{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T13:26:20Z","timestamp":1790083580833,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,10]],"date-time":"2012-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1331337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hepatol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-012-9353-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,9]],"date-time":"2012-03-09T12:23:11Z","timestamp":1331295791000},"page":"248-256","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Early primary prophylaxis with beta-blockers does not prevent the growth of small esophageal varices in cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Shiv Kumar","family":"Sarin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smruti Ranjan","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praveen","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barjesh Chander","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"9353_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00430-0","volume":"38","author":"J Bosch","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bosch J, Abraldes JG, Groszmann R. Current management of portal hypertension. J Hepatol 2003;38(Suppl 1):S54\u2013S68","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"9353_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(05)70186-0","volume":"5","author":"R Franchis de","year":"2001","unstructured":"de Franchis R, Primignani M. Natural history of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Clin Liver Dis 2001;5:645\u2013663","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"9353_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.10.013","volume":"44","author":"G D\u2019Amico","year":"2006","unstructured":"D\u2019Amico G, Garcia-Tsao G, Pagliaro L. Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in cirrhosis: a systematic review of 118 studies. J Hepatol 2006;44:217\u2013231","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"9353_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.31.11.1298","volume":"31","author":"P Cal\u00e8s","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cal\u00e8s P, Desmorat H, Vinel JP, et al. Incidence of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: application to prophylaxis of first bleeding. Gut 1990;31:1298\u20131302","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"9353_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.01775.x","volume":"95","author":"M Zoli","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zoli M, Merkel C, Magalotti D, et al. Natural history of cirrhotic patients with small esophageal varices: a prospective study. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:503\u2013508","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"9353_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00420-8","volume":"38","author":"M Merli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Merli M, Nicolini G, Angeloni S, et al. Incidence and natural history of small esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. J Hepatol 2003;38:266\u2013272","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"9353_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007133","volume":"19","author":"G D\u2019Amico","year":"1999","unstructured":"D\u2019Amico G, Pagliaro L, Bosch J. Pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension: an evidence-based approach. Semin Liver Dis 1999;19:475\u2013505","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"9353_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115062","volume":"87","author":"SK Sarin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sarin SK, Groszmann RJ, Mosca PG, et al. Propranolol ameliorates the development of portal-systemic shunting in a chronic murine schistosomiasis model of portal hypertension. J Clin Invest 1991;87:1032\u20131036","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"9353_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-007-9010-9","volume":"1","author":"SK Sarin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sarin SK, Kumar A, Angus PW, APASL Working Party on Portal Hypertension, et al. Primary prophylaxis of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding: consensus recommendations of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver. Hepatol Int 2008;1:398\u2013413","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"9353_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199907000-00011","volume":"11","author":"P Cal\u00e9s","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cal\u00e9s P, Oberti F, Payen JL, French-Speaking Club for the Study of Portal Hypertension, et al. Lack of effect of propranolol in the prevention of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: a randomized trial. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1999;11:741\u2013745","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"9353_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.004","volume":"127","author":"C Merkel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Merkel C, Marin R, Angeli P, Gruppo Triveneto perl\u2019Ipertensione Portale, et al. A placebo-controlled clinical trial of nadolol in the prophylaxis of growth of small esophageal varices in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2004;127:476\u2013484","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"9353_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250145","volume":"25","author":"A Armonis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Armonis A, Patch D, Burroughs A. Hepatic venous pressure measurement: an old test as a new prognostic marker in cirrhosis? Hepatology 1997;25:245\u2013248","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"9353_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90185-2","volume":"102","author":"C Merkel","year":"1992","unstructured":"Merkel C, Bolognesi M, Bellon S, et al. Prognostic usefulness of hepatic vein catheterization in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 1992;102:973\u2013979","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"9353_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.03.048","volume":"137","author":"C Villanueva","year":"2009","unstructured":"Villanueva C, Aracil C, Colomo A, et al. Acute hemodynamic response to beta-blockers and prediction of long-term outcome in primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2009;137:119\u2013128","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"9353_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.04.015","volume":"51","author":"V Mura La","year":"2009","unstructured":"La Mura V, Abraldes JG, Raffa S, et al. Prognostic value of acute hemodynamic response to i.v. propranolol in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. J