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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been studied recently as potential therapeutic approaches for AD. In this study, we examined the function and underlying mechanism of microRNA-25802 (miR-25802), a newly discovered miRNA in an AD model. In order to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and neuroinflammation in neuroblastoma cells, four experimental groups were created: control group (neuroblastoma cells, SH-SY5Y), amyloid beta (A\u03b2)-induced neuroblastoma cells (SY5Y-A\u03b2), small extracellular vesicles (sEVs)-only group and miR-25802\u2013loaded small extracellular vesicles (sEV-miR25802) administered group. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, tau hyperphosphorylation, and A\u03b2 accumulation were evaluated in A\u03b2-induced neuroblastoma cells. Oxidative stress was analyzed by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1). Inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA levels, a neurotrophic factor, were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Neurofilament light chain (NfL), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and cytochrome c (Cyt-c), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and dynamin-1-like protein (DNM1L) protein levels were determined by ELISA. Mechanistically, sEV-miR25802 were shown to provide anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects by regulating neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. These findings reveal the regulatory role of miR-25802 on neuroinflammation, mitochondrial damage, and oxidative stress and suggest that it may be a potential therapeutic target for AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-026-05889-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T23:21:03Z","timestamp":1776900063000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Delivery of miR-25802 via Small Vesicles Protects Against Mitochondrial Injury, Oxidative Stress, and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Hamit","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elif","family":"Dalk\u0131l\u0131n\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eeyma","family":"Ayd\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O\u011fuz","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sefa","family":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Topal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramazan","family":"Akay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinan","family":"G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa Onur","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00fclent","family":"Al\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sel\u00e7uk","family":"\u00d6zdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"5889_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01104-7","volume":"25","author":"MT Heneka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Heneka MT, van der Flier WM, Jessen F, Hoozemanns J, Thal DR, Boche D et al (2025) Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer disease. 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