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While it shares some clinical features with other cocaine-induced midline disorders, CI-PCDM is increasingly recognized as a distinct inflammatory process characterized by specific histological patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective, multi-center case series identified six patients from two UK pathology archives. Data were retrieved from electronic records and medical photography, while histopathology and immunohistochemistry reports were reviewed to evaluate diagnostic features and exclude alternative pathologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cohort consisted of five males and one female (mean age 50.3 years). Patients typically presented with exophytic, ulcerated masses in the nasolabial area. Cocaine exposure was confirmed in all cases through clinical history or toxicology. Histology consistently revealed dense, polyclonal plasmacytic infiltrates in perivascular and periadnexal distributions. Serological and immunohistochemical variations were noted, including instances of antibody positivity and altered protein ratios. Management strategies, including medical and surgical interventions, generally resulted in partial clinical improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This first UK-based case series highlights CI-PCDM as an emerging diagnostic challenge. The prominent cellular infiltrate may reflect a chronic, antigen-driven immune response, potentially related to localized cytokine activity triggered by cocaine and\/or certain adulterants, such as benzocaine. The clinical presentation often mimics other common mucocutaneous lesions, necessitating thorough clinicopathological correlation. Increased clinical awareness is essential for accurate identification and for establishing optimal management protocols for affected patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-026-01934-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T03:46:59Z","timestamp":1781149619000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cocaine-Induced Plasma Cell Dermatomucositis (CI-PCDM): Clinical and Histopathological Features of a UK Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Grigorios","family":"Thermos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Cuddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waseem","family":"Ghumra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Paraschou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Brophy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Takhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theofano","family":"Tikka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paris","family":"Tamiolakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Khirwadkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1934_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14040278","volume":"14","author":"Roque","year":"2022","unstructured":"Roque, Bravo, On Behalf Of The Oemonom Researchers et al (2022) Cocaine: An Updated Overview on Chemistry, Detection, Biokinetics, and Pharmacotoxicological Aspects including Abuse Pattern. 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The other images only contain pathology slides, for which it is not necessary to obtain consent. To protect patient confidentiality, all other potentially identifiable data have been removed, and all remaining cases were fully anonymized in compliance with 1964 Declaration of Helsinki, GDPR and the UK Data Protection Act and NHS Research Ethics Committee (REC) guidelines.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Participation and Publication"}}],"article-number":"66"}}