{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T07:18:53Z","timestamp":1788160733196,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":245,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Neurobiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-026-06152-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T07:07:49Z","timestamp":1788160069000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Gut Microbiota-Astrocyte Axis: New Insights into the Mechanisms of Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Huaqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congjie","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianjun","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoshen","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xixi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongling","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiwen","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonggang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongjiang","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-025-01114-y","volume":"21","author":"D Accili","year":"2025","unstructured":"Accili D, Deng Z, Liu Q (2025) Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 21(7):413\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-025-01114-y","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6152_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.5756","volume":"332","author":"GE Simon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Simon GE, Moise N, Mohr DC (2024) Management of depression in adults: a review. JAMA 332(2):141\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2024.5756","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"6152_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5013","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03083-0","volume":"30","author":"R Bala","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bala R, Handley D, Gillett A, Green H, Bowden J, Wood A, Barroso I, Lewis CM et al (2025) Evidence of bidirectional relationship between type 2 diabetes and depression; a Mendelian randomization study. Mol Psychiatry 30(11):5013\u20135023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-025-03083-0","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"6152_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759499","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.759499","volume":"9","author":"X Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu X, Li Y, Guan L, He X, Zhang H, Zhang J, Li J, Zhong D et al (2022) A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of depression in type 2 diabetes patients in China. Front Med (Lausanne) 9:759499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.759499","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-021-05609-x","volume":"65","author":"N Lindekilde","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lindekilde N, Scheuer SH, Rutters F, Knudsen L, Lasgaard M, Rubin KH, Henriksen JE, Kivim\u00e4ki M et al (2022) Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in psychiatric disorders: an umbrella review with meta-analysis of 245 observational studies from 32 systematic reviews. Diabetologia 65(3):440\u2013456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-021-05609-x","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"6152_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215013192513366","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319251336629","volume":"16","author":"S Ahn","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ahn S, Han G, Beck M, Hsu WL, Towne SD Jr, Smith ML, Ory MG (2025) The burden of comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes: an empirical study using commercial insurance data. J Prim Care Community Health 16:21501319251336628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21501319251336629","journal-title":"J Prim Care Community Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03425-9","volume":"22","author":"AC Gillett","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gillett AC, Hagenaars SP, Handley D, Casanova F, Young KG, Green H, Lewis CM, Tyrrell J (2024) The impact of major depressive disorder on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal cohort study using UK Biobank primary care records. BMC Med 22(1):211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-024-03425-9","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04999-z","volume":"23","author":"Z Feng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feng Z, Tong WK, Zhang X, Tang Z (2023) Prevalence of depression and association with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study based on NHANES 2005\u20132018 data. BMC Psychiatry 23(1):490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-023-04999-z","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"6152_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102982","volume":"79","author":"G Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li G, Yu Y, Lin C, Zheng S, Tu H, Xu W (2025) Association between major depressive disorder or depressive symptoms and the risk of vascular complications among patients with type 2 diabetes, and the mediating role of metabolic biomarkers: an analysis of the UK Biobank cohort. EClinicalMedicine 79:102982. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102982","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.4103\/nrr.Nrr-d-23-01776","volume":"20","author":"L Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang L, Wei J, Liu X, Li D, Pang X, Chen F, Cao H, Lei P (2025) Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline. Neural Regen Res 20(4):990\u20131008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/nrr.Nrr-d-23-01776","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6152_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14077","volume":"29","author":"ZH Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li ZH, Jiang YY, Long CY, Peng Q, Yue RS (2023) The gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: implications for type 2 diabetic cognitive dysfunction. CNS Neurosci Ther 29(Suppl 1):59\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.14077","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2024.07.017","volume":"97","author":"CL Lu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lu CL, Ren J, Cao X (2025) An astroglial basis of major depressive disorder: molecular, cellular, and circuit features. Biol Psychiatry 97(3):217\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2024.07.017","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"6152_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2025.101370","author":"S Lv","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lv S, Shang R, Zhong X, Lu Y, Gao H, Zhang G, Kong L, Yi Y et al (2025) Astrocytes: unveiling their role in the molecular mechanism of natural antidepressants. J Pharm Anal. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpha.2025.101370","journal-title":"J Pharm Anal"},{"issue":"12","key":"6152_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114983","volume":"43","author":"K Yin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yin K, Zhang T, Lu X, Shen Q, Gu K, Huang Y, Li C, Hou J et al (2024) Tak1 licenses mitochondrial transfer from astrocytes to POMC neurons to maintain glucose and cholesterol homeostasis. Cell Rep 43(12):114983. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114983","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"6152_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.05.001","volume":"31","author":"K Timper","year":"2020","unstructured":"Timper K, Del R\u00edo-Mart\u00edn A, Cremer AL, Bremser S, Alber J, Giavalisco P, Varela L, Heilinger C et al (2020) GLP-1 receptor signaling in astrocytes regulates fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial integrity, and function. Cell Metab 31(6):1189-1205.e1113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.05.001","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"6152_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10050350","author":"E Fuente-Mart\u00edn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fuente-Mart\u00edn E, Mellado-Gil JM, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, Mart\u00edn-Montalvo A, Romero-Zerbo SY, Diaz Contreras I, Hmadcha A, Soria B et al (2019) Dissecting the brain\/islet axis in metabesity. Genes (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes10050350","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159x19666210215123239","volume":"19","author":"YF Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao YF, Wei DN, Tang Y (2021) Gut microbiota regulate astrocytic functions in the brain: possible therapeutic consequences. Curr Neuropharmacol 19(8):1354\u20131366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570159x19666210215123239","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"6152_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13060497","author":"J Zi\u00dfler","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zi\u00dfler J, Rothhammer V, Linnerbauer M (2024) Gut-brain interactions and their impact on astrocytes in the context of multiple sclerosis and beyond. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells13060497","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"6152_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-025-10638-8","author":"B Liao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liao B, Ding L, Chen W, Yue M, Wang Y, Hong D, Chen T, Fang X (2025) Engineered Clostridium butyricum-pMTL007-GLP-1 delays neurodegeneration in Prnp-SNCA*A53T transgenic mice model by suppressing astrocyte senescence. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12602-025-10638-8","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins"},{"key":"6152_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486793","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1486793","volume":"15","author":"S Chong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chong S, Lin M, Chong D, Jensen S, Lau NS (2024) A systematic review on gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 15:1486793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1486793","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"6152_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.01.102","volume":"266","author":"K Sanada","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sanada K, Nakajima S, Kurokawa S, Barcel\u00f3-Soler A, Ikuse D, Hirata A, Yoshizawa A, Tomizawa Y et al (2020) Gut microbiota and major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 266:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.01.102","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-025-01643-3","volume":"24","author":"VK Sharma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sharma VK (2025) Diabetes-induced depression: unravelling the role of gut dysbiosis. J Diabetes Metab Disord 24(1):129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40200-025-01643-3","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metab Disord"},{"key":"6152_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10112358","author":"MG Giovannini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Giovannini MG, Lana D, Traini C, Vannucchi MG (2021) The microbiota-gut-brain axis and Alzheimer disease. From dysbiosis to neurodegeneration: focus on the central nervous system glial cells. J Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10112358","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"6152_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2025.101013","volume":"46","author":"DE Radford-Smith","year":"2025","unstructured":"Radford-Smith DE, Oke K, Costa C, Anthony DC (2025) Systematic review and meta-analysis of microbiota-gut-astrocyte axis perturbation in neurodegeneration, brain injury, and mood disorders. Brain Behav Immun Health 46:101013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2025.101013","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun Health"},{"key":"6152_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03164-0","author":"T Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li T, Chen J, Mi K, Lei J, Ning Z, Lu L, Su Z, Zhu Q et al (2025) Probiotics derived sodium benzoate improves social behavior of offspring exposed in the maternal immune activation through regulation of histone lysine benzoylation in astrocytes. Mol Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-025-03164-0","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"6152_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s41073-019-0064-8","volume":"4","author":"C Baethge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baethge C, Goldbeck-Wood S, Mertens S (2019) SANRA-a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles. Res Integr Peer Rev 4:5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41073-019-0064-8","journal-title":"Res Integr Peer Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.2337\/db21-0382","volume":"71","author":"K Girdhar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Girdhar K, Soto M, Huang Q, Orliaguet L, Cederquist C, Sundaresh B, Hu J, Figura M et al (2022) Gut microbiota regulate pancreatic growth, exocrine function, and gut hormones. Diabetes 71(5):945\u2013960. