nozdrachev AD (2013) Neurochemical properties of sensory neurons in the development. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 99:777\u2013792","journal-title":"Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova"},{"issue":"4","key":"5739_CR50","first-page":"958","volume":"9","author":"B Wiatrak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wiatrak B, Kubis-Kubiak A, Piwowar A, Barg E (2020) PC12 Cell Line: Cell Types. Coating of Culture Vessels, Differentiation and Other Culture Conditions 9(4):958","journal-title":"Coating of Culture Vessels, Differentiation and Other Culture Conditions"},{"key":"5739_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.147981","volume":"330","author":"Z Zou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zou Z, Yang X, An G, Shi Z, Wang K, You C (2025) miR-218a-5p derived from neural stem cell-exosomes inhibits ferroptosis in spinal cord injury through the Bmil\/Mettl3\/Alox12 axis. Int J Biol Macromol 330:147981","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"5739_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9122-5","volume":"53","author":"W Duan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Duan W, Zhang YP, Hou Z, Huang C, Zhu H, Zhang CQ, Yin Q (2016) Novel insights into NeuN: from neuronal marker to splicing regulator. Mol Neurobiol 53:1637\u20131647","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"5739_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12296","volume":"265","author":"SM Man","year":"2015","unstructured":"Man SM, Kanneganti TD (2015) Regulation of inflammasome activation. Immunol Rev 265:6\u201321","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"5739_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2024.115280","volume":"476","author":"P Sethi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sethi P, Mehan S, Khan Z, Maurya PK, Kumar N, Kumar A, Tiwari A, Sharma T et al (2025) The SIRT-1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 axis: guardians of neuronal health in neurological disorders. Behav Brain Res 476:115280","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"5739_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.06.008","volume":"97","author":"MJ Eckert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eckert MJ, Martin MJ (2017) Trauma: spinal cord injury. Surg Clin North Am 97:1031\u20131045","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"5739_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07603-1","volume":"359","author":"JW McDonald","year":"2002","unstructured":"McDonald JW, Sadowsky C (2002) Spinal-cord injury. Lancet 359:417\u2013425","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"5739_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112698","volume":"20","author":"F Cofano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cofano F, Boido M, Monticelli M, Zenga F, Ducati A, Vercelli A, Garbossa D (2019) Mesenchymal stem cells for spinal cord injury: current options, limitations, and future of cell therapy. Int J Mol Sci 20(11):2698","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"5739_CR58","first-page":"463","volume":"37","author":"L Guha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guha L, Kumar H (2023) Drug repurposing for spinal cord injury: progress towards therapeutic intervention for primary factors and secondary complications. Pharmaceut Med 37:463\u2013490","journal-title":"Pharmaceut Med"},{"key":"5739_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001695","volume":"37","author":"BA Sherrod","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sherrod BA, Porche K, Condie CK, Dailey AT (2024) Pharmacologic therapy for spinal cord injury. Clin Spine Surg 37:433\u2013439","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"5739_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2004.06.020","volume":"190","author":"KJ Whittlesey","year":"2004","unstructured":"Whittlesey KJ, Shea LD (2004) Delivery systems for small molecule drugs, proteins, and DNA: the neuroscience\/biomaterial interface. Exp Neurol 190:1\u201316","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"5739_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0752rev","volume":"17","author":"MS Cooke","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cooke MS, Evans MD, Dizdaroglu M, Lunec J (2003) Oxidative DNA damage: mechanisms, mutation, and disease. FASEB J 17:1195\u20131214","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"5739_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.25221","volume":"101","author":"M Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu M, Wang Z, Wang D, Aierxi M, Ma Z, Wang Y (2023) Oxidative stress following spinal cord injury: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic targets. J Neurosci Res 101:1538\u20131554","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"5739_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.116.237503","volume":"360","author":"S Salim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Salim S (2017) Oxidative stress and the central nervous system. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 360:201\u2013205","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"5739_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2014.178","volume":"53","author":"G Fatima","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fatima G, Sharma VP, Das SK, Mahdi AA (2015) Oxidative stress and antioxidative parameters in patients with spinal cord injury: implications in the pathogenesis of disease. Spinal Cord 53:3\u20136","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"5739_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2007.01.013","volume":"54","author":"A Conti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Conti A, Miscusi M, Cardali S, German\u00f2 A, Suzuki H, Cuzzocrea S, Tomasello F (2007) Nitric oxide in the injured spinal cord: synthases cross-talk, oxidative stress and inflammation. Brain Res Rev 54:205\u2013218","journal-title":"Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"5739_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dash UC, Bhol NK, Swain SK, Samal RR, Nayak PK, Raina V, Panda SK, Kerry RG et al (2025) Oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders: mechanisms and implications. Acta Pharm Sin B 15:15\u201334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2024.10.004"},{"key":"5739_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1119591","volume":"14","author":"J Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen J, Shen Y, Shao X, Wu W (2023) An emerging role of inflammasomes in spinal cord injury and spinal cord tumor. Front Immunol 14:1119591","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"5739_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2015.05.003","volume":"167","author":"JP de Rivero Vaccari","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Rivero Vaccari JP, Dietrich WD, Keane RW (2016) Therapeutics targeting the inflammasome after central nervous system injury. Transl Res 167:35\u201345","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"key":"5739_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao X, Chen XY, Dong YH, Dong HR, Zhou LN, Ding YQ, Chen G, Zhao JL et al (2023) Pre-treatment of rapamycin transformed M2 microglia alleviates traumatic cervical spinal cord injury via AIM2 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 121:110394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110394"},{"key":"5739_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2023.10.011","volume":"535","author":"E Kharazinejad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kharazinejad E, Hassanzadeh G, Sahebkar A, Yousefi B, Reza Sameni H, Majidpoor J, Golchini E, Taghdiri Nooshabadi V et al (2023) The comparative effects of Schwann cells and Wharton\u2019s jelly mesenchymal stem cells on the AIM2 inflammasome activity in an experimental model of spinal cord injury. Neuroscience 535:1\u201312","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"5739_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6101","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-03936-9","volume":"61","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Y, Fang N, Wang Y, Geng Y, Li Y (2024) Activating MC4R promotes functional recovery by repressing oxidative stress-mediated AIM2 activation post-spinal cord injury. Mol Neurobiol 61:6101\u20136118","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5739_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13217","volume":"136","author":"LC Freeman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Freeman LC, Ting JP (2016) The pathogenic role of the inflammasome in neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurochem 136(Suppl 1):29\u201338","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"5739_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2024.111258","volume":"403","author":"H Cai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cai H, Gao M, Xu T, Li K, Zhou Y, Lyu C, Xu S (2024) Silicon dioxide particles induce DNA oxidative damage activating the AIM2-mediated PANoptosis in mice cerebellum. Chem Biol Interact 403:111258","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"5739_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01477-6","volume":"8","author":"X Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu X, Xu W, Ren Y, Wang Z, He X, Huang R, Ma B, Zhao J et al (2023) Spinal cord injury: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 8:245","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"5739_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.025833","volume":"9","author":"J Kjell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kjell J, Olson L (2016) Rat models of spinal cord injury: from pathology to potential therapies. Dis Model Mech 9:1125\u20131137","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"}],"container-title":["Molecular Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05739-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05739-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05739-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T22:02:27Z","timestamp":1771279347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05739-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["5739"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05739-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-7648","1559-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-7648","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-1182","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All experimental protocols involving animals received prior approval from the Ethics Committee of Taizhou Hospital (Approval code: TZY-2022152) and conformed to the ARRIVE guidelines for the documentation of animal studies. Clinical trial number: not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"441"}}