{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T10:56:46Z","timestamp":1776769006956,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Transl Oncol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-025-04147-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T08:10:39Z","timestamp":1764231039000},"page":"1691-1707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the prognostic value of the magnesium\u2013immune prognostic score (MIPS) in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer receiving Nivolumab"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Sait","family":"Kitapli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melih","family":"Akpunar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Alkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0598-7284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozgur","family":"Tanriverdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"4147_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26052049","volume":"26","author":"B Smolarz","year":"2025","unstructured":"Smolarz B, \u0141ukasiewicz H, Samulak D, Piekarska E, Ko\u0142aci\u0144ski R, Romanowicz H. Lung cancer-epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and molecular aspect (review of literature). Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26:2049.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"4147_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.4932","volume":"7","author":"AK Ganti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ganti AK, Klein AB, Cotarla I, Seal B, Chou E. Update of incidence, prevalence, survival, and initial treatment in patients with non\u2013small cell lung cancer in the US. JAMA Oncol. 2021;7(12):1824\u201332.","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-023-02990-y","volume":"23","author":"M Araghi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Araghi M, Mannani R, Heidarnejad Maleki A, Hamidi A, Rostami S, et al. Recent advances in non-small cell lung cancer targeted therapy; an update review. Cancer Cell Int. 2023;23(1):162.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-023-01725-x","volume":"22","author":"H Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang H, Liu L, Liu J, Dang P, Hu S, et al. Roles of tumor-associated macrophages in anti-PD-1\/PD-L1 immunotherapy for solid cancers. Mol Cancer. 2023;22(1):58.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"4147_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32740","volume":"77","author":"R Donne","year":"2023","unstructured":"Donne R, Lujambio A. The liver cancer immune microenvironment: therapeutic implications for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2023;77(5):1773\u201396.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"4147_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-20-1994","volume":"81","author":"C-H Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu C-H, Chen Z, Chen K, Liao F-T, Chung CE, Liu X, et al. Lipopolysaccharide-mediated chronic inflammation promotes tobacco carcinogen-induced lung cancer and determines the efficacy of immunotherapy. Cancer Res. 2021;81:144\u201357.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"4147_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.823618","volume":"13","author":"H Mamdani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mamdani H, Matosevic S, Khalid AB, Durm G, Jalal SI. Immunotherapy in lung cancer: current landscape and future directions. Front Immunol. 2022;13:823618.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4147_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2021.03.011","volume":"151","author":"L Mezquita","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mezquita L, Preeshagul I, Auclin E, Ferrara R, Plodkowski AJ, Rizvi H, et al. Predicting immunotherapy outcomes under therapy in patients with advanced NSCLC using dNLR and its early dynamics. Eur J Cancer. 2021;151:211\u201320.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"4147_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16081508","volume":"16","author":"M Stares","year":"2024","unstructured":"Stares M, Brown LR, Abhi D, Phillips I. Prognostic biomarkers of systemic inflammation in non-small cell lung cancer: a narrative review of challenges and opportunities. Cancers. 2024;16(8):1508.","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"4147_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.1056795","author":"D He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He D, Yang Y, Yang Y, Tang X, Huang K. Prognostic significance of preoperative C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Front Surg. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.1056795.","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"4147_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2023.2236640","volume":"55","author":"KX Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun KX, Xu RQ, Rong H, Pang HY, Xiang TX. Prognostic significance of the Gustave Roussy immune (GRIm) score in cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Ann Med. 2023;55(2):2236640.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"4147_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032414-112212","volume":"33","author":"S Feske","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feske S, Wulff H, Skolnik EY. Ion channels in innate and adaptive immunity. Annu Rev Immunol. 2015;33:291\u2013353.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4147_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20181970","volume":"216","author":"C Kanellopoulou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kanellopoulou C, George AB, Masutani E, Cannons JL, Ravell JC, et al. Mg2+ regulation of kinase signaling and immune function. J Exp Med. 2019;216(8):1828\u201342.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01242-2","volume":"15","author":"M Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu M, Huang Q, Xie Y, Wu X, Ma H, et al. Improvement of the anticancer efficacy of PD-1\/PD-L1 blockade via combination therapy and PD-L1 regulation. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):24.","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4147_CR15","first-page":"507","volume":"130","author":"JC Ravell","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ravell JC, George AB, Kanellopoulou C, Cannons JL, Schwartzberg PL, et al. Defective glycosylation and multisystem abnormalities characterize the primary immunodeficiency XMEN disease. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(2):507\u201322.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.04.007","volume":"73","author":"S Van Laecke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Van Laecke S, Vermeiren P, Nagler EV, Caluwe R, De Wilde M, et al. Mg and infection risk after kidney transplantation: an observational cohort study. J Infect. 2016;73(1):8\u201317.