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db21-0382","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"6152_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156027","volume":"134","author":"W Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu W, Zhang Y, Zheng M, Ye Y, Shi M, Wang X, Cao L, Wang L (2024) Polysaccharides in medicinal and food homologous plants regulate intestinal flora to improve type 2 diabetes: systematic review. Phytomedicine 134:156027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156027","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"6152_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.09.017","volume":"224","author":"Q Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen Q, Cheng W, Zhang J, Chi C, Lin M, He C, Liao Z, Gong F (2024) Fibroblast growth factor 21 improves insulin sensitivity by modulating the bile acid-gut microbiota axis in type \u2161 diabetic mice. Free Radic Biol Med 224:600\u2013617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.09.017","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.07.017","volume":"32","author":"DP Baars","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baars DP, Fondevila MF, Meijnikman AS, Nieuwdorp M (2024) The central role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and management of type 2 diabetes. Cell Host Microbe 32(8):1280\u20131300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2024.07.017","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.18811","volume":"4","author":"Z Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen Z, Radjabzadeh D, Chen L, Kurilshikov A, Kavousi M, Ahmadizar F, Ikram MA, Uitterlinden AG et al (2021) Association of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes with gut microbial diversity: a microbiome-wide analysis from population studies. JAMA Netw Open 4(7):e2118811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.18811","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"6152_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2025.116791","volume":"233","author":"C Xie","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xie C, Qi C, Zhang J, Wang W, Meng X, Aikepaer A, Lin Y, Su C et al (2025) When short-chain fatty acids meet type 2 diabetes mellitus: revealing mechanisms, envisioning therapies. Biochem Pharmacol 233:116791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2025.116791","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4236","volume":"23","author":"H Plovier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Plovier H, Everard A, Druart C, Depommier C, Van Hul M, Geurts L, Chilloux J, Ottman N et al (2017) A purified membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila or the pasteurized bacterium improves metabolism in obese and diabetic mice. Nat Med 23(1):107\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.4236","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01979-1","volume":"22","author":"L M\u00e9n\u00e9gaut","year":"2023","unstructured":"M\u00e9n\u00e9gaut L, Laubriet A, Crespy V, Leleu D, Pilot T, Van Dongen K, de Barros JP, Gautier T et al (2023) Inflammation and oxidative stress markers in type 2 diabetes patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Diabetol 22(1):248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-023-01979-1","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"6152_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd002967","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002967.pub3","volume":"1","author":"SR Salpeter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Salpeter SR, Greyber E, Pasternak GA, Salpeter Posthumous EE (2010) Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1:Cd002967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD002967.pub3","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"6152_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4030","volume":"25","author":"CH Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang CH, Sakaguchi M, Dolin P (2016) Epidemiology of lactic acidosis in type 2 diabetes patients with metformin in Japan. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 25(10):1196\u20131203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pds.4030","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"6152_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104527","volume":"90","author":"L Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu L, Wang H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Xie P (2023) Gut microbiota and its metabolites in depression: from pathogenesis to treatment. EBioMedicine 90:104527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104527","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03282-6","volume":"21","author":"H Shen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen H, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Lv Q, Liu H, Yuan H, Wang C, Meng F et al (2024) Gut microbiota modulates depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic ethanol exposure through short-chain fatty acids. J Neuroinflammation 21(1):290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-024-03282-6","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"6152_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091882","author":"CF Tang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tang CF, Wang CY, Wang JH, Wang QN, Li SJ, Wang HO, Zhou F, Li JM (2022) Short-chain fatty acids ameliorate depressive-like behaviors of high fructose-fed mice by rescuing hippocampal neurogenesis decline and blood-brain barrier damage. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14091882","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6152_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.025","volume":"277","author":"M Colasanto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Colasanto M, Madigan S, Korczak DJ (2020) Depression and inflammation among children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 277:940\u2013948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.09.025","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6152_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13050423","author":"BR Kouba","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kouba BR, de Araujo Borba L, Borges de Souza P, Gil-Mohapel J, Rodrigues ALS (2024) Role of inflammatory mechanisms in major depressive disorder: from etiology to potential pharmacological targets. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells13050423","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"6152_CR42","unstructured":"Shah VR, Chu E, Davis S, Feng G Alistipes : The influence of a commensal on anxiety and depression. In, 2019"},{"key":"6152_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.05.018","volume":"127","author":"SJ Brown","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brown SJ, Huang XF, Newell KA (2021) The kynurenine pathway in major depression: what we know and where to next. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 127:917\u2013927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.05.018","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"6152_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102690","volume":"62","author":"Y Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun Y, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang W, Chen Y, Cai Z, Wang Q, Wang J et al (2023) Promotion of astrocyte-neuron glutamate-glutamine shuttle by SCFA contributes to the alleviation of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Redox Biol 62:102690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102690","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-023-00835-6","volume":"5","author":"B Morant-Ferrando","year":"2023","unstructured":"Morant-Ferrando B, Jimenez-Blasco D, Alonso-Batan P, Agulla J, Lapresa R, Garcia-Rodriguez D, Yunta-Sanchez S, Lopez-Fabuel I et al (2023) Fatty acid oxidation organizes mitochondrial supercomplexes to sustain astrocytic ROS and cognition. Nat Metab 5(8):1290\u20131302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42255-023-00835-6","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"6152_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci180826","author":"S Chandra","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chandra S, Popovic J, Singhal NK, Watkins EA, Dodiya HB, Weigle IQ, Salvo MA, Ramakrishnan A et al (2025) The gut microbiome controls reactive astrocytosis during A\u03b2 amyloidosis via propionate-mediated regulation of IL-17. J Clin Invest. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci180826","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"6152_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2021.100318","volume":"16","author":"S Spichak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Spichak S, Donoso F, Moloney GM, Gunnigle E, Brown JM, Codagnone M, Dinan TG, Cryan JF (2021) Microbially-derived short-chain fatty acids impact astrocyte gene expression in a sex-specific manner. Brain Behav Immun Health 16:100318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2021.100318","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.06.004","volume":"35","author":"C Xue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xue C, Li G, Zheng Q, Gu X, Shi Q, Su Y, Chu Q, Yuan X et al (2023) Tryptophan metabolism in health and disease. Cell Metab 35(8):1304\u20131326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.06.004","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"6152_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117864692097840","DOI":"10.1177\/1178646920978404","volume":"13","author":"ML Garcez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garcez ML, Tan VX, Heng B, Guillemin GJ (2020) Sodium butyrate and indole-3-propionic acid prevent the increase of cytokines and kynurenine levels in LPS-induced human primary astrocytes. Int J Tryptophan Res 13:1178646920978404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1178646920978404","journal-title":"Int J Tryptophan Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"6152_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4106","volume":"22","author":"V Rothhammer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rothhammer V, Mascanfroni ID, Bunse L, Takenaka MC, Kenison JE, Mayo L, Chao CC, Patel B et al (2016) Type I interferons and microbial metabolites of tryptophan modulate astrocyte activity and central nervous system inflammation via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Nat Med 22(6):586\u2013597. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.4106","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"6152_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.016","volume":"88","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Sun Y, He Z, Xu Y, Li X, Ding J, Lu M, Hu G (2020) Kynurenine regulates NLRP2 inflammasome in astrocytes and its implications in depression. Brain Behav Immun 88:471\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.016","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"7707","key":"6152_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0119-x","volume":"557","author":"V Rothhammer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rothhammer V, Borucki DM, Tjon EC, Takenaka MC, Chao CC, Ardura-Fabregat A, de Lima KA, Guti\u00e9rrez-V\u00e1zquez C et al (2018) Microglial control of astrocytes in response to microbial metabolites. Nature 557(7707):724\u2013728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-018-0119-x","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6571","key":"6152_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abi6087","volume":"374","author":"G Agirman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agirman G, Yu KB, Hsiao EY (2021) Signaling inflammation across the gut-brain axis. Science 374(6571):1087\u20131092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.abi6087","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"6152_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2009.08.002","volume":"32","author":"MV Sofroniew","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sofroniew MV (2009) Molecular dissection of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation. Trends Neurosci 32(12):638\u2013647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2009.08.002","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.04.005","volume":"57","author":"MR Williamson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Williamson MR, Deneen B (2024) Astrocytes remember inflammation. Immunity 57(5):938\u2013940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.04.005","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"6152_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157566","author":"H Kacem","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kacem H, d\u2019Angelo M, Qosja E, Topi S, Castelli V, Cimini A (2025) The inflammatory bridge between type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration: a molecular perspective. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26157566","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"6152_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111192","volume":"526","author":"R Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao R, Ren L, Zhou Y, Wang L, Xie Y, Zhang M, Liu X, Ke S et al (2021) Recurrent non-severe hypoglycemia aggravates cognitive decline in diabetes and induces mitochondrial dysfunction in cultured astrocytes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 526:111192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111192","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"6152_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2019.00010","volume":"11","author":"S Valtcheva","year":"2019","unstructured":"Valtcheva S, Venance L (2019) Control of long-term plasticity by glutamate transporters. Front Synaptic Neurosci 11:10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnsyn.2019.00010","journal-title":"Front Synaptic Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-1705","volume":"45","author":"J Morze","year":"2022","unstructured":"Morze J, Wittenbecher C, Schwingshackl L, Danielewicz A, Rynkiewicz A, Hu FB, Guasch-Ferr\u00e9 M (2022) Metabolomics and type 2 diabetes risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Diabetes Care 45(4):1013\u20131024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc21-1705","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"6152_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422674","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1422674","volume":"15","author":"F Han","year":"2024","unstructured":"Han F, Xu C, Hangfu X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Sun B, Chen L (2024) Circulating glutamine\/glutamate ratio is closely associated with type 2 diabetes and its associated complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 15:1422674. