{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T00:37:03Z","timestamp":1777768623165,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81874428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81874428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Neurobiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-026-05896-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T13:37:00Z","timestamp":1777469820000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mitochondria-Related Genome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Putatively Genes for Chronic Fatigue"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Zehan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuoyang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heting","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"5896_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143970","volume":"10","author":"K James","year":"2015","unstructured":"James K et al (2015) A transcriptional signature of fatigue derived from patients with Primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome. PLoS One 10(12):e0143970","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"5896_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1177\/1054773813492998","volume":"23","author":"J Barroso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barroso J et al (2014) Intensity, chronicity, circumstances, and consequences of HIV-related fatigue: a longitudinal study. Clin Nurs Res 23(5):514\u201328","journal-title":"Clin Nurs Res"},{"key":"5896_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041154","author":"C Vollbracht","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vollbracht C, Kraft K (2021) Feasibility of vitamin C in the treatment of post viral fatigue with focus on long COVID, based on a systematic review of IV vitamin C on fatigue. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13041154","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"5896_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1159\/000328004","volume":"33","author":"M Jhamb","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jhamb M et al (2011) Impact of fatigue on outcomes in the hemodialysis (HEMO) study. Am J Nephrol 33(6):515\u2013523","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-024-00360-w","volume":"15","author":"Y Xiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiao Y et al (2024) Mediterranean diet in the targeted prevention and personalized treatment of chronic diseases: evidence, potential mechanisms, and prospects. EPMA J 15(2):207\u2013220","journal-title":"EPMA J"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-022-00281-6","volume":"13","author":"L Koklesova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koklesova L et al (2022) Mitochondrial health quality control: measurements and interpretation in the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine. EPMA J 13(2):177\u2013193","journal-title":"EPMA J"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"S Myhill","year":"2009","unstructured":"Myhill S, Booth NE, McLaren-Howard J (2009) Chronic fatigue syndrome and mitochondrial dysfunction. Int J Clin Exp Med 2(1):1\u201316","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"5896_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58030419","author":"KJ Wirth","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wirth KJ, Scheibenbogen C (2022) Dyspnea in post-COVID syndrome following mild acute COVID-19 infections: potential causes and consequences for a therapeutic approach. Medicina (Kaunas). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina58030419","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5896_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S32","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.1938046.023","volume":"23","author":"SS Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park SS et al (2019) Treadmill exercise ameliorates chemotherapy-induced muscle weakness and central fatigue by enhancing mitochondrial function and inhibiting apoptosis. Int Neurourol J 23(Suppl 1):S32-39","journal-title":"Int Neurourol J"},{"issue":"3","key":"5896_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0b013e318263f514","volume":"36","author":"CP Hsiao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hsiao CP et al (2013) Mitochondria-related gene expression changes are associated with fatigue in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer receiving external beam radiation therapy. Cancer Nurs 36(3):189\u201397","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs"},{"key":"5896_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6703","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S203317","volume":"11","author":"CP Hsiao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hsiao CP et al (2019) Relationships between expression of BCS1L, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and fatigue among patients with prostate cancer. Cancer Manag Res 11:6703\u20136717","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800411423307","volume":"15","author":"JG Voss","year":"2013","unstructured":"Voss JG et al (2013) Fatigue-related gene networks identified in CD14+ cells isolated from HIV-infected patients: part II: statistical analysis. Biol Res Nurs 15(2):152\u2013159.","journal-title":"Biol Res Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-014-0330-3","volume":"14","author":"JW Bargsten","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bargsten JW et al (2014) Prioritization of candidate genes in QTL regions based on associations between traits and biological processes. BMC Plant Biol 14:330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12870-014-0330-3","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5896_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.29018","volume":"10","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Y et al (2019) Combining red blood cell distribution width (RDW-CV) and CEA predict poor prognosis for survival outcomes in colorectal cancer. J Cancer 10(5):1162\u20131170","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"5896_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.142998","volume":"310","author":"W Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang W et al (2025) Development and functional evaluation of curcumin-loaded zein-gum Arabic-flaxseed gum complex nanoparticles for anti-fatigue applications. Int J Biol Macromol 310(Pt 