{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:43:02Z","timestamp":1778546582636,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this article we present a case of a 35-year-old patient with a massive 43\u2009\u00d7\u200935\u2009\u00d7\u200934\u00a0mm cavernous venous malformation of the left orbit. The orbital lesion was initially observed in 2008 and remained untreated to 2021 due to the patient\u2019s refusal to consent to the surgical procedure; which caused the tumor to grow to monstrous dimensions.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-022-03249-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T19:57:04Z","timestamp":1669406224000},"page":"1000-1005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Orbital Cavernous Venous Malformation in a 35-Year-Old Man: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8515-3978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Jaxa-Kwiatkowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Tomczyk-Kurza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kubiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"3249_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.01.002","volume":"111","author":"JA Shields","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shields JA, Shields CL, Scartozzi R (2004) Survey of 1264 patients with orbital tumors and simulating lesions: the 2002 montgomery lecture, part 1. Ophthalmology 111(5):997\u20131008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.01.002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3249_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1076\/orbi.23.1.33.28992","volume":"23","author":"J Yan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yan J, Wu Z (2004) Cavernous hemangioma of the orbit: analysis of 214 cases. Orbit 23(1):33\u201340","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"3249_CR3","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Orbital tumors","author":"JW Henderson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Henderson JW (1994) Orbital tumors, 3rd edn. Raven Press, New York, pp 95\u2013100","edition":"3"},{"key":"3249_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gaillard F, Luong D (2005) Orbital cavernous venous malformation, Radiopaedia.org. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53347\/rID-9538","DOI":"10.53347\/rID-9538"},{"issue":"6","key":"3249_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005501","volume":"30","author":"MH Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim MH, Kim JH, Kim SE, Yang SW (2019) Surgical outcomes of intraconal cavernous venous malformation according to their location in four right-angled sectors. J Craniofac Surg 30(6):1700\u20131705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005501","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"3249_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6657(12)70747-3","volume":"66","author":"P Pie\u0144kowski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pie\u0144kowski P, Wieloch M, Golusinski W, Pazdrowski J, \u0141uczewski \u0141 (2012) Orbital tumors in material of department of head and neck surgery and oncological laryngology of greater Poland cancer center 2007\u20132010. Otolaryngol Pol 66(1):39\u201342","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Pol"},{"key":"3249_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin E, Garg K, Escott E et-al (2008) Practical differential diagnosis for CT and MRI. Thieme Medical Pub, ISBN:1588906558","DOI":"10.1055\/b-002-72256"},{"key":"3249_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller-Forell WS, Boltshauser E (2005) Imaging of orbital and visual pathway pathology. Springer Verlag, ISBN:3540279881","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-27989-X_6"},{"issue":"1","key":"3249_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1179\/016164103101200996","volume":"25","author":"B Erdogan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Erdogan B, Sen O, Aydin VM, Yildirim T, Bircan S, Altinors N (2003) Multi-organ cavernous hemangiomas: case report. Neurol Res 25(1):92\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/016164103101200996","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"3249_CR10","unstructured":"Rootman J (2003) Diseases of the orbit: a multi disciplinary approach. 2nd ed"},{"key":"3249_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1986.65.5.0716","volume":"65","author":"B Rosenblum","year":"1986","unstructured":"Rosenblum B, Rothman AS, Lanzieri C, Sonc AS (1986) A cavernous sinus cavernous hemangioma case report. J Neurosurg 65:716\u2013718","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"3249_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e31827a7622","volume":"29","author":"G Bonavolont\u00e0","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bonavolont\u00e0 G, Strianese D, Grassi P, Comune C, Tranfa F, Uccello G, Iuliano A (2013) An analysis of 2480 space-occupying lesions of the orbit from 1976 to 2011. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 29(2):79\u201386","journal-title":"Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"3249_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3109\/01676839609150069","volume":"15","author":"PR Alfred","year":"1996","unstructured":"Alfred PR, Char DH (1996) Cavernous hemangioma of the orbit. Orbit 15:59\u201366","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"3249_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808314","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/808314","volume":"2015","author":"N Mouchtouris","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mouchtouris N, Chalouhi N, Chitale A, Starke RM, Tjoumakaris SI, Rosenwasser RH, Jabbour PM (2015) Management of cerebral cavernous malformations: from diagnosis to treatment. Sci World J 2015:808314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/808314","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"issue":"5","key":"3249_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.5483\/bmbrep.2016.49.5.036","volume":"49","author":"J Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim J (2016) Introduction to cerebral cavernous malformation: a brief review. BMB Rep 49(5):255\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5483\/bmbrep.2016.49.5.036","journal-title":"BMB Rep"},{"key":"3249_CR16","first-page":"225","volume":"27","author":"SZ Leng","year":"1991","unstructured":"Leng SZ (1991) Clinical analysis of orbital cavernous hemangiomas. Chung Hua Yen Ko Tsa Chih (Chin J Ophthalmol) 27:225\u2013226","journal-title":"Chung Hua Yen Ko Tsa Chih (Chin J Ophthalmol)"},{"key":"3249_CR17","first-page":"1495","volume-title":"Harrison\u2019s principles of the internalmedicine","author":"KJ Isselbacher","year":"1994","unstructured":"Isselbacher