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1422674","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"10","key":"6152_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.06.005","volume":"29","author":"X Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu X, Zheng Y, Guasch-Ferr\u00e9 M, Ruiz-Canela M, Toledo E, Clish C, Liang L, Razquin C et al (2019) High plasma glutamate and low glutamine-to-glutamate ratio are associated with type 2 diabetes: case-cohort study within the PREDIMED trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 29(10):1040\u20131049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.06.005","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1042\/bst20140107","volume":"42","author":"A Verkhratsky","year":"2014","unstructured":"Verkhratsky A, Parpura V, Pekna M, Pekny M, Sofroniew M (2014) Glia in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Biochem Soc Trans 42(5):1291\u20131301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bst20140107","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"6152_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6473728","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6473728","volume":"2018","author":"K Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu K, Zhao L, Xu W, Lin Q, Zhou Y, Huang X, Ye X, He J et al (2018) Metabolic changes associated with a rat model of diabetic depression detected by ex vivo (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. Neural Plast 2018:6473728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/6473728","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"6152_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.07.017","volume":"1700","author":"SF Tsai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsai SF, Wu HT, Chen PC, Chen YW, Yu M, Wang TF, Wu SY, Tzeng SF et al (2018) High-fat diet suppresses the astrocytic process arborization and downregulates the glial glutamate transporters in the hippocampus of mice. Brain Res 1700:66\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.07.017","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"6152_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25021186","author":"T Zhan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhan T, Tang S, Du J, Liu J, Yu B, Yang Y, Xie Y, Qiu Y et al (2024) Implication of lncRNA MSTRG.81401 in hippocampal pyroptosis induced by P2X7 receptor in type 2 diabetic rats with neuropathic pain combined with depression. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25021186","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.10.001","volume":"36","author":"MJ Stuart","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stuart MJ, Baune BT (2012) Depression and type 2 diabetes: inflammatory mechanisms of a psychoneuroendocrine co-morbidity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 36(1):658\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.10.001","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-192","volume":"10","author":"GZ Dong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dong GZ, Zhang QY, Jiao YW, Ma Y, Zhu SM, Zhang LH, Zhang M, Chen Y et al (2022) The contribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus to hypothalamic inflammation and depressive disorders in young patients with obesity. Ann Transl Med 10(3):134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm-22-192","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"6152_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147045","volume":"1747","author":"M Kale","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kale M, Nimje N, Aglawe MM, Umekar M, Taksande B, Kotagale N (2020) Agmatine modulates anxiety and depression-like behaviour in diabetic insulin-resistant rats. Brain Res 1747:147045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147045","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"6152_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1113\/ep089501","volume":"106","author":"M Gilak-Dalasm","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gilak-Dalasm M, Peeri M, Azarbayjani MA (2021) Swimming exercise decreases depression-like behaviour and inflammatory cytokines in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Exp Physiol 106(9):1981\u20131991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/ep089501","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"6152_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105420","volume":"165","author":"P Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu P, Wang Y, Yang G, Zhang Q, Meng L, Xin Y, Jiang X (2021) The role of short-chain fatty acids in intestinal barrier function, inflammation, oxidative stress, and colonic carcinogenesis. Pharmacol Res 165:105420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105420","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"6152_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12040657","author":"E Fock","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fock E, Parnova R (2023) Mechanisms of blood-brain barrier protection by microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12040657","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"10","key":"6152_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-021-00905-6","volume":"24","author":"P Hasel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hasel P, Rose IVL, Sadick JS, Kim RD, Liddelow SA (2021) Neuroinflammatory astrocyte subtypes in the mouse brain. Nat Neurosci 24(10):1475\u20131487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-021-00905-6","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"6152_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2020.07.007","volume":"41","author":"F Giovannoni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Giovannoni F, Quintana FJ (2020) The role of astrocytes in CNS inflammation. Trends Immunol 41(9):805\u2013819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.it.2020.07.007","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"6152_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115395","volume":"166","author":"J Gao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gao J, Yang T, Song B, Ma X, Ma Y, Lin X, Wang H (2023) Abnormal tryptophan catabolism in diabetes mellitus and its complications: opportunities and challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 166:115395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115395","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"6152_CR75","unstructured":"Syed Harris Hussain SMH, Nadeem Ikram, Yasmin Badshah, Kashif Asghar (2017) Activity of indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase (IDO) in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Pakistan.pdf. J Rawalpindi Med College (JRMC) 21 (2):136\u2013140"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-09435-3","volume":"51","author":"P Subramanian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Subramanian P, Prabhu V, Nehru M, Palanirasu R, Janardhanan R (2024) Association of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase, brain derived neurotrophic factor and cellular senescence in type 2 diabetes mellitus with depression: a clinical approach. Mol Biol Rep 51(1):481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-024-09435-3","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"6152_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12070998","author":"K Hestad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hestad K, Alexander J, Rootwelt H, Aaseth JO (2022) The role of tryptophan dysmetabolism and quinolinic acid in depressive and neurodegenerative diseases. Biomolecules. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom12070998","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10175","volume":"41","author":"GJ Guillemin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guillemin GJ, Croitoru-Lamoury J, Dormont D, Armati PJ, Brew BJ (2003) Quinolinic acid upregulates chemokine production and chemokine receptor expression in astrocytes. Glia 41(4):371\u2013381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.10175","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-023-01267-7","volume":"38","author":"SB Mallik","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mallik SB, Mudgal J, Kinra M, Hall S, Grant GD, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Nampoothiri M, Zhang Y et al (2023) Involvement of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the neuroprotective mechanisms of ferulic acid against depressive-like behaviour. Metab Brain Dis 38(7):2243\u20132254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11011-023-01267-7","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"6152_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.02.010","volume":"62","author":"AK Brooks","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brooks AK, Janda TM, Lawson MA, Rytych JL, Smith RA, Ocampo-Solis C, McCusker RH (2017) Desipramine decreases expression of human and murine indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenases. Brain Behav Immun 62:219\u2013229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.02.010","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"6152_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14617","volume":"30","author":"D Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang D, Hua Z, Li Z (2024) The role of glutamate and glutamine metabolism and related transporters in nerve cells. CNS Neurosci Ther 30(2):e14617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.14617","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"6152_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301248","volume":"32","author":"O Ajilore","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ajilore O, Haroon E, Kumaran S, Darwin C, Binesh N, Mintz J, Miller J, Thomas MA et al (2007) Measurement of brain metabolites in patients with type 2 diabetes and major depression using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neuropsychopharmacology 32(6):1224\u20131231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.npp.1301248","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"6152_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2016.00231","volume":"10","author":"V Rappeneau","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rappeneau V, Blaker A, Petro JR, Yamamoto BK, Shimamoto A (2016) Disruption of the glutamate-glutamine cycle involving astrocytes in an animal model of depression for males and females. Front Behav Neurosci 10:231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnbeh.2016.00231","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159x22666240815120244","volume":"23","author":"M Mamelak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mamelak M (2024) Depression and the glutamate\/GABA-glutamine cycle. Curr Neuropharmacol 23(1):75\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570159x22666240815120244","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"6152_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.2147\/ndt.S491176","volume":"20","author":"A Babber","year":"2024","unstructured":"Babber A, Sharma A (2024) Chronic stress in a rat model of depression disturbs the glutamine-glutamate-GABA Cycle in the striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum [letter]. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 20:2103\u20132104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ndt.S491176","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01629-w","volume":"49","author":"JH Krystal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krystal JH, Kavalali ET, Monteggia LM (2024) Ketamine and rapid antidepressant action: new treatments and novel synaptic signaling mechanisms. Neuropsychopharmacology 49(1):41\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41386-023-01629-w","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"6152_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104758","volume":"139","author":"BS Fernandes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fernandes BS, Salagre E, Enduru N, Grande I, Vieta E, Zhao Z (2022) Insulin resistance in depression: a large meta-analysis of metabolic parameters and variation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 139:104758. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104758","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/yco.0000000000000905","volume":"37","author":"AJ Krupa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krupa AJ, Dudek D, Siwek M (2024) Consolidating evidence on the role of insulin resistance in major depressive disorder. Curr Opin Psychiatry 37(1):23\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/yco.0000000000000905","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"6152_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2025.106218","volume":"175","author":"J Yao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yao J, Zhu CQ, Sun Y, Huang YW, Li QH, Liao HM, Deng XJ, Li WM (2025) Insulin resistance: the role in comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 175:106218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2025.106218","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"6152_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11193001","author":"H Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li H, Meng Y, He S, Tan X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang L, Zheng W (2022) Macrophages, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11193001","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2022.03.001","volume":"45","author":"W Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen W, Cai W, Hoover B, Kahn CR (2022) Insulin action in the brain: cell types, circuits, and diseases. Trends Neurosci 45(5):384\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2022.03.001","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"6152_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11101298","author":"J Mikulska","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mikulska J, Juszczyk G, Gawro\u0144ska-Grzywacz M, Herbet M (2021) HPA axis in the pathomechanism of depression and schizophrenia: new therapeutic strategies based on its participation. Brain Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci11101298","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13217","volume":"1391","author":"JJ Joseph","year":"2017","unstructured":"Joseph JJ, Golden SH (2017) Cortisol dysregulation: the bidirectional link between stress, depression, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1391(1):20\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nyas.13217","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"6152_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2022-003218","author":"P Mosili","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mosili P, Mkhize BC, Sibiya NH, Ngubane PS, Khathi A (2024) Review of the direct and indirect effects of hyperglycemia on the HPA axis in T2DM and the co-occurrence of depression. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjdrc-2022-003218","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"6152_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.109951","volume":"102","author":"B Misiak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Misiak B, \u0141oniewski I, Marlicz W, Frydecka D, Szulc A, Rudzki L, Samochowiec J (2020) The HPA axis dysregulation in severe mental illness: can we shift the blame to gut microbiota? