{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T10:15:44Z","timestamp":1792318544071,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hepatol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-025-10903-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T02:53:01Z","timestamp":1758250381000},"page":"1444-1453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Propranolol versus endoscopic variceal ligation for primary prophylaxis of esophageal varices in cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7210-6713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo Corr\u00eaa","family":"S\u00fcffert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Pedro Possapp","family":"Beis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella Heringer","family":"Padilha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrique Steffens","family":"de Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesu\u00e9ly Spieckert","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor Alves","family":"Galv\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederico","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Campos Appel","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10903_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2013.08.004","volume":"27","author":"F Turon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Turon F, Casu S, Hern\u00e1ndez-Gea V, Garcia-Pag\u00e1n JC. Variceal and other portal hypertension related bleeding. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2013;27(5):649\u2013664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpg.2013.08.004","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10903_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.33419","volume":"122","author":"DM Jensen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jensen DM. Endoscopic screening for varices in cirrhosis: findings, implications, and outcomes. Gastroenterology. 2002;122(6):1620\u20131630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/gast.2002.33419","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"18","key":"10903_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.5997","volume":"329","author":"EB Tapper","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tapper EB, Parikh ND. Diagnosis and management of cirrhosis and its complications: a review. JAMA. 2023;329(18):1589\u20131602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2023.5997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10903_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.022","volume":"76","author":"R de Franchis","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Franchis R, Bosch J, Garcia-Tsao G, Reiberger T, Ripoll C, Baveno VII Faculty. Baveno VII\u2014renewing consensus in portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2022;76(4):959\u2013974. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.022","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10903_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000647.7","volume":"79","author":"DE Kaplan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kaplan DE, Ripoll C, Thiele M, Fortune BE, Simonetto DA, Garcia-Tsao G, et al. AASLD Practice Guidance on risk stratification and management of portal hypertension and varices in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2024;79(3):1180\u20131211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000647.7","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10903_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013121.pub2","volume":"2021","author":"D Roccarina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roccarina D, Best LMJ, Freeman SC, Roberts D, Cooper NJ, Sutton AJ, et al. Primary prevention of variceal bleeding in people with oesophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;2021(4): CD013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD013121.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"10903_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004544.pub2","volume":"2012","author":"LL Gluud","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gluud LL, Krag A. Banding ligation versus beta-blockers for primary prevention in oesophageal varices in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;2012(8): CD004544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004544.pub2","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10903_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372: n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10903_CR9","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.4 (updated August 2023) [Internet]. Cochrane; 2023 [cited 2025 Sep 8]. Available from: https:\/\/training.cochrane.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10903_CR10","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.r-project.org"},{"key":"10903_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JAC, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Blencowe NS, Boutron I, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019;366: l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10903_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, Sch\u00fcnemann HJ; GRADE Working Group. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336(7650):924\u2013926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD"},{"issue":"5","key":"10903_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-022-10361-4","volume":"16","author":"V Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh V, Kumar P, Verma N, Vijayvergiya R, Singh A, Bhalla A. Propranolol vs. band ligation for primary prophylaxis of variceal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients with ascites: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatol Int. 2022;16(5):944\u2013953. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12072-022-10361-4","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10903_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-017-9835-9","volume":"12","author":"AYY ElRahim","year":"2018","unstructured":"ElRahim AYY, Fouad R, Khairy M, Elsharkawy A, Fathalah W, Khatamish H, et al. Efficacy of carvedilol versus propranolol versus variceal band ligation for primary prevention of variceal bleeding. Hepatol Int. 2018;12(1):75\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12072-017-9835-9","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10903_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1672-7347.2012.05.016","volume":"37","author":"C Feng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Feng C, Huang F, Nie W, Liu X, Ren S. Comparison of endoscopic band ligation and propranolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. J Cent South Univ (Med Sci). 2012;37(5):513\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1672-7347.2012.05.016","journal-title":"J Cent South Univ (Med Sci)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10903_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31562-5","volume":"10","author":"P Drastich","year":"2011","unstructured":"Drastich P, Lata J, Petrtyl J, Bruha R, Prochazka V, Vanasek T, et al. Endoscopic variceal band ligation compared with propranolol for prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding. Ann Hepatol. 2011;10(2):142\u2013149.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31562-5","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10903_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31674-6","volume":"9","author":"RM P\u00e9rez-Ayuso","year":"2010","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Ayuso RM, Valderrama S, Espinoza M, Roll\u00e1n A, S\u00e1nchez R, Otarola F, et al. Endoscopic band ligation versus propranolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with high risk esophageal varices. Ann Hepatol. 