Hepatol 2009;51:279\u2013287","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"9353_CR16","first-page":"442","volume":"70","author":"HO Conn","year":"1967","unstructured":"Conn HO. Ammonia tolerance in the diagnosis of esophageal varices. A comparison of endoscopic, radiologic, and biochemical techniques. J Lab Clin Med 1967;70:442\u2013451","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"9353_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(92)90044-P","volume":"15","author":"R Franchis de","year":"1992","unstructured":"de Franchis R, Pascal JP, Ancona E, et al. Definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension. A Consensus Development Workshop, Baveno, Lake Maggiore, Italy, April 5 and 6, 1990. J Hepatol 1992;15:256\u2013261","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"9353_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20062","volume":"39","author":"RJ Groszmann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Groszmann RJ, Wongcharatrawee S. The hepatic venous pressure gradient: anything worth doing should be done right. Hepatology 2004;39:280\u2013282","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"9353_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(91)90817-U","volume":"13","author":"HC Lin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lin HC, Soubrane O, Cailmail S, Lebrec D. Early chronic administration of propranolol reduces the severity of portal hypertension and portal-systemic shunts in conscious portal vein stenosed rats. J Hepatol 1991;13:213\u2013219","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"9353_CR20","unstructured":"Garcia-Pagan JC, Fernandez M, Pizcueta MP, Bosch J, Rodes J. Continued propranolol administration attenuates the hemodynamic disturbances associated with the development of portal hypertension in rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis. Biennial Scientific Meeting of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, Brighton; 1992. Abstract OP 72"},{"key":"9353_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-008-9070-5","volume":"2","author":"L Fizanne","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fizanne L, R\u00e9genet N, Wang J et al. Hemodynamic effects of the early and long-term administration of propranolol in rats with intrahepatic portal hypertension. Hepatol Int 2008;2:457\u2013464","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"9353_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v112.pm9178694","volume":"112","author":"A Escorsell","year":"1997","unstructured":"Escorsell A, Ferayorni L, Bosch J et al. The portal pressure response to beta-blockade is greater in cirrhotic patients without varices than in those with varices. Gastroenterology 1997;112:2012\u20132016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"9353_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044456","volume":"353","author":"RJ Groszmann","year":"2005","unstructured":"Groszmann RJ, Garcia-Tsao G, Bosch J, Portal Hypertension Collaborative Group, et al. Beta-blockers to prevent gastroesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2005;353:2254\u2013561","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"9353_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840140612","volume":"14","author":"PROVA Study Group","year":"1991","unstructured":"PROVA Study Group. Prophylaxis of first hemorrhage from esophageal varices by sclerotherapy, propranolol or both in cirrhotic patients: a randomized multicenter trial. Hepatology 1991;14:1016\u20131024","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"9353_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840120624","volume":"12","author":"T Andreani","year":"1990","unstructured":"Andreani T, Poupon RE, Balkau BJ, et al. Preventive therapy of first gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis: results of a controlled trial comparing propranolol, endoscopic sclerotherapy and placebo. Hepatology 1990;12:1413\u20131419","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"9353_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840130517","volume":"13","author":"HO Conn","year":"1991","unstructured":"Conn HO, Grace ND, Bosch J, Boston-New Haven-Barcelona Portal Hypertension Study Group, et al. Propranolol in the prevention of the first hemorrhage from esophagogastric varices: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Hepatology 1991;13:902\u2013912","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"9353_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01191.x","volume":"102","author":"A Albillos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Albillos A, Ba\u00f1ares R, Gonz\u00e1lez M, et al. Value of the hepatic venous pressure gradient to monitor drug therapy for portal hypertension: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2007;102:1116\u20131126","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"9353_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22273","volume":"47","author":"G Garcia-Tsao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Garcia-Tsao G, Bosch J, Groszmann RJ. Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding\u2014unresolved issues. Summary of an American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and European Association for the Study of the Liver single-topic conference. Hepatology 2008;47:1764\u20131772","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"9353_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198810133191505","volume":"319","author":"North Italian Endoscopic Club for the Study and Treatment of Esophageal Varices","year":"1988","unstructured":"North Italian Endoscopic Club for the Study and Treatment of Esophageal Varices. Prediction of the first variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and esophageal varices. A prospective multicenter study. N Engl J Med 1988;319:983\u2013989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Hepatology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12072-012-9353-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12072-012-9353-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12072-012-9353-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]],"date-time":"2019-06-02T03:37:11Z","timestamp":1559446631000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12072-012-9353-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,10]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9353"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12072-012-9353-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0533","1936-0541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0533","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-0541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,10]]}}}