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 102:109951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.109951","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"6152_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2025.102786","volume":"251","author":"B Park","year":"2025","unstructured":"Park B, Choi GE (2025) Changes in astrocyte function induced by stress-induced glucocorticoid exacerbate major depressive disorder. Prog Neurobiol 251:102786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2025.102786","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"6152_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2023.02.001","volume":"197","author":"M Albini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Albini M, Krawczun-Rygmaczewska A, Cesca F (2023) Astrocytes and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Neurosci Res 197:42\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neures.2023.02.001","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"6152_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0115733998274778231218145449","author":"H Hammad","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hammad H, Shaltout I, Fawzy MM, Rashed LA, Adel N, Abdelaziz TS (2025) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and gene polymorphism as risk factors for depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus- a case-controlled study. Curr Diabetes Rev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0115733998274778231218145449","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"key":"6152_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107278","volume":"219","author":"H Li","year":"2026","unstructured":"Li H, Zhu Y, Liu P, Song S, Zhang X, Liu C, Hu M, Zhang Y et al (2026) The M1-like microglia-A1-like astrocyte axis: a central hub linking BDNF dysregulation in chronic stress to anxiety disorders. Neurobiol Dis 219:107278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107278","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"6152_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.02.019","volume":"102","author":"X Zhuang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhuang X, Zhan B, Jia Y, Li C, Wu N, Zhao M, Chen N, Guo Y et al (2022) IL-33 in the basolateral amygdala integrates neuroinflammation into anxiogenic circuits via modulating BDNF expression. Brain Behav Immun 102:98\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.02.019","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"6152_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10081769","author":"P Szpakowski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Szpakowski P, Ksiazek-Winiarek D, Turniak-Kusy M, Pacan I, Glabinski A (2022) Human primary astrocytes differently respond to pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli. Biomedicines. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines10081769","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"2","key":"6152_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90196-m","volume":"53","author":"PA Lapchak","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lapchak PA, Araujo DM, Hefti F (1993) Systemic interleukin-1 beta decreases brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA expression in the rat hippocampal formation. Neuroscience 53(2):297\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90196-m","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2005.04.005","volume":"20","author":"Z Guan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guan Z, Fang J (2006) Peripheral immune activation by lipopolysaccharide decreases neurotrophins in the cortex and hippocampus in rats. Brain Behav Immun 20(1):64\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2005.04.005","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-4888-z","volume":"62","author":"L Lenart","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lenart L, Balogh DB, Lenart N, Barczi A, Hosszu A, Farkas T, Hodrea J, Szabo AJ et al (2019) Novel therapeutic potential of angiotensin receptor 1 blockade in a rat model of diabetes-associated depression parallels altered BDNF signalling. Diabetologia 62(8):1501\u20131513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-019-4888-z","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-017-0985-4","volume":"14","author":"WJ Su","year":"2017","unstructured":"Su WJ, Peng W, Gong H, Liu YZ, Zhang Y, Lian YJ, Cao ZY, Wu R et al (2017) Antidiabetic drug glyburide modulates depressive-like behavior comorbid with insulin resistance. J Neuroinflammation 14(1):210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-017-0985-4","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"6152_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10121939","author":"K Skonieczna-\u017bydecka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Skonieczna-\u017bydecka K, Grochans E, Maciejewska D, Szkup M, Schneider-Matyka D, Jurczak A, \u0141oniewski I, Kaczmarczyk M et al (2018) Faecal short chain fatty acids profile is changed in polish depressive women. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu10121939","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6152_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03191-x","author":"L Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu L, Wang H, Guo S, Liu S, Du Y, Wang L, He D, Mo X et al (2025) The emerging role of the gut microbiome in depression: implications for precision medicine. Mol Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-025-03191-x","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00890-0","volume":"21","author":"MR Aburto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aburto MR, Cryan JF (2024) Gastrointestinal and brain barriers: unlocking gates of communication across the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 21(4):222\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-023-00890-0","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"6152_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2025.105777","volume":"116","author":"M Pereira","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pereira M, Droguerre M, Valdebenito M, Vidal L, Marcy G, Benkeder S, Marchal P, Comte JC et al (2025) Induction of haemodynamic travelling waves by glial-related vasomotion in a rat model of neuroinflammation: implications for functional neuroimaging. EBioMedicine 116:105777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2025.105777","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1006\/brbi.1995.1026","volume":"9","author":"AV Turnbull","year":"1995","unstructured":"Turnbull AV, Rivier C (1995) Regulation of the HPA axis by cytokines. Brain Behav Immun 9(4):253\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/brbi.1995.1026","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2021.107933","volume":"35","author":"P Gumus Balikcioglu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gumus Balikcioglu P, Balikcioglu M, Soros A, Chalew S (2021) The 24-hour average concentration of cortisol is elevated in obese African-American youth with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 35(7):107933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2021.107933","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lddd.2025.100023","volume":"22","author":"K Venkatesan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Venkatesan K, Paulsamy P, Alqahtani S, Asiri YI, Alqahtani T, Alqahtani A, Sivadasan D, Ahmed R et al (2025) An update on the role of inflammation in insulin resistance and islet \u03b2 cell failure- a crosstalk between immune cells, adipose tissue, cytokines, and oxidative stress. Lett Drug Des Discov 22(3):100023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lddd.2025.100023","journal-title":"Lett Drug Des Discov"},{"key":"6152_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1692742","author":"S Saadati","year":"2025","unstructured":"Saadati S, Godini R, Reddy A, Teede H, Mousa A (2025) Metabolic crossroads in insulin resistance: exploring lipid dysregulation and inflammation. Front Immunol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1692742","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2020.1869501","volume":"13","author":"Y Deng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deng Y, Zhou M, Wang J, Yao J, Yu J, Liu W, Wu L, Wang J et al (2021) Involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in chronic restraint stress: disturbances of the kynurenine metabolic pathway in both the gut and brain. Gut Microbes 13(1):1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2020.1869501","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"6152_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130989","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1130989","volume":"14","author":"S Hassamal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hassamal S (2023) Chronic stress, neuroinflammation, and depression: an overview of pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging anti-inflammatories. Front Psychiatry 14:1130989. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1130989","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E24","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00233.2021","volume":"322","author":"TA Lansdell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lansdell TA, Dorrance AM (2022) Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in male rats results in sustained HPA activation and hyperinsulinemia. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 322(1):E24-e33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00233.2021","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15630","volume":"26","author":"WY Khawagi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khawagi WY, Al-Kuraishy HM, Hussein NR, Al-Gareeb AI, Atef E, Elhussieny O, Alexiou A, Papadakis M et al (2024) Depression and type 2 diabetes: a causal relationship and mechanistic pathway. Diabetes Obes Metab 26(8):3031\u20133044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.15630","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-023-01713-8","volume":"274","author":"N Okamoto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Okamoto N, Hoshikawa T, Honma Y, Chibaatar E, Ikenouchi A, Harada M, Yoshimura R (2024) Effect modification of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 on the kynurenine and serotonin pathways in major depressive disorder on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 274(7):1697\u20131707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-023-01713-8","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin2201013","volume":"22","author":"N Okamoto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Okamoto N, Hoshikawa T, Ikenouchi A, Natsuyama T, Fujii R, Igata R, Tesen H, Konishi Y et al (2023) Comparison of serum metabolomics pathways and patterns between patients with major depressive disorder with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: an exploratory study. J Integr Neurosci 22(1):13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31083\/j.jin2201013","journal-title":"J Integr Neurosci"},{"key":"6152_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2025.156357","volume":"172","author":"T Liang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liang T, Jiang T, Liang Z, Chen Y, Chen T, Dong B, Xie X, Gu B et al (2025) Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain 84\u20133-derived l-glutamine ameliorates glucose homeostasis via AMPK\/PPAR\u03b3 signaling pathway activation in type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 172:156357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabol.2025.156357","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"2","key":"6152_CR121","first-page":"35","volume":"33","author":"P Newsholme","year":"2012","unstructured":"Newsholme P, Krause M (2012) Nutritional regulation of insulin secretion: implications for diabetes. Clin Biochem Rev 33(2):35\u201347","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c07689","volume":"73","author":"C Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang C, Xu R, Udenigwe CC, Lin L, Zheng L, Zhao M (2025) Exploration of the fasting hypoglycemic mechanism of casein hydrolysate enriched with Glu\/Gln and Glu\/Gln-containing peptides in db\/db diabetic-like mice using multiomics analysis. J Agric Food Chem 73(3):1902\u20131916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c07689","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"6152_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.09.002","volume":"34","author":"D Herrera Moro Chao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Herrera Moro Chao D, Kirchner MK, Pham C, Foppen E, Denis RGP, Castel J, Morel C, Montalban E et al (2022) Hypothalamic astrocytes control systemic glucose metabolism and energy balance. Cell Metab 34(10):1532-1547.e1536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.09.002","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"6152_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2412556","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202412556","volume":"12","author":"SY Shen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shen SY, Liang LF, Shi TL, Shen ZQ, Yin SY, Zhang JR, Li W, Mi WL et al (2025) Microglia-derived interleukin-6 triggers astrocyte apoptosis in the hippocampus and mediates depression-like behavior. Adv Sci (Weinh) 12(11):e2412556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.202412556","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"key":"6152_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503807","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1503807","volume":"16","author":"X Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang X, Wang Q, Cai Z, Ni C, Wang H, Liu H, Zhao Y, Wang J et al (2025) Knockdown of PDPN in astrocytes reduces hippocampal inflammation in T2DM mice. Front Immunol 16:1503807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1503807","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"6152_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12504","author":"E Balland","year":"2017","unstructured":"Balland E, Cowley MA (2017) Short-term high-fat diet increases the presence of astrocytes in the hypothalamus of C57BL6 mice without altering leptin sensitivity. J Neuroendocrinol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jne.12504","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.04.016","volume":"25","author":"A Sharif","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sharif A, Prevot V (2017) When size matters: how astrocytic processes shape metabolism. Cell Metab 25(5):995\u2013996. