{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:38:56Z","timestamp":1792028336145,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Transl Oncol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-025-04178-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T12:12:55Z","timestamp":1772280775000},"page":"3136-3146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Therapeutic strategies for elderly patients with unresectable limited-stage small cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-zhu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-cui","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-hui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-ting","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8986-0848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"4178_CR1","first-page":"209","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209\u201349.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"4","key":"4178_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq448","volume":"22","author":"MLG Janssen-Heijnen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Janssen-Heijnen MLG, Maas HAAM, van de Schans SAM, Coebergh JWW, Groen HJM. Chemotherapy in elderly small-cell lung cancer patients: yes we can, but should we do it? Ann Oncol. 2011;22(4):821\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4178_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)04576-5","volume":"55","author":"JJ Ludbrook","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ludbrook JJ, Truong PT, MacNeil MV, Lesperance M, Webber A, Joe H, et al. Do age and comorbidity impact treatment allocation and outcomes in limited stage small-cell lung cancer? A community-based population analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;55(5):1321\u201330.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"4178_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2023.112985","volume":"191","author":"DW Dumoulin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dumoulin DW, Aarts MJ, De Ruysscher D, Aerts JG, Dingemans AMC. Trends in the epidemiology of small-cell lung cancer: a Dutch nationwide population-based study over 1989\u20132020. Eur J Cancer. 2023;191:112985.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"14","key":"4178_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.35281","volume":"130","author":"GF Cittolin-Santos","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cittolin-Santos GF, Knapp B, Ganesh B, Gao F, Waqar S, Stinchcombe TE, et al. The changing landscape of small cell lung cancer. Cancer. 2024;130(14):2453\u201361.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"4178_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12632","volume":"12","author":"O Abdel-Rahman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abdel-Rahman O. Changing epidemiology of elderly small cell lung cancer patients over the last 40 years; a SEER database analysis. Clin Respir J. 2018;12(3):1093\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"issue":"35","key":"4178_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5570","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.12.5435","volume":"25","author":"TK Owonikoko","year":"2007","unstructured":"Owonikoko TK, Ragin CC, Belani CP, Oton AB, Gooding WE, Taioli E, et al. Lung cancer in elderly patients: an analysis of the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(35):5570\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"17","key":"4178_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.41.6727","volume":"30","author":"KS Scher","year":"2012","unstructured":"Scher KS, Hurria A. Under-representation of older adults in cancer registration trials: known problem, little progress. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(17):2036\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4178_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24833","volume":"116","author":"AG Pallis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pallis AG, Shepherd FA, Lacombe D, Gridelli C. Treatment of small-cell lung cancer in elderly patients. Cancer. 2010;116(5):1192\u2013200.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"4178_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.03364","volume":"39","author":"ME Daly","year":"2021","unstructured":"Daly ME, Ismaila N, Decker RH, Higgins K, Owen D, Saxena A, et al. Radiation therapy for small-cell lung cancer: ASCO guideline endorsement of an ASTRO guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39(8):931\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4178_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.03.207","volume":"32","author":"AC Dingemans","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dingemans AC, Fr\u00fch M, Ardizzoni A, Besse B, Faivre-Finn C, Hendriks LE, et al. ESMO Guidelines Committee. Electronic address: clinicalguidelines@esmo.org. Small-cell lung cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2021;32(7):839\u201353.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"4178_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01639","volume":"40","author":"JA Bogart","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bogart JA, Waqar SN, Mix MD. Radiation and systemic therapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(6):661\u201370.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4178_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2019.05.007","volume":"20","author":"SE Schild","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schild SE, Zhao L, Wampfler JA, Daniels TB, Sio T, Ross HJ, et al. Small-cell lung cancer in very elderly (\u2265 80 years) patients. Clin Lung Cancer. 2019;20(4):313\u201321.","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"4178_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31813","volume":"125","author":"TE Stinchcombe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stinchcombe TE, Fan W, Schild SE, Vokes EE, Bogart J, Le QT, et al. A pooled analysis of individual patient data from National Clinical Trials Network clinical trials of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for limited-stage small cell lung cancer in elderly patients versus younger patients. Cancer. 2019;125(3):382\u201390.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"4178_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2021.12.1433","volume":"31","author":"MM Atci","year":"2021","unstructured":"Atci MM, Sakin A, Uysal E, Aksaray F, Selvi O, Can O. Survival and prognostic factors in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2021;31(12):1433\u20137.","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"4178_CR16","unstructured":"Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Incidence\u2014SEER Research Data, 8 Registries, Nov 2023 Sub (1975-2021)\u2014Linked To County Attributes\u2014Time Dependent (1990\u20132022) Income\/Rurality, 1969\u20132022 Counties, National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, released April 2024, based on the November 2023 submission."