{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:08:51Z","timestamp":1761628131453,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FIS PI24\/01605"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS PI24\/01605"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011104","name":"Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Transl Oncol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hematological parameters obtained from a pretreatment peripheral blood lab test, as well as indices calculated from these parameters, are associated with the prognosis of the disease in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The aim of this study is to determine which of the parameters or indices would have the best prognostic ability in HNSCC patients treated with chemo-radiotherapy or bio-radiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods\/patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study of 345 patients with HNSCC treated with chemo\/bio-radiotherapy, for whom a pretreatment lab test was available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the parameters and indices analyzed, the one with the best prognostic capacity was the Host-index (H-index), which combines the prognostic capacity of hemoglobin and albumin levels, along with the absolute counts of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. This index was available for 309 patients. Based on a recursive partitioning analysis, three groups of patients were defined according to the H-index. Considering as reference the patients with an H-index lower than 1.88 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200980, 25.9%), patients with an H-index value between 1.88 and 3.62 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009115, 37.2%) had a 2.74 times higher risk of dying due to the tumor (95% CI 1.41\u20135.30,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), and patients with an H-index value greater than 3.62 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009114, 36.9%) had a 5.62 times higher risk (95% CI 2.95\u201310.81,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The index derived from peripheral blood parameters that showed the best prognostic capacity in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemo\/bio-radiotherapy was the H-index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-025-03897-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T03:57:26Z","timestamp":1746417446000},"page":"4242-4250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic value of pretreatment peripheral blood biomarkers in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemo\/bioradiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4731-1722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aina","family":"Sansa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2483-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosselin","family":"V\u00e1squez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3397-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Valero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7231-0038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7478-8561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Holgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Gay\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6286-630X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"3897_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.104561","volume":"102","author":"S Stordeur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stordeur S, Schillemans V, Savoye I, Vanschoenbeek K, Leroy R, Macq G, et al. Comorbidity in head and neck cancer: is it associated with therapeutic delay, post-treatment mortality and survival in a population-based study? Oral Oncol. 2020;102:104561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2019.104561.","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"3897_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25895","volume":"121","author":"J Lop","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lop J, Valero C, Garc\u00eda J, Quer M, Ganly I, Shah JP, et al. Does age influence disease-specific survival in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck? J Surg Oncol. 2020;121:1058\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.25895.","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"3897_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000954","volume":"32","author":"C Valero","year":"2024","unstructured":"Valero C, Le\u00f3n X, Quer M. Host-related indexes in head and neck cancer. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2024;32:113\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000954.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"3897_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-020-02533-1","volume":"23","author":"R Mesia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mesia R, Iglesias L, Lambea J, Mart\u00ednez-Trufero J, Soria A, Taberna M, et al. SEOM clinical guidelines for the treatment of head and neck cancer (2020). Clin Transl Oncol. 2021;23:913\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12094-020-02533-1.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Oncol"},{"key":"3897_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2022.106054","volume":"133","author":"SJ Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma SJ, Yu H, Khan M, Yu B, Santhosh S, Chatterjee U, et al. Defining the optimal threshold and prognostic utility of pre-treatment hemoglobin level as a biomarker for survival outcomes in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemoradiation. Oral Oncol. 2022;133:106054. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2022.106054.","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"3897_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pvr.2017.12.002","volume":"5","author":"P Gorphe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gorphe P, Chekkoury Idrissi Y, Tao Y, Schernberg A, Ou D, Temam S, et al. Anemia and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are prognostic in p16-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiation. Papillomavirus Res. 2018;5:32\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pvr.2017.12.002.","journal-title":"Papillomavirus Res"},{"key":"3897_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.5603\/RPOR.a2023.0042","volume":"28","author":"J Ka\u017amierska","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ka\u017amierska J, Bajon T, Winiecki T, Borowczak D, Bandurska-Luque A, Jankowska M, et al. Significance of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of outcome in head and neck cancer treated with definitive chemoradiation. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2023;28:389\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5603\/RPOR.a2023.0042.","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother"},{"key":"3897_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-018-1159-y","volume":"13","author":"B Bojaxhiu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bojaxhiu B, Templeton AJ, Elicin O, Shelan M, Zaugg K, Walser M, et al. Relation of baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to survival and toxicity in head and neck cancer patients treated with (chemo-) radiation. Radiat Oncol. 2018;13:216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13014-018-1159-y.","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"3897_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11062-3","volume":"23","author":"B Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu B, Ma SJ, Khan M, Gill J, Iovoli A, Fekrmandi F, et al. Association of pre-treatment lymphocyte-monocyte ratio with survival outcome in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiation. BMC Cancer. 