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.04.016","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"6152_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v14.i10.1429","volume":"14","author":"Y Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu Y, Huang SY, Liu DL, Zeng XX, Pan XR, Peng J (2024) Bidirectional relationship between diabetes mellitus and depression: mechanisms and epidemiology. World J Psychiatry 14(10):1429\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5498\/wjp.v14.i10.1429","journal-title":"World J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"6152_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.7888\/juoeh.47.95","volume":"47","author":"R Yoshimura","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yoshimura R, Watanabe C (2025) Comorbidity of major depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment approaches. J uoeh 47(2):95\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7888\/juoeh.47.95","journal-title":"J uoeh"},{"key":"6152_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.05.150","volume":"360","author":"Q Huang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang Q, Liu L, Tan X, Wang S, Wang S, Luo J, Chen J, Yang N et al (2024) Empagliflozin alleviates neuroinflammation by inhibiting astrocyte activation in the brain and regulating gut microbiota of high-fat diet mice. J Affect Disord 360:229\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.05.150","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-025-00591-9","volume":"9","author":"J Xie","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xie J, Sun Y, Li Q, Nie X, Zhang W, Dong L, Chen X, Nie S (2025) Protective effects of Parabacteroides distasonis against high-fat diet-induced brain injury in mice. NPJ Sci Food 9(1):226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41538-025-00591-9","journal-title":"NPJ Sci Food"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3361","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-01924-7","volume":"58","author":"ES Hosseinifard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hosseinifard ES, Morshedi M, Bavafa-Valenlia K, Saghafi-Asl M (2019) The novel insight into anti-inflammatory and anxiolytic effects of psychobiotics in diabetic rats: possible link between gut microbiota and brain regions. Eur J Nutr 58(8):3361\u20133375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-019-01924-7","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"6152_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.02.057","volume":"137","author":"J Rao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rao J, Qiao Y, Xie R, Lin L, Jiang J, Wang C, Li G (2021) Fecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates stress-induced depression-like behaviors associated with the inhibition of glial and NLRP3 inflammasome in rat brain. J Psychiatr Res 137:147\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.02.057","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"6152_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14049","volume":"29","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Y, Yang L, Li J, Gao W, Zhao Z, Dong K, Duan W, Dai B et al (2023) Antidepression of Xingpijieyu formula targets gut microbiota derived from depressive disorder. CNS Neurosci Ther 29(2):669\u2013681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.14049","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-024-10142-w","volume":"19","author":"IHR de Paiva","year":"2024","unstructured":"de Paiva IHR, da Silva RS, Mendon\u00e7a IP, de Souza JRB, Peixoto CA (2024) Semaglutide attenuates anxious and depressive-like behaviors and reverses the cognitive impairment in a type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse model via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 19(1):36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11481-024-10142-w","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"key":"6152_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2024.01.014","volume":"124","author":"CL Shen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen CL, Wang R, Santos JM, Elmassry MM, Stephens E, Kim N, Neugebauer V (2024) Ginger alleviates mechanical hypersensitivity and anxio-depressive behavior in rats with diabetic neuropathy through beneficial actions on gut microbiome composition, mitochondria, and neuroimmune cells of colon and spinal cord. Nutr Res 124:73\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nutres.2024.01.014","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6101","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-03936-9","volume":"61","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Y, Fang N, Wang Y, Geng Y, Li Y (2024) Activating MC4R promotes functional recovery by repressing oxidative stress-mediated AIM2 activation post-spinal cord injury. Mol Neurobiol 61(8):6101\u20136118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-024-03936-9","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"6152_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-026-03844-w","author":"Y Chen","year":"2026","unstructured":"Chen Y, Wang Y, Fang N, Xu J, Teng Y, Wang K, Huang L, Ni H et al (2026) SGK1 inhibition supports neuroprotection in spinal cord injury by suppressing oxidative stress and AIM2 activation via FoxO1 mediated mitophagy. J Neuroinflammation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-026-03844-w","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"6152_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2026.112571","volume":"145","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Jiang Z, Wu Z, Jin Y, Xu K, Shu W, Wu Y, Ying J, Wu J et al (2026) Astragaloside IV enhances autophagy to suppress endoplasmic reticulum stress and pyroptosis after spinal cord injury. Cell Signal 145:112571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cellsig.2026.112571","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"6152_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.043","volume":"60","author":"J Zhang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhang J, Xiang L, Cai X, Geng Y, Wu Y, Shi J, Zhang H, Hu X et al (2026) 3D-MSCs apoptotic bodies-integrated conductive hydrogel mitigates spinal cord injury via immunoregulation and alleviating neuronal pyroptosis. Bioact Mater 60:704\u2013723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.043","journal-title":"Bioact Mater"},{"issue":"12","key":"6152_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226372","volume":"14","author":"A Ahmad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ahmad A, Yang W, Chen G, Shafiq M, Javed S, Ali Zaidi SS, Shahid R, Liu C et al (2019) Analysis of gut microbiota of obese individuals with type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals. PLoS ONE 14(12):e0226372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0226372","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-022-02714-8","volume":"22","author":"FA Al-Muhanna","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al-Muhanna FA, Dowdell AK, Al Eleq AH, Albaker WI, Brooks AW, Al-Sultan AI, Al-Rubaish AM, Alkharsah KR et al (2022) Gut microbiota analyses of Saudi populations for type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes reveals significant association. BMC Microbiol 22(1):301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-022-02714-8","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"6152_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7253978","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7253978","volume":"2020","author":"BS Almugadam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Almugadam BS, Liu Y, Chen SM, Wang CH, Shao CY, Ren BW, Tang L (2020) Alterations of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes individuals and the confounding effect of antidiabetic agents. J Diabetes Res 2020:7253978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/7253978","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-021-00856-4","volume":"13","author":"C Alvarez-Silva","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alvarez-Silva C, Kashani A, Hansen TH, Pinna NK, Anjana RM, Dutta A, Saxena S, St\u00f8y J et al (2021) Trans-ethnic gut microbiota signatures of type 2 diabetes in Denmark and India. Genome Med 13(1):37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13073-021-00856-4","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"6152_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093289","author":"M Balvers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balvers M, Deschasaux M, van den Born BJ, Zwinderman K, Nieuwdorp M, Levin E (2021) Analyzing type 2 diabetes associations with the gut microbiome in individuals from two ethnic backgrounds living in the same geographic area. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13093289","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6152_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2018.11.019","volume":"63\u201364","author":"PC Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen PC, Chien YW, Yang SC (2019) The alteration of gut microbiota in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Nutrition 63\u201364:51\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nut.2018.11.019","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"6152_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.575084","volume":"10","author":"Q Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Q, Ma X, Li C, Shen Y, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Guo X, Zhou J et al (2020) Enteric phageome alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 10:575084. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.575084","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2738","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82538-0","volume":"11","author":"T Das","year":"2021","unstructured":"Das T, Jayasudha R, Chakravarthy S, Prashanthi GS, Bhargava A, Tyagi M, Rani PK, Pappuru RR et al (2021) Alterations in the gut bacterial microbiome in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy. Sci Rep 11(1):2738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-82538-0","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6152_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S144","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.Ijo_966_24","volume":"73","author":"T Das","year":"2025","unstructured":"Das T, Takkar B, Padakandala SR, Shivaji S (2025) Gut and intraocular fluid dysbiosis in people with type 2 diabetes-related retinopathy in India: a case for further research. Indian J Ophthalmol 73(Suppl 1):S144-s150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.Ijo_966_24","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"6152_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00063","volume":"10","author":"AP Doumatey","year":"2020","unstructured":"Doumatey AP, Adeyemo A, Zhou J, Lei L, Adebamowo SN, Adebamowo C, Rotimi CN (2020) Gut microbiome profiles are associated with type 2 diabetes in urban Africans. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 10:63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00063","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"6152_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.804733","volume":"11","author":"Y Du","year":"2021","unstructured":"Du Y, Neng Q, Li Y, Kang Y, Guo L, Huang X, Chen M, Yang F et al (2021) Gastrointestinal autonomic neuropathy exacerbates gut microbiota dysbiosis in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 11:804733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2021.804733","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"6152_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bsr20220803","author":"M Fassatoui","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fassatoui M, Saffarian A, Mulet C, Jamoussi H, Gamoudi A, Ben Halima Y, Hechmi M, Abdelhak S et al (2023) Gut microbiota profile and the influence of nutritional status on bacterial distribution in diabetic and healthy Tunisian subjects. Biosci Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bsr20220803","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3233\/hab-210450","volume":"29","author":"F Ghaemi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ghaemi F, Fateh A, Sepahy AA, Zangeneh M, Ghanei M, Siadat SD (2021) Blood microbiota composition in Iranian pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients. Hum Antibodies 29(4):243\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/hab-210450","journal-title":"Hum Antibodies"},{"key":"6152_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315023","author":"G Gradisteanu Pircalabioru","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G, Chifiriuc MC, Picu A, Petcu LM, Trandafir M, Savu O (2022) Snapshot into the type-2-diabetes-associated microbiome of a Romanian cohort. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232315023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"6152_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119201","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1119201","volume":"14","author":"XJ Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo XJ, Dai SX, Lou JD, Ma XX, Hu XJ, Tu LP, Cui J, Lu H et al (2023) Distribution characteristics of oral microbiota and its relationship with intestinal microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 14:1119201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1119201","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"10","key":"6152_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-022-05747-w","volume":"65","author":"X Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang X, Qiu Y, Gao Y, Zhou R, Hu Q, He Z, Lv Y, Wang X et al (2022) Gut microbiota mediate melatonin signalling in association with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 65(10):1627\u20131641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-022-05747-w","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.70061","volume":"16","author":"K Kinoshita","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kinoshita K, Ozato N, Yamaguchi T, Mori K, Katsuragi Y, Sato N, Imoto S, Ihara K et al (2025) Association of the gut microbiota with type 2 diabetes: links to disease and remission in the Japanese population. J Diabetes Investig 16(7):1315\u20131324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdi.70061","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"6152_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001963","author":"G Letchumanan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Letchumanan G, Marlini M, Baharom N, Lawley B, Syed Mohideen FB, Jogulu SR, Addnan FH, Nur Fariha MM et al (2025) Ethnicity-matched case-control study reveals significant gut microbiota differences in Malaysian adults with type 2 diabetes. J Med Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jmm.0.001963","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62224-3","volume":"10","author":"Q Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li Q, Chang Y, Zhang K, Chen H, Tao S, Zhang Z (2020) Implication of the gut microbiome composition of type 2 diabetic patients from northern China. Sci Rep 10(1):5450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-62224-3","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"19","key":"6152_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-3967","volume":"10","author":"W Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li W, Li L, Yang F, Hu Q, Xiong D (2022) Correlation between gut bacteria Phascolarctobacterium and exogenous metabolite \u03b1-linolenic acid in T2DM: a case-control study. Ann Transl Med 10(19):1056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm-22-3967","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39444-4","volume":"13","author":"X Lu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lu X, Ma J, Li R (2023) Alterations of gut microbiota in biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy and a long history of diabetes without kidney damage. Sci Rep 13(1):12150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-39444-4","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03067-7","volume":"30","author":"Z Mei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mei Z, Wang F, Bhosle A, Dong D, Mehta R, Ghazi A, Zhang Y, Liu Y et al (2024) Strain-specific gut microbial signatures in type 2 diabetes identified in a cross-cohort analysis of 8,117 metagenomes. Nat Med 30(8):2265\u20132276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-024-03067-7","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2142009","volume":"14","author":"A Saleem","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saleem A, Ikram A, Dikareva E, Lahtinen E, Matharu D, Pajari AM, de Vos WM, Hasan F et al (2022) Unique Pakistani gut microbiota highlights population-specific microbiota signatures of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gut Microbes 14(1):2142009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2022.2142009","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"6152_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.08.038","volume":"111","author":"M Sedighi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sedighi M, Razavi S, Navab-Moghadam F, Khamseh ME, Alaei-Shahmiri F, Mehrtash A, Amirmozafari N (2017) Comparison of gut microbiota in adult patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals. Microb Pathog 111:362\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.08.038","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"6152_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.19108","volume":"13","author":"LI Sinisterra Loaiza","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sinisterra Loaiza LI, Fern\u00e1ndez-Edreira D, Li\u00f1ares-Blanco J, Cepeda A, Cardelle-Cobas A, Fernandez-Lozano C (2025) Fecal microbiome analysis in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. PeerJ 13:e19108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.19108","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s10123-023-00324-6","volume":"26","author":"J Siptroth","year":"2023","unstructured":"Siptroth J, Moskalenko O, Krumbiegel C, Ackermann J, Koch I, Pospisil H (2023) Variation of butyrate production in the gut microbiome in type 2 diabetes patients. Int Microbiol 26(3):601\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10123-023-00324-6","journal-title":"Int Microbiol"},{"key":"6152_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12102996","author":"T Takagi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Takagi T, Naito Y, Kashiwagi S, Uchiyama K, Mizushima K, Kamada K, Ishikawa T, Inoue R et al (2020) Changes in the gut microbiota are associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japanese subjects. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12102996","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70071","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70071","volume":"8","author":"H Yarmohammadi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yarmohammadi H, Soltanipur M, Rezaei M, Ejtahed HS, Raei M, Razavi A, Mirhosseini SM, Zangeneh M et al (2025) The comparison of the gut microbiome composition, serum inflammatory markers and faecal short-chain fatty acids among individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus with healthy controls: a case-control study. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 8(4):e70071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/edm2.70071","journal-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"6152_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.2411.11071","volume":"35","author":"HM Yi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yi HM, Won S, Pak J, Park SE, Kim MR, Kim JH, Park EY, Hwang SY et al (2025) Fecal microbiome and urine metabolome profiling of type 2 diabetes. J Microbiol Biotechnol 35:e2411071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4014\/jmb.2411.11071","journal-title":"J Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00324-22","volume":"10","author":"L Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang L, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhao L, Chu J, Li H, Sun W, Yang C et al (2022) Alterations of the gut microbiota in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Microbiol Spectr 10(4):e0032422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.00324-22","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-019-02103-8","volume":"66","author":"L Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao L, Lou H, Peng Y, Chen S, Zhang Y, Li X (2019) Comprehensive relationships between gut microbiome and faecal metabolome in individuals with type 2 diabetes and its complications. Endocrine 66(3):526\u2013537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-019-02103-8","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"10","key":"6152_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/s1875-5364(23)60402-9","volume":"21","author":"S Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang S, Shao L, Chen M, Wang L, Liu J, Zhang W, Huang W (2023) Biotransformation differences of ginsenoside compound K mediated by the gut microbiota from diabetic patients and healthy subjects. Chin J Nat Med 21(10):723\u2013729. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1875-5364(23)60402-9","journal-title":"Chin J Nat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"6152_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.4246","volume":"128","author":"D Salamon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salamon D, Sroka-Oleksiak A, Kapusta P, Szopa M, Mrozi\u0144ska S, Ludwig-S\u0142omczy\u0144ska AH, Wo\u0142kow PP, Bulanda M et al (2018) Characteristics of gut microbiota in adult patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes based on next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. Pol Arch Intern Med 128(6):336\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20452\/pamw.4246","journal-title":"Pol Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-019-01316-7","volume":"56","author":"S Tao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tao S, Li L, Li L, Liu Y, Ren Q, Shi M, Liu J, Jiang J et al (2019) Understanding the gut-kidney axis among biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls: an analysis of the gut microbiota composition. Acta Diabetol 56(5):581\u2013592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00592-019-01316-7","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13368","volume":"76","author":"N Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun N, Zhang J, Wang J, Liu Z, Wang X, Kang P, Yang C, Liu P et al (2022) Abnormal gut microbiota and bile acids in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder and correlation analysis. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 76(7):321\u2013328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.13368","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2025.0084","volume":"29","author":"AD Oncu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Oncu AD, Ozgur A, Ulgen KO (2025) Alterations in gut microbiota-brain axis in major depressive disorder as identified by machine learning. OMICS 29(7):309\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/omi.2025.0084","journal-title":"OMICS"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E358","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.200159","volume":"46","author":"D Ciocan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ciocan D, Cassard AM, Becquemont L, Verstuyft C, Voican CS, El Asmar K, Colle R, David D et al (2021) Blood microbiota and metabolomic signature of major depression before and after antidepressant treatment: a prospective case-control study. J Psychiatry Neurosci 46(3):E358-e368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/jpn.200159","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14918","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-94481-1","volume":"11","author":"Y Shen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shen Y, Yang X, Li G, Gao J, Liang Y (2021) The change of gut microbiota in MDD patients under SSRIs treatment. Sci Rep 11(1):14918. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-94481-1","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02436-z","volume":"13","author":"X Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu X, Li Y, Wu J, Zhang H, Huang Y, Tan X, Wen L, Zhou X et al (2023) Changes of gut microbiota reflect the severity of major depressive disorder: a cross sectional study. Transl Psychiatry 13(1):137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-023-02436-z","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"6152_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.04.011","volume":"356","author":"P Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu P, Jing L, Guo F, Xu Y, Cheng J, Liu S, Liu L, Liu Z et al (2024) Characteristics of gut microbiota and its correlation with hs-CRP and somatic symptoms in first-episode treatment-naive major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 356:664\u2013671. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.04.011","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6152_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.10.104","volume":"344","author":"X Zu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zu X, Xin J, Xie H, Xu X, Shen Y, Wang J, Tian S, Wen Y et al (2024) Characteristics of gut microbiota and metabolic phenotype in patients with major depressive disorder based on multi-omics analysis. J Affect Disord 344:563\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2023.10.104","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6152_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.05.038","volume":"202","author":"E Aizawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aizawa E, Tsuji H, Asahara T, Takahashi T, Teraishi T, Yoshida S, Ota M, Koga N et al (2016) Possible association of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the gut microbiota of patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 202:254\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2016.05.038","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6152_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.01.060","volume":"349","author":"A Busch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Busch A, Roy S, Helbing DL, Colic L, Opel N, Besteher B, Walter M, Bauer M et al (2024) Gut microbiome in atypical depression. J Affect Disord 349:277\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.01.060","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01755-3","volume":"11","author":"JR Caso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Caso JR, MacDowell KS, Gonz\u00e1lez-Pinto A, Garc\u00eda S, de Diego-Adeli\u00f1o J, Carceller-Sindreu M, Sarramea F, Caballero-Villarraso J et al (2021) Gut microbiota, innate immune pathways, and inflammatory control mechanisms in patients with major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 11(1):645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-021-01755-3","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR185","first-page":"1","volume":"52","author":"X Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen X, Shi S, Sun C, Li S (2024) A study of the relationship between inflammatory immune function and intestinal flora in adolescent patients with first-episode depression. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 52(1):1\u20139","journal-title":"Actas Esp Psiquiatr"},{"key":"6152_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.01.016","volume":"111","author":"YE Chung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chung YE, Chen HC, Chou HL, Chen IM, Lee MS, Chuang LC, Liu YW, Lu ML et al (2019) Exploration of microbiota targets for major depressive disorder and mood related traits. J Psychiatr Res 111:74\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.01.016","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"6152_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.70173","volume":"169","author":"S Cussotto","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cussotto S, Colle R, Voican CS, Ciocan DM, Trainel N, Bottemanne H, Pelloux Y, David DJ et al (2025) The gut microbiota is altered in antidepressant-free depressed patients and is associated with depression severity. J Neurochem 169(7):e70173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnc.70173","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-024-05778-0","volume":"24","author":"F Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo F, Jing L, Xu Y, Zhang K, Li Y, Sun N, Liu P, Zhang H (2024) Gut microbiota and inflammatory factor characteristics in major depressive disorder patients with anorexia. BMC Psychiatry 24(1):334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-024-05778-0","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"6152_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15071752","author":"P Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin P, Li D, Shi Y, Li Q, Guo X, Dong K, Chen Q, Lou X et al (2023) Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and kynurenine (Kyn) pathway activity as potential biomarkers in patients with major depressive disorder. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15071752","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"6152_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s003329172510072x","volume":"55","author":"S Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu S, Li Y, Shi Y, Rao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang T, Kong H et al (2025) Multi-omics analyses of the gut microbiome, fecal metabolome, and multimodal brain MRI reveal the role of Alistipes and its related metabolites in major depressive disorder. Psychol Med 55:e190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s003329172510072x","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"6152_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12091240","author":"M Maes","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maes M, Vasupanrajit A, Jirakran K, Klomkliew P, Chanchaem P, Tunvirachaisakul C, Payungporn S (2023) Exploration of the gut microbiome in Thai patients with major depressive disorder shows a specific bacterial profile with depletion of the Ruminococcus genus as a putative biomarker. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12091240","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"6152_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2024.107208","volume":"171","author":"A Misera","year":"2025","unstructured":"Misera A, Kaczmarczyk M, \u0141oniewski I, Li\u015bkiewicz P, Podsiad\u0142o K, Misiak B, Skonieczna-\u017bydecka K, Samochowiec J (2025) Comparative analysis of gut microbiota in major depressive disorder and schizophrenia during hospitalisation - the case-control, post hoc study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 171:107208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2024.107208","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"6152_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.03.017","volume":"113","author":"H Rong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rong H, Xie XH, Zhao J, Lai WT, Wang MB, Xu D, Liu YH, Guo YY et al (2019) Similarly in depression, nuances of gut microbiota: evidences from a shotgun metagenomics sequencing study on major depressive disorder versus bipolar disorder with current major depressive episode patients. J Psychiatr Res 113:90\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.03.017","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"6152_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119648","volume":"389","author":"X Song","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song X, Zhong Q, Zhang R, Lai S, Wu Y, Yin J, Liu Y, Sun J et al (2025) A new perspective on cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder: changes in gut microbiota and their inflammatory regulatory mechanisms. J Affect Disord 389:119648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119648","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E289","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.240050","volume":"49","author":"CF Tsai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tsai CF, Chuang CH, Tu PC, Chang WC, Wang YP, Liu PY, Wu PS, Lin CY et al (2024) Interaction of the gut microbiota and brain functional connectivity in late-life depression. J Psychiatry Neurosci 49(5):E289-e300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/jpn.240050","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"6152_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.07.013","volume":"362","author":"D Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang D, Jiang X, Zhu H, Zhou Y, Jia L, Sun Q, Kong L, Tang Y (2024) Relationships between the gut microbiome and brain functional alterations in first-episode, drug-na\u00efve patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 362:578\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.07.013","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6152_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2024.115804","volume":"334","author":"Z Xie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xie Z, Huang J, Sun G, He S, Luo Z, Zhang L, Li L, Yao M et al (2024) Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals gut microbiota dysbiosis and systemic disturbance in major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 334:115804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2024.115804","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"6152_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba8555","author":"J Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang J, Zheng P, Li Y, Wu J, Tan X, Zhou J, Sun Z, Chen X et al (2020) Landscapes of bacterial and metabolic signatures and their interaction in major depressive disorders. Sci Adv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aba8555","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"6152_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2022.110787","volume":"157","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Yun Y, An H, Zhao W, Ma T, Wang Z, Yang F (2022) Gut microbiome and daytime function in Chinese patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychosom Res 157:110787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2022.110787","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"6152_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.12.070","volume":"373","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Zhao W, Yun Y, Ma T, An H, Fan N, Wang J, Wang Z et al (2025) Multiomics analysis reveals aberrant tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism and immunity linked gut microbiota with cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 373:273\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.12.070","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"6152_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.907239","volume":"12","author":"Q Zhong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhong Q, Chen JJ, Wang Y, Shao WH, Zhou CJ, Xie P (2022) Differential gut microbiota compositions related with the severity of major depressive disorder. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 12:907239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2022.907239","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"6152_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2024.107090","volume":"170","author":"F Arbabi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Arbabi F, Shapoury R, Haghi F, Zeighami H, Pirzeh R (2024) Investigating the bacterial profiles of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Actinobacteria, Fusobacterium, Firmicutes, and Bacteroides in stool samples from patients with severe depression and healthy individuals. Psychoneuroendocrinology 170:107090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2024.107090","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20977","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24773-7","volume":"12","author":"HM Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen HM, Chung YE, Chen HC, Liu YW, Chen IM, Lu ML, Hsiao FS, Chen CH et al (2022) Exploration of the relationship between gut microbiota and fecal microRNAs in patients with major depressive disorder. Sci Rep 12(1):20977. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-24773-7","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6152_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.143","volume":"282","author":"YH Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen YH, Xue F, Yu SF, Li XS, Liu L, Jia YY, Yan WJ, Tan QR et al (2021) Gut microbiota dysbiosis in depressed women: the association of symptom severity and microbiota function. J Affect Disord 282:391\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.143","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291719003027","volume":"51","author":"WT Lai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lai WT, Deng WF, Xu SX, Zhao J, Xu D, Liu YH, Guo YY, Wang MB et al (2021) Shotgun metagenomics reveals both taxonomic and tryptophan pathway differences of gut microbiota in major depressive disorder patients. Psychol Med 51(1):90\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291719003027","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"6152_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2022.115893","volume":"437","author":"XJ Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu XJ, Chen YM, Liu XJ, Bai XJ, Liu KL, Fu LY, Gao HL, Sun TZ et al (2022) Beneficial effects of metformin supplementation in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and arcuate nucleus of type 2 diabetic rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 437:115893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2022.115893","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2012.03.002","volume":"88","author":"PC Ren","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ren PC, Zhang Y, Zhang XD, An LJ, Lv HG, He J, Gao CJ, Sun XD (2012) High-mobility group box 1 contributes to mechanical allodynia and spinal astrocytic activation in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Brain Res Bull 88(4):332\u2013337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2012.03.002","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"9","key":"6152_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-025-01534-w","volume":"57","author":"T Niu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Niu T, Wang S, Zhang H, Zhu W, Liu K, Zhou X, Sun R, Niu D et al (2025) Cholesterol-driven pathological astrocytic responses in diabetes-associated cognitive impairment through astrocytic SCAP accumulation and NF-\u03baB-C3 signaling modulation. Exp Mol Med 57(9):2083\u20132105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s12276-025-01534-w","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"key":"6152_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6404964","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6404964","volume":"2022","author":"LV Natrus","year":"2022","unstructured":"Natrus LV, Osadchuk YS, Lisakovska OO, Labudzinskyi DO, Klys YG, Chaikovsky YB (2022) Effect of propionic acid on diabetes-induced impairment of unfolded protein response signaling and astrocyte\/microglia crosstalk in rat ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. Neural Plast 2022:6404964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/6404964","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14361","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-65096-z","volume":"14","author":"Y Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo Y, Zeng J, Zhuang Y, Jiang C, Xie W (2024) MiR-503-5p alleviates peripheral neuropathy-induced neuropathic pain in T2DM mice by regulating SEPT9 to inhibit astrocyte activation. Sci Rep 14(1):14361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-65096-z","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"6152_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22349","volume":"60","author":"JR Dauch","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dauch JR, Yanik BM, Hsieh W, Oh SS, Cheng HT (2012) Neuron-astrocyte signaling network in spinal cord dorsal horn mediates painful neuropathy of type 2 diabetes. Glia 60(9):1301\u20131315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.22349","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"6","key":"6152_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.09.010","volume":"63","author":"DP Wong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wong DP, Chu JM, Hung VK, Lee DK, Cheng CH, Yung KK, Yue KK (2013) Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone GRP78 by high glucose in hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and C6 astrocytic cells. Neurochem Int 63(6):551\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.09.010","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5906","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19576-1","volume":"11","author":"MH Rahman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rahman MH, Bhusal A, Kim JH, Jha MK, Song GJ, Go Y, Jang IS, Lee IK et al (2020) Astrocytic pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-2 is involved in hypothalamic inflammation in mouse models of diabetes. Nat Commun 11(1):5906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-19576-1","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"6152_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00399","volume":"9","author":"R Takechi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Takechi R, Lam V, Brook E, Giles C, Fimognari N, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H, Coulson SH et al (2017) Blood-brain barrier dysfunction precedes cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in diabetic insulin resistant mouse model: an implication for causal link. Front Aging Neurosci 9:399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00399","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"6152_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15242","volume":"157","author":"R Yu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yu R, Wen S, Wang Q, Wang C, Zhang L, Wu X, Li J, Kong L (2021) Mulberroside A repairs high fructose diet-induced damage of intestinal epithelial and blood-brain barriers in mice: a potential for preventing hippocampal neuroinflammatory injury. J Neurochem 157(6):1979\u20131991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnc.15242","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1530\/jme-20-0321","volume":"66","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Zhou H, Zhou J (2021) Neuritin inhibits astrogliosis to ameliorate diabetic cognitive dysfunction. J Mol Endocrinol 66(4):259\u2013272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/jme-20-0321","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13201","volume":"26","author":"S Shi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shi S, Yin HJ, Li J, Wang L, Wang WP, Wang XL (2020) Studies of pathology and pharmacology of diabetic encephalopathy with KK-Ay mouse model. CNS Neurosci Ther 26(3):332\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cns.13201","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-014-9562-z","volume":"29","author":"A Nagayach","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nagayach A, Patro N, Patro I (2014) Astrocytic and microglial response in experimentally induced diabetic rat brain. Metab