1):142998","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02363-8","volume":"20","author":"C Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang C et al (2022) Comprehensive and integrative analyses identify TYW5 as a schizophrenia risk gene. BMC Med 20(1):169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-022-02363-8","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03377-9","volume":"20","author":"BS Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu BS et al (2022) Identifying causal genes for stroke via integrating the proteome and transcriptome from brain and blood. J Transl Med 20(1):181","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"D1","key":"5896_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1541","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1011","volume":"49","author":"S Rath","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rath S et al (2021) MitoCarta3.0: an updated mitochondrial proteome now with sub-organelle localization and pathway annotations. Nucleic Acids Res 49(D1):D1541-d1547","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"5896_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjz021","volume":"13","author":"AA Potdar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Potdar AA et al (2019) Ileal gene expression data from Crohn\u2019s Disease small bowel resections indicate distinct clinical subgroups. J Crohns Colitis 13(8):1055\u20131066","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5896_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.70","volume":"23","author":"V Deary","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deary V et al (2018) Genetic contributions to self-reported tiredness. Mol Psychiatry 23(3):789\u2013790","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06755-9","volume":"7","author":"X Qiu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiu X et al (2024) Mendelian randomization reveals potential causal relationships between cellular senescence-related genes and multiple cancer risks. Commun Biol 7(1):1069","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01334-0","volume":"3","author":"YF Pei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pei YF et al (2020) The genetic architecture of appendicular lean mass characterized by association analysis in the UK Biobank study. Commun Biol 3(1):608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-020-01334-0","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"issue":"21","key":"5896_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3680","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddz193","volume":"28","author":"X Han","year":"2019","unstructured":"Han X et al (2019) Genome-wide association analysis of 95 549 individuals identifies novel loci and genes influencing optic disc morphology. Hum Mol Genet 28(21):3680\u20133690","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20851-4","volume":"12","author":"P Gharahkhani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gharahkhani P et al (2021) Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 127 open-angle glaucoma loci with consistent effect across ancestries. Nat Commun 12(1):1258","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-0692-2","volume":"10","author":"L Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang L et al (2020) Symptom improvement in children with autism spectrum disorder following bumetanide administration is associated with decreased GABA\/glutamate ratios. Transl Psychiatry 10(1):9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-020-0692-2","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"5896_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2018.09.009","volume":"103","author":"S Ligthart","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ligthart S et al (2018) Genome analyses of >200,000 individuals identify 58 loci for chronic inflammation and highlight pathways that link inflammation and complex disorders. Am J Hum Genet 103(5):691\u2013706","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2016.10.014","volume":"4","author":"GM Calabrese","year":"2017","unstructured":"Calabrese GM et al (2017) Integrating GWAS and co-expression network data identifies bone mineral density genes SPTBN1 and MARK3 and an osteoblast functional module. Cell Syst 4(1):46-59.e4","journal-title":"Cell Syst"},{"issue":"11","key":"5896_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-025-04525-y","volume":"57","author":"L Song","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song L et al (2025) Identification of druggable genetic targets for prostate cancer risk based on Mendelian randomization and single-cell RNA sequencing. Int Urol Nephrol 57(11):3583\u20133594","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"5896_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.41673","author":"K Alasoo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alasoo K et al (2019) Genetic effects on promoter usage are highly context-specific and contribute to complex traits. Elife. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.41673","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"5896_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2024.1447872","volume":"15","author":"S Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen S et al (2024) Integrative multi-omics summary-based Mendelian randomization identifies key oxidative stress-related genes as therapeutic targets for atrial fibrillation and flutter. Front Genet 15:1447872","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"5896_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.30123","author":"Z Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang Z et al (2025) Mitochondria-related genome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies putatively causal genes for neurodegenerative diseases. Mov Disord. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.30123","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"5896_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0463-7","volume":"22","author":"MS Breen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Breen MS et al (2019) Global landscape and genetic regulation of RNA editing in cortical samples from individuals with schizophrenia. Nat Neurosci 22(9):1402\u20131412","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-024-03576-y","volume":"317","author":"W Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu W et al (2024) Causal relationships between skin microbiome and pathological scars: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. Arch Dermatol Res 317(1):139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-024-03576-y","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"5896_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14050920","author":"K Xia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xia K et al (2022) Dietary-derived essential nutrients and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: a two-sample mendelian randomization study. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14050920","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-024-07077-8","volume":"24","author":"F Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang F et al (2024) Systematic druggable genome-wide mendelian randomization identifies therapeutic targets for hyperemesis gravidarum. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 24(1):848","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"16","key":"5896_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3443","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-20-0985","volume":"80","author":"SH Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin SH, Brown DW, Machiela MJ (2020) LDtrait: an online tool for identifying published phenotype associations in linkage disequilibrium. Cancer Res 80(16):3443\u20133446","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"5896_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12041405","author":"X Wan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wan X et al (2023) Does having Rheumatoid Arthritis increase the dose of depression medications? A mendelian randomization study. J Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12041405","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"5896_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.597876","volume":"11","author":"Z Cui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cui Z et al (2020) Type 2 diabetes and glycemic traits are not causal factors of osteoarthritis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Genet 11:597876","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87859-8","volume":"11","author":"YJ van de Vegte","year":"2021","unstructured":"van de Vegte YJ et al (2021) Atrial fibrillation and left atrial size and function: a mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 11(1):8431","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"5896_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007081","volume":"13","author":"G Hemani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hemani G, Tilling K, Davey Smith G (2017) Orienting the causal relationship between imprecisely measured traits using GWAS summary data. PLoS Genet 13(11):e1007081","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"9","key":"5896_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.038035","volume":"53","author":"R Molenberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Molenberg R et al (2022) Sex hormones and risk of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a Mendelian randomization study. Stroke 53(9):2870\u20132875","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"11","key":"5896_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009922","volume":"17","author":"Z Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin Z, Deng Y, Pan W (2021) Combining the strengths of inverse-variance weighting and Egger regression in Mendelian randomization using a mixture of regressions model. PLoS Genet 17(11):e1009922","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"5896_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21965","volume":"40","author":"J Bowden","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bowden J et al (2016) Consistent estimation in Mendelian randomization with some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator. Genet Epidemiol 40(4):304\u201314","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv080","volume":"44","author":"J Bowden","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bowden J, Davey Smith G, Burgess S (2015) Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression. Int J Epidemiol 44(2):512\u2013525","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02443-9","volume":"19","author":"MH Dong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dong MH et al (2022) CSF sTREM2 in neurological diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. J Neuroinflammation 19(1):79. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-022-02443-9","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"7","key":"5896_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-020-0631-4","volume":"52","author":"J Morrison","year":"2020","unstructured":"Morrison J et al (2020) Mendelian randomization accounting for correlated and uncorrelated pleiotropic effects using genome-wide summary statistics. Nat Genet 52(7):740\u2013747","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"5896_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15041057","author":"M Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang M et al (2023) No evidence of a genetic causal relationship between Ankylosing Spondylitis and gut microbiota: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15041057","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"5896_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3596","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.205547","volume":"16","author":"K Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang K et al (2024) Causal relationship between gut microbiota and risk of esophageal cancer: evidence from Mendelian randomization study. Aging (Albany NY) 16(4):3596\u20133611","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"5896_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S531797","volume":"20","author":"W Liao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liao W et al (2025) Association between platelet indices and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 20:2967\u20132977","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"5896_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.667097","volume":"12","author":"K Xiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiang K et al (2021) Causal effects of gut microbiome on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 12:667097","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.036632","volume":"92","author":"P Rasmussen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rasmussen P, Secher NH, Petersen NT (2007) Understanding central fatigue: where to go? Exp Physiol 