},{"issue":"11","key":"4178_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4827","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204114","volume":"14","author":"H Rao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rao H, Zhou S, Mei A, Yao A, Xie S. Advanced age is not the decisive factor in chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer: a population-based study. Aging (Albany NY). 2022;14(11):4827\u201338.","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4178_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2017.10.008","volume":"30","author":"R Damhuis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Damhuis R, Widder J, Senan S. Population-based results of chemoradiotherapy for limited stage small cell lung cancer in The Netherlands. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2018;30(1):17\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)"},{"issue":"10","key":"4178_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-2958","volume":"21","author":"MC Pietanza","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pietanza MC, Byers LA, Minna JD, Rudin CM. Small cell lung cancer: will recent progress lead to improved outcomes? Clin Cancer Res. 2015;21(10):2244\u201355.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"4178_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2023.01.012","volume":"18","author":"KT Killingberg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Killingberg KT, Gr\u00f8nberg BH, Slaaen M, Kirkevold \u00d8, Halvorsen TO. Treatment outcomes of older participants in a randomized trial comparing two schedules of twice-daily thoracic radiotherapy in limited-stage SCLC. J Thorac Oncol. 2023;18(6):803\u201312.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4178_CR21","first-page":"2673","volume":"12","author":"WS Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee WS, Kim EH. Combination therapy of doxorubicin with TTFields and radiation: newer approaches to combat lung cancer. Am J Cancer Res. 2022;12(6):2673\u201385.","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"4178_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132482","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1132482","volume":"14","author":"H Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li H, Zhao Y, Ma T, Shao H, Wang T, Jin S, et al. Radiotherapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer in the immunotherapy era. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1132482.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"23","key":"4178_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4837","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.01.178","volume":"22","author":"DB Fried","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fried DB, Morris DE, Poole C, Rosenman JG, Halle JS, Detterbeck FC, et al. Systematic review evaluating the timing of thoracic radiation therapy in combined modality therapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(23):4837\u201345.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4178_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.02.9793","volume":"24","author":"D De Ruysscher","year":"2006","unstructured":"De Ruysscher D, Pijls-Johannesma M, Bentzen SM, Minken A, Wanders R, Lutgens L, et al. Time between the first day of chemotherapy and the last day of chest radiation is the most important predictor of survival in limited-disease small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(7):1057\u201363.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4178_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3540","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.11.3540","volume":"17","author":"H Okamoto","year":"1999","unstructured":"Okamoto H, Watanabe K, Nishiwaki Y, Mori K, Kurita Y, Hayashi I, et al. Phase II study of area under the plasma-concentration-versus-time curve-based carboplatin plus standard-dose intravenous etoposide in elderly patients with small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17(11):3540\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4178_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(94)00370-K","volume":"31A","author":"P Pfeiffer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pfeiffer P, S\u00f8rensen P, Rose C. Is carboplatin and oral etoposide an effective and feasible regimen in patients with small cell lung cancer? Eur J Cancer. 1995;31A(1):64\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"4178_CR27","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN guidelines: small cell lung cancer, version 1. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.nccn.org\/professionals\/physician_gls\/pdf\/small_cell.pdf. Accessed August 30, 2024 (2025)."},{"issue":"14","key":"4178_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3054","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.12.071","volume":"20","author":"M Takada","year":"2002","unstructured":"Takada M, Fukuoka M, Kawahara M, Sugiura T, Yokoyama A, Yokota S, et al. Phase III study of concurrent versus sequential thoracic radiotherapy in combination with cisplatin and etoposide for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: results of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study 9104. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20(14):3054\u201360.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4178_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2014-0007","volume":"19","author":"LL Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang LL, Zhang XC, Yang XN, Yang JJ, Wang Z, Chen HJ, et al. Lung cancer treatment disparities in China: a question in need of an answer. Oncologist. 2014;19(10):1084\u201390.","journal-title":"Oncologist"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Translational Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04178-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04178-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04178-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T10:29:05Z","timestamp":1784975345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04178-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12094-025-04178-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1699-3055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1699-3055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and publication of this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was waived due to use of de-identified SEER data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}