2023;23:572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-023-11062-3.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"3897_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.1019","volume":"146","author":"C Valero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Valero C, Zanoni DK, Pillai A, Ganly I, Morris LGT, Shah JP, et al. Host dactors independently associated with prognosis in patients with oral cavity cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020;146:699\u2013707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.1019.","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"3897_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2004.11.005","volume":"12","author":"P Vaupel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vaupel P, Mayer A. Hypoxia and anemia: effects on tumor biology and treatment resistance. Transfus Clin Biol. 2005;12:5\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tracli.2004.11.005.","journal-title":"Transfus Clin Biol"},{"key":"3897_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27224","volume":"45","author":"A Sansa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sansa A, Valero C, Holgado A, V\u00e1squez R, Quer M, Patel SG, et al. External validation of the H-index (host index) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Head Neck. 2023;45:178\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.27224.","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"3897_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.603","volume":"6","author":"P Boscolo-Rizzo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boscolo-Rizzo P, Zanelli E, Giudici F, Boscolo-Nata F, Cristalli G, Deganello A, et al. Prognostic value of H-index in patients surgically treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2021;6:729\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lio2.603.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol"},{"key":"3897_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11155-z","volume":"23","author":"E Topkan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Topkan E, Somay E, Yilmaz B, Pehlivan B, Selek U. Valero\u2019s host index is useful in predicting radiation-induced trismus and osteoradionecrosis of the jaw risks in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. BMC Cancer. 2023;23:651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-023-11155-z.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"3897_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpor.2020.07.002","volume":"25","author":"C Melo-Alvim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Melo-Alvim C, Miguel-Semedo P, Paiva RS, Lobo-Martins S, Luna-Pais H, Costa AL, et al. Pretreatment hemoglobin level as a prognostic factor in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2020;25:768\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rpor.2020.07.002.","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother"},{"key":"3897_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10465","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.10465","volume":"8","author":"MH Tsai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tsai MH, Huang TL, Chuang HC, Lin YT, Fang FM, Lu H, et al. Clinical significance of pretreatment prognostic nutritional index and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with advanced p16-negative oropharyngeal cancer-a retrospective study. PeerJ. 2020;8:e10465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.10465.","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"3897_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3821","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-07954-6","volume":"280","author":"E Atasever Akkas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Atasever Akkas E, Erdis E, Yucel B. Prognostic value of the systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, and prognostic nutritional index in head and neck cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023;280:3821\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-023-07954-6.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"3897_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-022-07804-x","volume":"280","author":"DC Guven","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guven DC, Erul E, Yilmaz F, Yasar S, Yildirim HC, Ercan F, et al. The association between pan-immune-inflammation value and survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023;280:2471\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-022-07804-x.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"3897_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25583","volume":"41","author":"L Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang L, Huang Y, Zhou L, Dai Y, Hu G. High pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of poor survival prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck. 2019;41:1525\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.25583.","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"3897_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13264","volume":"51","author":"P Mariani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mariani P, Russo D, Maisto M, Troiano G, Caponio VCA, Annunziata M, et al. Pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is an independent prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. J Oral Pathol Med. 2022;51:39\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jop.13264.","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"3897_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2016.05.013","volume":"44","author":"DY Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim DY, Kim IS, Park SG, Kim H, Choi YJ, Seol YM. Prognostic value of posttreatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by chemoradiotherapy. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2017;44:199\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anl.2016.05.013.","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"3897_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e442","DOI":"10.1111\/ajco.12846","volume":"14","author":"S Chandrasekara","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chandrasekara S, Davis S, Thomson P, Haydon A. High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts poor prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2018;14:e442\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajco.12846.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Translational Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12094-025-03897-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12094-025-03897-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12094-025-03897-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:02:15Z","timestamp":1761627735000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12094-025-03897-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["3897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12094-025-03897-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1699-3055"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1699-3055"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest pertinent to this study. CV is listed as an inventor on IP owned by MSK on predictive models for immunotherapy response, unrelated to this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study has been performed in accordance with the ethical standards as stated in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The study was approved by the Hospital de Sant Pau Institutional Review Board of the center (IIBSP-CCC-2023-88).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}