92(2):369\u2013370","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"5896_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2024.110951","volume":"212","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y et al (2024) Replicating human characteristics: a promising animal model of central fatigue. Brain Res Bull 212:110951","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"18","key":"5896_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3069","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv313","volume":"31","author":"M Yoo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yoo M et al (2015) DSigDB: drug signatures database for gene set analysis. Bioinformatics 31(18):3069\u201371","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"D1","key":"5896_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1265","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad976","volume":"52","author":"C Knox","year":"2024","unstructured":"Knox C et al (2024) DrugBank 6.0: the DrugBank Knowledgebase for 2024. Nucleic Acids Res 52(D1):D1265-d1275","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e12666","volume":"9","author":"R Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo R et al (2023) Xanthine oxidase, a therapeutic target of realgar for non-small cell lung cancer. Heliyon 9(1):e12666","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"W1","key":"5896_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W159","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac394","volume":"50","author":"Y Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Y et al (2022) CB-Dock2: improved protein-ligand blind docking by integrating cavity detection, docking and homologous template fitting. Nucleic Acids Res 50(W1):W159-w164","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"21","key":"5896_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7224","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v10.i21.7224","volume":"10","author":"Z Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Z et al (2022) Molecular mechanisms of Biyu decoction as treatment for psoriasis: a network pharmacology and molecular docking study. World J Clin Cases 10(21):7224\u20137241","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"issue":"7877","key":"5896_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03855-y","volume":"597","author":"Q Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Q et al (2021) Rare variant contribution to human disease in 281,104 UK Biobank exomes. Nature 597(7877):527\u2013532","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-022-00381-4","volume":"16","author":"A Chignon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chignon A et al (2022) Enhancer promoter interactome and Mendelian randomization identify network of druggable vascular genes in coronary artery disease. Hum Genomics 16(1):8","journal-title":"Hum Genomics"},{"key":"5896_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.34408","author":"G Hemani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hemani G et al (2018) The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome. Elife. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.34408","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"10","key":"5896_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-020-0682-6","volume":"52","author":"J Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng J et al (2020) Phenome-wide Mendelian randomization mapping the influence of the plasma proteome on complex diseases. Nat Genet 52(10):1122\u20131131","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"5896_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02139.x","volume":"41","author":"H Allonen","year":"1977","unstructured":"Allonen H et al (1977) Passage of digoxin into cerebrospinal fluid in man. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 41(3):193\u2013202","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh)"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.2174\/156800911794328510","volume":"11","author":"LR Ferguson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ferguson LR et al (2011) Epigenetic regulation of gene expression as an anticancer drug target. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 11(2):199\u2013212","journal-title":"Curr Cancer Drug Targets"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00696886","volume":"31","author":"JR Wolff","year":"1975","unstructured":"Wolff JR et al (1975) Cerebrovascular ultrastructural alterations after intra-arterial infusions of ouabain, scilla-glycosides, heparin and histamine. Acta Neuropathol 31(1):45\u201358","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-024-00358-4","volume":"15","author":"O Golubnitschaja","year":"2024","unstructured":"Golubnitschaja O et al (2024) Mini-encyclopedia of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals protecting health in primary and secondary care-clinically relevant 3PM innovation. Epma j 15(2):163\u2013205","journal-title":"Epma j"},{"issue":"4","key":"5896_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-024-00386-0","volume":"15","author":"M Pesta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pesta M et al (2024) Mitochondria-based holistic 3PM approach as the \u201cgame-changer\u201d for individualised rehabilitation-the proof-of-principle model by treated breast cancer survivors. EPMA J 15(4):559\u2013571","journal-title":"EPMA J"},{"key":"5896_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00030","volume":"13","author":"XY Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao XY et al (2019) Mitochondrial dysfunction in neural injury. Front Neurosci 13:30","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"5896_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14051011","author":"YJ Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen YJ et al (2022) Anti-fatigue and exercise performance improvement effect of Glossogyne tenuifolia extract in mice. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14051011","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"5896_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbacli.2014.04.001","volume":"1","author":"K Filler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Filler K et al (2014) Association of mitochondrial dysfunction and fatigue: a review of the literature. BBA Clin 1:12\u201323","journal-title":"BBA Clin"},{"issue":"18","key":"5896_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14644","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.261875","volume":"287","author":"A Al-Tawashi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Al-Tawashi A et al (2012) Protein implicated in nonsyndromic mental retardation regulates protein kinase A (PKA) activity. J Biol Chem 287(18):14644\u201358","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.12.012","volume":"17","author":"B Egan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Egan B, Zierath JR (2013) Exercise metabolism and the molecular regulation of skeletal muscle adaptation. Cell Metab 17(2):162\u201384","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"5896_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S1937-6448(10)83005-9","volume":"283","author":"P Skroblin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Skroblin P et al (2010) Mechanisms of protein kinase A anchoring. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 283:235\u2013330","journal-title":"Int Rev Cell Mol Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5896_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/21592780.2014.943597","volume":"4","author":"TA Mason","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mason TA, Goldenring JR, Kolobova E (2014) AKAP350C targets to mitochondria via a novel amphipathic alpha helical domain. Cell Logist 4(3):e943597","journal-title":"Cell Logist"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2586","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2017.17","volume":"8","author":"S Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang S et al (2017) Knockout of Eva1a leads to rapid development of heart failure by impairing autophagy. Cell Death Dis 8(2):e2586","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"5896_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101564","volume":"23","author":"S Bhaskar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bhaskar S et al (2020) Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase specifies early neural commitment by modulating mitochondrial dynamics. iScience 23(10):101564","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"5896_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2014.08.014","volume":"103","author":"SJ Beebe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beebe SJ (2015) Considering effects of nanosecond pulsed electric fields on proteins. Bioelectrochemistry 103:52\u201359","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"issue":"5","key":"5896_CR77","first-page":"8011","volume":"15","author":"Y Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li Y et al (2018) The anti-tumor effects of Mfn2 in breast cancer are dependent on promoter DNA methylation, the P21(Ras) motif and PKA phosphorylation site. Oncol Lett 15(5):8011\u20138018","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"5896_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2213503","volume":"2022","author":"H Mao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mao H et al (2022) Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mitoquinone maintains mitochondrial homeostasis through the Sirt3-dependent pathway to mitigate oxidative damage caused by renal ischemia\/reperfusion. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022:2213503","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"3","key":"5896_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01064.2013","volume":"117","author":"CE Fealy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fealy CE et al (2014) Exercise training decreases activation of the mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein-1 in insulin-resistant human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 117(3):239\u201345","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"5896_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15489","volume":"5","author":"S Park","year":"2015","unstructured":"Park S et al (2015) Defective mitochondrial fission augments NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Sci Rep 5:15489","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"34","key":"5896_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E7150","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1710519114","volume":"114","author":"JG Montoya","year":"2017","unstructured":"Montoya JG et al (2017) Cytokine signature associated with disease severity in chronic fatigue syndrome patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114(34):E7150-e7158","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"5896_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm10030117","author":"LN Al-Eitan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al-Eitan LN et al (2020) Influence of SH2B3, MTHFD1L, GGCX, and ITGB3 gene polymorphisms on the variability on warfarin dosage requirements and susceptibility to CVD in the Jordanian population. J Pers Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm10030117","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"5896_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2019.07.012","volume":"12","author":"ML Eich","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eich ML et al (2019) Expression and role of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 like (MTHFD1L) in bladder cancer. Transl Oncol 12(11):1416\u20131424","journal-title":"Transl Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"5896_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.05.009","volume":"58","author":"LM Bodnar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bodnar LM, Wisner KL (2005) Nutrition and depression: Implications for improving mental health among childbearing-aged women. Biol Psychiatry 58(9):679\u2013685","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"5896_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01102","volume":"10","author":"CLM van Campen","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Campen CLM, Riepma K, Visser FC (2019) Open trial of Vitamin B12 nasal drops in adults with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis\/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Comparison of responders and non-responders. Front Pharmacol 10:1102","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5896_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzaa153","volume":"4","author":"Y Xiu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xiu Y, Field MS (2020) The roles of mitochondrial folate metabolism in supporting mitochondrial DNA synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and cellular function. Curr Dev Nutr 4(10):nzaa153","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"5896_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1111\/jpn.12160","volume":"98","author":"J Lapointe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lapointe J (2014) Mitochondria as promising targets for nutritional interventions aiming to improve performance and longevity of sows. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 98(5):809\u2013821","journal-title":"J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl)"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"5896_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2012.05.001","volume":"198","author":"JI Aguil\u00f3","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aguil\u00f3 JI et al (2012) Cytotoxicity of quinone drugs on highly proliferative human leukemia T cells: reactive oxygen species generation and inactive shortened SOD1 isoform implications. Chem Biol Interact 198(1\u20133):18\u201328","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"5896_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.01013","volume":"10","author":"SA Krupenko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krupenko SA, Horita DA (2019) The role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the function of candidate tumor suppressor ALDH1L1. Front Genet 10:1013","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"5896_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.6.4.3848","volume":"6","author":"RJ Gibson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gibson RJ et al (2007) Velafermin improves gastrointestinal mucositis following irinotecan treatment in tumor-bearing DA rats. Cancer Biol Ther 6(4):541\u20137","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"5896_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-010-0149-3","volume":"16","author":"K Wakana","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wakana K et al (2011) Successful surgical treatment and chemotherapy for ovarian cancer in a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Int J Clin Oncol 16(4):447\u2013449","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5896_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G387","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00054.2019","volume":"317","author":"P Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao P et al (2019) Digoxin improves steatohepatitis with differential involvement of liver cell subsets in mice through inhibition of PKM2 transactivation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 317(4):G387-g397","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5896_CR93","first-page":"462","volume":"1","author":"R McMillan","year":"2012","unstructured":"McMillan R et al (2012) Important recent insights into the genetics and biology of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 1(4):462\u2013465","journal-title":"Ann Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1586\/17512433.2014.884923","volume":"7","author":"JL Cummings","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cummings JL, Zhong K (2014) Repackaging FDA-approved drugs for degenerative diseases: promises and challenges. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 7(2):161\u2013165","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5896_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.3816\/CLC.2005.s.002","volume":"7","author":"HA Wakelee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wakelee HA, Sikic BI (2005) Activity of novel cytotoxic agents in lung cancer: epothilones and topoisomerase I inhibitors. Clin Lung Cancer 7(Suppl 1):S6-12","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"5896_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2022.v12.i3.9","volume":"12","author":"A Colella","year":"2022","unstructured":"Colella A et al (2022) Serum digoxin concentrations in dogs with atrial fibrillation under long term digoxin treatment. Open Vet J 12(3):360\u2013369","journal-title":"Open Vet J"},{"issue":"5","key":"5896_CR97","volume":"14","author":"CK Seguro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Seguro CK, Demory Beckler M, Kesselman MM (2022) Targeting the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in psoriasis and fatigue. Cureus 14(5):e24704","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"5896_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0208078","volume":"84","author":"H Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang H et al (2008) Transmembrane TNF-alpha mediates \u201cforward\u201d and \u201creverse\u201d signaling, inducing cell death or survival via the NF-kappaB pathway in Raji Burkitt lymphoma cells. J Leukoc Biol 84(3):789\u2013797","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5896_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2008.00007.x","volume":"156","author":"JH De Maeyer","year":"2009","unstructured":"De Maeyer JH, Schuurkes JA, Lefebvre RA (2009) Selective desensitization of the 5-HT4 receptor-mediated response in pig atrium but not in stomach. Br J Pharmacol 156(2):362\u201376","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5896_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4285","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06540-3","volume":"9","author":"D Diogo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Diogo D et al (2018) Phenome-wide association studies across large population cohorts support drug target validation. Nat Commun 9(1):4285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-06540-3","journal-title":"Nat Commun"}],"container-title":["Molecular Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05896-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05896-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05896-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:04:13Z","timestamp":1777478653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05896-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["5896"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-026-05896-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-7648","1559-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-7648","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-1182","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All summary statistics used in the MR analysis were obtained from previous studies, which had received ethical approval and individual consent for all the original research included.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate\u00a0"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"596"}}