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Clinical factors and imaging characteristics were assessed. Three different models were established by logistic regression analyses based on clinical factors (Model\n                      <jats:sup>C<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), imaging characteristics (Model\n                      <jats:sup>I<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), and a combination of both (Model\n                      <jats:sup>CI<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Their discrimination, calibration, and decision curves were compared, to identify the best model. Subgroup analysis was performed for the best model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Model\n                      <jats:sup>CI<\/jats:sup>\n                      , which contained two clinical factors and two imaging characteristics, was identified as the best model. The areas under the curve of Model\n                      <jats:sup>C<\/jats:sup>\n                      , Model\n                      <jats:sup>I<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and Model\n                      <jats:sup>CI<\/jats:sup>\n                      were 0.870, 0.963, and 0.978 for the training dataset and 0.831, 0.971, and 0.969 for the validation dataset. The combined model outperformed the clinical and imaging models in terms of calibration and decision curves. The performance of Model\n                      <jats:sup>CI<\/jats:sup>\n                      was not influenced by total bilirubin, Child\u2013Pugh stages, model of end-stage liver disease score, or ammonia. The subgroup with a risk score \u2265\u20090.88 exhibited a higher proportion of overt HE (training dataset: 13.3% vs. 97.4%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; validation dataset: 0.0% vs. 87.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our combination model can successfully predict the risk of overt HE post-TIPS. For the low-risk subgroup, TIPS can be performed safely; however, for the high-risk subgroup, it should be considered more carefully.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphic abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-021-10188-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T12:07:40Z","timestamp":1620734860000},"page":"730-740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Prediction of overt hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt treatment: a cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenan","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianwen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenfeng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongyang","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ligong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"10188_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.024","volume":"69","author":"P Angeli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Angeli P, Bernardi M, Villanueva C, Francoz C, Mookerjee RP, Trebicka J, Krag A, et al. 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All patients\u2019 data were anonymised before analysis.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed consent for publication was waived because the patients\u2019 data were collected retrospectively.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. Informed consent was waived because the patients\u2019 data were collected retrospectively. All patients\u2019 data were anonymised before analysis.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent in studies with human subjects"}}]}}