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"4147_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f6tscher J, Mart\u00ed I L\u00edndez AA, Kirchhammer N, Cribioli E, Giordano Attianese GMP, et al. Mg sensing via LFA-1 regulates CD8+ T cell effector function. Cell. 2022 Feb 17;185(4):585\u2013602.e29.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.12.039"},{"key":"4147_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2024.115069","volume":"213","author":"Y Feng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feng Y, Gao M, Xu X, Liu H, Lu K, et al. Elevated serum Mg levels prompt favourable outcomes in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint blockers. Eur J Cancer. 2024;213:115069.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"9255","key":"4147_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0","volume":"357","author":"F Balkwill","year":"2001","unstructured":"Balkwill F, Mantovani A. Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? Lancet. 2001;357(9255):539\u201345.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4147_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Coussens LM, Werb Z. Inflammation and cancer. Nature. 2002 Dec 19\u201326;420(6917):860\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature01322. PMID: 12490959; PMCID: PMC2803035.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01322"},{"key":"4147_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep12493","volume":"5","author":"XB Gu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gu XB, Tian T, Tian XJ, Ma XX. Prognostic significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2015;5:12493.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4147_CR22","first-page":"8823","volume":"11","author":"L Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang L, Zhang L, Chen Q, Li X, Wu Y, et al. Prognostic significance of serum uric acid in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study. Cancer Manag Res. 2019;11:8823\u201330.","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"4147_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-014-0217-z","volume":"31","author":"O Tanriverdi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tanriverdi O, Cokmert S, Oktay E, Pilanci KN, Menekse S, et al. Prognostic significance of the baseline serum uric acid level in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with first-line chemotherapy: a study of the Turkish Descriptive Oncological Researches Group. Med Oncol. 2014;31(10):217.","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-06773-z","volume":"23","author":"M Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang M, Zhou Q, Cao T, Li F, Li X, et al. Lactate dehydrogenase A: a potential new target for tumor drug resistance intervention. J Transl Med. 2025;23(1):713.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46193-z","volume":"15","author":"F Khan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khan F, Lin Y, Ali H, Pang L, Dunterman M, et al. Lactate dehydrogenase A regulates tumor-macrophage symbiosis to promote glioblastoma progression. Nat Commun. 2024;15(1):1987.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01916-y","volume":"9","author":"L Du","year":"2024","unstructured":"Du L, Zong Y, Li H, Wang Q, Xie L, et al. Hyperuricemia and its related diseases: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024;9(1):212.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR27","first-page":"67","volume":"63","author":"C Subhas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Subhas C, Venugopal R, Henry A, James V. Extracellular calcium and calcium sensing receptor function in human colon carcinomas. Cancer Res. 2003;63(1):67.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-025-00647-2","volume":"14","author":"M Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang M, Zhang B. Extracellular matrix stiffness: mechanisms in tumor progression and therapeutic potential in cancer. Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025;14(1):54.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4147_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01225-x","volume":"21","author":"A Maharati","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maharati A, Moghbeli M. PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway as a critical regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal tumor cells. Cell Commun Signal. 2023;21(1):201.","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"issue":"2","key":"4147_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr-22-883","volume":"12","author":"T Miyawaki","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miyawaki T, Kuno H, Nakamura T, et al. The impact of systemic inflammation on outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer treated with ICIs. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2023;12(2):361\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/tlcr-22-883.","journal-title":"Transl Lung Cancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4147_CR31","first-page":"265","volume":"11","author":"T Ohba","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ohba T, Nomura S, Chonan M, et al. Prognostic impact of early CRP kinetics in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2022;11(2):265\u201377.","journal-title":"Transl Lung Cancer Res"},{"key":"4147_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01757","volume":"11","author":"Z Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Z, Wang X, Zou H, et al. The basic characteristics of the pentraxin family and their functions in tumor progression. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1757.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4147_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2017.03.001","volume":"23","author":"TR Flint","year":"2017","unstructured":"Flint TR, Fearon DT, Janowitz T. Connecting the metabolic and immune responses to cancer. Trends Mol Med. 2017;23(6):451\u201364.","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Translational Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04147-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04147-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04147-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T09:53:10Z","timestamp":1776765190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04147-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["4147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04147-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1699-3055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1699-3055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Medical Sciences Ethics Committee of Mugla Sitki Kocman University (Ethics Committee Approval Number: 70\/March 24, 2025). All procedures were conducted following the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. the ethics committee.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Given the retrospective nature of the study, informed consent was waived by Medical Sciences Ethics Committee of Mugla Sitki Kocman University.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}