Brain Dis 29(3):747\u2013761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11011-014-9562-z","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"6152_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5314","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0766","volume":"147","author":"AM Lechuga-Sancho","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lechuga-Sancho AM, Arroba AI, Frago LM, Garc\u00eda-C\u00e1ceres C, de C\u00e9lix AD, Argente J, Chowen JA (2006) Reduction in the number of astrocytes and their projections is associated with increased synaptic protein density in the hypothalamus of poorly controlled diabetic rats. Endocrinology 147(11):5314\u20135324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2006-0766","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-016-1912-2","volume":"41","author":"P Nardin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nardin P, Zanotto C, Hansen F, Batassini C, Gasparin MS, Sesterheim P, Gon\u00e7alves CA (2016) Peripheral levels of AGEs and astrocyte alterations in the hippocampus of STZ-diabetic rats. Neurochem Res 41(8):2006\u20132016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-016-1912-2","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"6152_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.07.094","volume":"444","author":"YV Lebed","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lebed YV, Orlovsky MA, Nikonenko AG, Ushakova GA, Skibo GG (2008) Early reaction of astroglial cells in rat hippocampus to streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Neurosci Lett 444(2):181\u2013185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.07.094","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"6152_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136378","volume":"768","author":"X Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu X, He J, Gao J, Xiao Z (2022) Fluorocitrate and neurotropin confer analgesic effects on neuropathic pain in diabetic rats via inhibition of astrocyte activation in the periaqueductal gray. Neurosci Lett 768:136378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136378","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-018-2503-1","volume":"43","author":"X Chu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chu X, Zhou S, Sun R, Wang L, Xing C, Liang R, Kong Q (2018) Chrysophanol relieves cognition deficits and neuronal loss through inhibition of inflammation in diabetic mice. Neurochem Res 43(4):972\u2013983. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-018-2503-1","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2016.10.007","volume":"1863","author":"N Kiguchi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kiguchi N, Ding H, Peters CM, Kock ND, Kishioka S, Cline JM, Wagner JD, Ko MC (2017) Altered expression of glial markers, chemokines, and opioid receptors in the spinal cord of type 2 diabetic monkeys. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1863(1):274\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2016.10.007","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-022-03663-4","volume":"48","author":"S Aten","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aten S, Du Y, Taylor O, Dye C, Collins K, Thomas M, Kiyoshi C, Zhou M (2023) Chronic stress impairs the structure and function of astrocyte networks in an animal model of depression. Neurochem Res 48(4):1191\u20131210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-022-03663-4","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"6152_CR226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4128","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-02993-3","volume":"30","author":"JL Bollinger","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bollinger JL, Johnsamuel S, Vollmer LL, Kuhn AM, Wohleb ES (2025) Stress-induced dysfunction of neurovascular astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex contributes to sex-dependent deficits in cognition and behavior. Mol Psychiatry 30(9):4128\u20134141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-025-02993-3","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2528","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-57924-1","volume":"16","author":"D Chi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chi D, Zhang K, Zhang J, He Z, Zhou H, Huang W, Liu Y, Huang J et al (2025) Astrocytic pleiotrophin deficiency in the prefrontal cortex contributes to stress-induced depressive-like responses in male mice. Nat Commun 16(1):2528. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-025-57924-1","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"6","key":"6152_CR228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-023-03857-4","volume":"48","author":"T Cong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cong T, Sun Y, Zhou Y, Wu H, Li L, Chu Z, Chen X, Li J et al (2023) Blocking two-pore domain potassium channel TREK-1 inhibits the activation of A1-like reactive astrocyte through the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway in a rat model of major depressive disorder. Neurochem Res 48(6):1737\u20131754. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-023-03857-4","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02389-y","volume":"19","author":"Y Fang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fang Y, Ding X, Zhang Y, Cai L, Ge Y, Ma K, Xu R, Li S et al (2022) Fluoxetine inhibited the activation of A1 reactive astrocyte in a mouse model of major depressive disorder through astrocytic 5-HT(2B)R\/\u03b2-arrestin2 pathway. J Neuroinflammation 19(1):23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-022-02389-y","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05839-4","volume":"14","author":"SS Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin SS, Zhou B, Chen BJ, Jiang RT, Li B, Illes P, Semyanov A, Tang Y et al (2023) Electroacupuncture prevents astrocyte atrophy to alleviate depression. Cell Death Dis 14(5):343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-023-05839-4","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"6152_CR231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.06.012","volume":"79","author":"F Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu F, Wu J, Gong Y, Wang P, Zhu L, Tong L, Chen X, Ling Y et al (2017) Harmine produces antidepressant-like effects via restoration of astrocytic functions. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 79(Pt B):258\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.06.012","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"6152_CR232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-015-4128-2","volume":"233","author":"WX Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu WX, Wang J, Xie ZM, Xu N, Zhang GF, Jia M, Zhou ZQ, Hashimoto K et al (2016) Regulation of glutamate transporter 1 via BDNF-TrkB signaling plays a role in the anti-apoptotic and antidepressant effects of ketamine in chronic unpredictable stress model of depression. Psychopharmacology 233(3):405\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-015-4128-2","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02597-6","volume":"19","author":"Y Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu Y, Song N, Yao H, Jiang S, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Zhou Y, Ding J et al (2022) \u03b2-Arrestin2-biased Drd2 agonist UNC9995 alleviates astrocyte inflammatory injury via interaction between \u03b2-arrestin2 and STAT3 in mouse model of depression. J Neuroinflammation 19(1):240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-022-02597-6","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"6152_CR234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2024.110903","volume":"208","author":"HS Shin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shin HS, Lee SH, Moon HJ, So YH, Jang HJ, Lee KH, Ahn C, Jung EM (2024) Prolonged stress response induced by chronic stress and corticosterone exposure causes adult neurogenesis inhibition and astrocyte loss in mouse hippocampus. Brain Res Bull 208:110903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2024.110903","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-013-1203-0","volume":"39","author":"R Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang R, Peng Z, Wang H, Xue F, Chen Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Tan Q (2014) Gastrodin ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and up-regulates the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus and hippocampal-derived astrocyte of rats. Neurochem Res 39(1):172\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-013-1203-0","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"6152_CR236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114466","volume":"281","author":"QL Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng QL, Zhu HY, Xu X, Chu SF, Cui LY, Dong YX, Liu YJ, Zhan JH et al (2021) Korean red ginseng alleviate depressive disorder by improving astrocyte gap junction function. J Ethnopharmacol 281:114466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114466","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5730","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15234","volume":"54","author":"G Virmani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Virmani G, D\u2019Almeida P, Nandi A, Marathe S (2021) Subfield-specific effects of chronic mild unpredictable stress on hippocampal astrocytes. Eur J Neurosci 54(5):5730\u20135746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejn.15234","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"6152_CR238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.120110","volume":"38","author":"MJ Chandley","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chandley MJ, Szebeni K, Szebeni A, Crawford J, Stockmeier CA, Turecki G, Miguel-Hidalgo JJ, Ordway GA (2013) Gene expression deficits in pontine locus coeruleus astrocytes in men with major depressive disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 38(4):276\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/jpn.120110","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"6152_CR239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.12.044","volume":"316","author":"JA Cobb","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cobb JA, O\u2019Neill K, Milner J, Mahajan GJ, Lawrence TJ, May WL, Miguel-Hidalgo J, Rajkowska G et al (2016) Density of GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes is decreased in left hippocampi in major depressive disorder. Neuroscience 316:209\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.12.044","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.5.556","volume":"73","author":"S Davis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Davis S, Thomas A, Perry R, Oakley A, Kalaria RN, O\u2019Brien JT (2002) Glial fibrillary acidic protein in late life major depressive disorder: an immunocytochemical study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 73(5):556\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.73.5.556","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"6152_CR241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02665-2","volume":"13","author":"S He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He S, Shi Y, Ye J, Yin J, Yang Y, Liu D, Shen T, Zeng D et al (2023) Does decreased autophagy and dysregulation of LC3A in astrocytes play a role in major depressive disorder? Transl Psychiatry 13(1):362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-023-02665-2","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"13","key":"6152_CR242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.154","volume":"36","author":"SG Torres-Platas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Torres-Platas SG, Hercher C, Davoli MA, Maussion G, Labont\u00e9 B, Turecki G, Mechawar N (2011) Astrocytic hypertrophy in anterior cingulate white matter of depressed suicides. Neuropsychopharmacology 36(13):2650\u20132658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npp.2011.154","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"6152_CR243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2010.00838.x","volume":"12","author":"LL Altshuler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Altshuler LL, Abulseoud OA, Foland-Ross L, Bartzokis G, Chang S, Mintz J, Hellemann G, Vinters HV (2010) Amygdala astrocyte reduction in subjects with major depressive disorder but not bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 12(5):541\u2013549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2010.00838.x","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"6152_CR244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.07.005","volume":"47","author":"T Gos","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gos T, Schroeter ML, Lessel W, Bernstein HG, Dobrowolny H, Schiltz K, Bogerts B, Steiner J (2013) S100B-immunopositive astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the hippocampus are differentially afflicted in unipolar and bipolar depression: a postmortem study. J Psychiatr Res 47(11):1694\u20131699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.07.005","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"6152_CR245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-3223(00)00999-9","volume":"48","author":"JJ Miguel-Hidalgo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Miguel-Hidalgo JJ, Baucom C, Dilley G, Overholser JC, Meltzer HY, Stockmeier CA, Rajkowska G (2000) Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in the prefrontal cortex distinguishes younger from older adults in major depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry 48(8):861\u2013873. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-3223(00)00999-9","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Molecular Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-026-06152-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12035-026-06152-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12035-026-06152-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T07:07:53Z","timestamp":1788160073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12035-026-06152-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":245,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["6152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-026-06152-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-7648","1559-1182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-7648","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-1182","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"871"}}