2010;9(1):15\u201322.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31674-6","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10903_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21083","volume":"13","author":"L Norberto","year":"2007","unstructured":"Norberto L, Polese L, Cillo U, Grigoletto F, Burroughs AK, Neri D, et al. A randomized study comparing ligation with propranolol for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in candidates for liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2007;13(9):1272\u20131278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lt.21083","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"2","key":"10903_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.04071.x","volume":"21","author":"CS Lay","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lay CS, Tsai YT, Lee FY, Lai YL, Yu CJ, Chen CB, et al. Endoscopic variceal ligation versus propranolol in prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;21(2):413\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.04071.x","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10903_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Psilopoulos D, Galanis P, Goulas S, Papanikolaou IS, Elefsiniotis I, Liatsos C, et al. Endoscopic variceal ligation vs. propranolol for prevention of first variceal bleeding: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;17(10):1111\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00042737-200510000-00007","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200510000-00007"},{"issue":"4","key":"10903_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.01.047","volume":"128","author":"R Jutabha","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jutabha R, Jensen DM, Martin P, Savides T, Han SH, Gornbein J. Randomized study comparing banding and propranolol to prevent initial variceal hemorrhage in cirrhotics with high-risk esophageal varices. Gastroenterology. 2005;128(4):870\u2013881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.01.047","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10903_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-1619-8","volume":"50","author":"PJ Thuluvath","year":"2005","unstructured":"Thuluvath PJ, Maheshwari A, Jagannath S, Arepally A. A randomized controlled trial of \u03b2-blockers versus endoscopic band ligation for primary prophylaxis: a large sample size is required to show a difference in bleeding rates. Dig Dis Sci. 2005;50(2):407\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10620-005-1619-8","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10903_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20284","volume":"40","author":"M Schepke","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schepke M, Kleber G, N\u00fcrnberg D, Willert J, Koch L, Veltzke-Schlieker W, et al. Ligation versus propranolol for the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2004;40(1):65\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.20284","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10903_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.35385","volume":"123","author":"HF Lui","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lui HF, Stanley AJ, Forrest EH, Jalan R, Hislop WS, Mills PR, et al. Primary prophylaxis of variceal hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial comparing band ligation, propranolol, and isosorbide mononitrate. Gastroenterology. 2002;123(3):735\u2013744. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/gast.2002.35385","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"13","key":"10903_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904013401304","volume":"340","author":"SK Sarin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sarin SK, Lamba GS, Kumar M, Misra A, Murthy NS. Comparison of endoscopic ligation and propranolol for the primary prevention of variceal bleeding. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(13):988\u2013993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM199904013401304","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10903_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.1999.01800.x","volume":"14","author":"BK De","year":"1999","unstructured":"De BK, Ghoshal UC, Das T, Santra A, Biswas PK. Endoscopic variceal ligation for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleed: preliminary report of a randomized controlled trial. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999;14(3):220\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1440-1746.1999.01800.x","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10903_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15559","volume":"43","author":"L Turco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Turco L, Reiberger T, Vitale G, La Mura V. Carvedilol as the new non-selective beta-blocker of choice in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Liver Int. 2023;43(6):1183\u20131194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.15559","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"10181","key":"10903_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31875-0","volume":"393","author":"C Villanueva","year":"2019","unstructured":"Villanueva C, Albillos A, Genesc\u00e0 J, Garcia-Pagan JC, Calleja JL, Aracil C, et al. \u0392 blockers to prevent decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (PREDESCI): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet. 2019;393(10181):1597\u20131608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31875-0","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10903_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1159\/000528519","volume":"41","author":"W Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu W, Xu L, Xu F, Wang J, Deng M, Zheng H, et al. A retrospective analysis of the efficacy of endoscopic variceal ligation versus endoscopic tissue adhesive injection in the treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding. Dig Dis. 2023;41(3):468\u2013475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000528519","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10903_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb47050299","volume":"47","author":"K Czarnecka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Czarnecka K, J\u0119drzejec M, Kukie\u0142czy\u0144ska A, Owczarek J, Olejnik \u0141, Szyma\u0144ski P. Selected medicines that can cause cardiac arrest with asystole. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025;47(5): 299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cimb47050299","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["Hepatology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12072-025-10903-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12072-025-10903-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12072-025-10903-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T17:20:10Z","timestamp":1766078410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12072-025-10903-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10903"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12072-025-10903-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0533","1936-0541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0533","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-0541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Leonardo Corr\u00eaa S\u00fcffert, Luis Pedro Possapp Beis, Isabella Heringer Padilha, Henrique Steffens de Abreu, Jesu\u00e9ly Spieckert de Souza, Victor Alves Galv\u00e3o, Frederico Orlando Friedrich, and Marcelo Campos Appel da Silva declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}