KJ, Dienstag JL (1994) Tumors of the liver. In: Isselbacher KJ, Braunwald E, Wilson JD, Martin JB, Fauci AS, Kasper DL (eds) Harrison\u2019s principles of the internalmedicine, vol 2. Edition 13,  McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 1495\u20131498"},{"key":"3249_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.23937\/2474-3682\/1510113","volume":"4","author":"SA Mirhosseini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mirhosseini SA, Ghanei ME, Zarepur E, Bidaki R (2018) Cavernous hemangioma of spinal cord: a clinical image. Clin Med Img Lib 4:113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23937\/2474-3682\/1510113","journal-title":"Clin Med Img Lib"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"3249_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.2298\/mpns1106327l","volume":"64","author":"A Lovrenski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lovrenski A, Panjkovi\u0107 M, Eri Z, Klem I, Samardzija G, Mili\u0107 M (2011) Cavernous hemangioma of the lung. Med Pregl 64(5\u20136):327\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2298\/mpns1106327l","journal-title":"Med Pregl"},{"issue":"12","key":"3249_CR20","first-page":"e356","volume":"49","author":"D Ghuliani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ghuliani D, Agarwal S, Thomas S, Pathania OP (2008) Giant cavernous haemangioma of the spleen presenting as massive splenomegaly and treated by partial splenectomy. Singap Med J 49(12):e356\u2013e358","journal-title":"Singap Med J"},{"key":"3249_CR21","unstructured":"Zyck S, Grahame C (2022) Gould, cavernous venous malformation, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing"},{"issue":"6","key":"3249_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.9.FOCUS11211","volume":"31","author":"RT Dalyai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dalyai RT, Ghobrial G, Awad I, Tjoumakaris S, Gonzalez LF, Dumont AS, Chalouhi N, Randazzo C, Rosenwasser R, Jabbour P (2011) Management of incidental cavernous malformations: a review. Neurosurg Focus 31(6):E5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2011.9.FOCUS11211","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"6","key":"3249_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.93.6.0981","volume":"93","author":"RE Clatterbuck","year":"2000","unstructured":"Clatterbuck RE, Moriarity JL, Elmaci I, Lee RR, Breiter SN, Rigamonti D (2000) Dynamic nature of cavernous malformations: a prospective magnetic resonance imaging study with volumetric analysis. J Neurosurg 93(6):981\u2013986. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.2000.93.6.0981","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"3249_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X1996000400018","volume":"54","author":"JL Fobe","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fobe JL, de Lima JB, de Buone ML, CoreeaNeto J (1996) Familial cavernous angioma. Report in 3 generations. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 54:665\u2013660","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"3249_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.07.222","volume":"131","author":"KN Kearns","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kearns KN, Chen CJ, Yagmurlu K, Capek S, Buell TJ, Taylor DG, Pomeraniec IJ, Park MS, Kalani MY (2019) Hemorrhage risk of untreated isolated cerebral cavernous malformations. World Neurosurg 131:e557\u2013e561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.07.222","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"3249_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-306657","volume":"100","author":"AM Barnacle","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barnacle AM, Theodorou M, Maling SJ, Abou-Rayyah Y (2016) Sclerotherapy treatment of orbital lymphatic malformations: a large single-centre experience. Br J Ophthalmol 100(2):204\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-306657","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3249_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.09.026","volume":"141","author":"RM Schwarcz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schwarcz RM, Ben Simon GJ, Cook T, Goldberg RA (2006) Sclerosing therapy as first line treatment for low flow vascular lesions of the orbit. Am J Ophthalmol 141(2):333\u2013339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.09.026","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3249_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1076\/orbi.23.1.33.28992","volume":"23","author":"J Yan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yan J, Wu Z (2004) Cavernous hemangioma of the orbit: analysis of 214 cases. Orbit 23(1):33\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1076\/orbi.23.1.33.28992","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"issue":"4","key":"3249_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1713904","volume":"81","author":"RP Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee RP, Khalafallah AM, Gami A, Mukherjee D (2020) The lateral orbitotomy approach for intraorbital lesions. J Neurol Surg Part B: Skull Base 81(4):435\u2013441","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg Part B: Skull Base"},{"issue":"29","key":"3249_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20670","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020670","volume":"99","author":"C Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deng C, Hu W (2020) Multiple cavernous hemangiomas in the orbit. Medicine 99(29):e20670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000020670","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"3249_CR31","first-page":"244","volume":"7","author":"A Bagheri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bagheri A, Khandan S, Salour H, Aletaha M, Abrishami A (2012) Recurrent orbital cavernous hemangioma due to overlooked multiple tumors. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 7(3):244","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12070-022-03249-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12070-022-03249-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12070-022-03249-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T17:39:47Z","timestamp":1685641187000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12070-022-03249-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3249"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12070-022-03249-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2231-3796","0973-7707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2231-3796","type":"print"},{"value":"0973-7707","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 October 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The author\u2019s declared that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}