{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T07:46:27Z","timestamp":1769067987453,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748822400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["23K07203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K07203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018502","name":"Kanazawa University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018502","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Nucl Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We aimed to develop <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I-<jats:italic>meta<\/jats:italic>-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) normal databases (NDBs) for D-SPECT that included Japanese and European populations and to validate the ability of combined NDBs to diagnose heart failure (HF).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study included 55 Japanese and 33 Italian patients without cardiac or neurological diseases associated with Lewy bodies. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images were acquired 20\u00a0min and 3\u20134\u00a0h after <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I-MIBG injection. We established NDBs for Japanese (Jp-NDB) and Italian (It-NDB) patients, and combined them (JpIt-NDB) using 17-segment polar maps. We also compared the Jp- with the Anger camera NDB established by the Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine and clinically validated our findings in a cohort of 31 patients with HF.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The average uptake in the anterior segments was lower in the It-NDB and differences were more pronounced in males. The JpIt-NDB closely aligned with both the Jp-NDB and It-NDB. Clinical validation indicated that HF was identified more accurately by automated defect scores derived from the JpIt-NDB than visual scores (area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC): 0.827 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0.683; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032). Combining JpIt-NDB-derived scores based on the heart-to-mediastinum ratio (HMR) significantly enhanced diagnostic accuracy (early and late AUCs: 0.960 and 0.952, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The combined JpIt-NDB accurately diagnosed HF in Japanese and European patients, while the defect scores correlated closely to Jp- and It-NDBs. Integrated HMR and NDB defect scores significantly enhanced cardiac assessment precision, which offers promise for future investigations into cardiac innervation imaging.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-025-02061-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T23:09:30Z","timestamp":1748819370000},"page":"952-965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Establishment of a 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine normal database for D-SPECT using Japanese and Italian data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7188-8746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenichi","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanda","family":"Acampa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Assante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"D\u2019Antonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Okuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunihiko","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seigo","family":"Kinuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2061_CR1","first-page":"349","volume":"21","author":"DM Wieland","year":"1980","unstructured":"Wieland DM, Wu J, Brown LE, Mangner TJ, Swanson DP, Beierwaltes WH. Radiolabeled adrenergi neuron-blocking agents: adrenomedullary imaging with [131I]iodobenzylguanidine. J Nucl Med. 1980;21(4):349\u201353.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2061_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn113","volume":"29","author":"HJ Verberne","year":"2008","unstructured":"Verberne HJ, Brewster LM, Somsen GA, van Eck-Smit BL. Prognostic value of myocardial 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) parameters in patients with heart failure: a systematic review. Eur Heart J. 2008;29(9):1147\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn113.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"9","key":"2061_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeu044","volume":"15","author":"DO Verschure","year":"2014","unstructured":"Verschure DO, Veltman CE, Manrique A, Somsen GA, Koutelou M, Katsikis A, et al. For what endpoint does myocardial 123I-MIBG scintigraphy have the greatest prognostic value in patients with chronic heart failure? Results of a pooled individual patient data meta-analysis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;15(9):996\u20131003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jeu044.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"7","key":"2061_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.156406","volume":"56","author":"J Narula","year":"2015","unstructured":"Narula J, Gerson M, Thomas GS, Cerqueira MD, Jacobson AF. 123I-MIBG imaging for prediction of mortality and potentially fatal events in heart failure: The ADMIRE-HFX study. J Nucl Med. 2015;56(7):1011\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.115.156406.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"2061_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.014","volume":"55","author":"AF Jacobson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jacobson AF, Senior R, Cerqueira MD, Wong ND, Thomas GS, Lopez VA, et al. Myocardial iodine-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine imaging and cardiac events in heart failure. Results of the prospective ADMIRE-HF (AdreView Myocardial Imaging for Risk Evaluation in Heart Failure) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(20):2212\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.014.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2061_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-005-1810-3","volume":"32","author":"HJ Verberne","year":"2005","unstructured":"Verberne HJ, Feenstra C, de Jong WM, Somsen GA, van Eck-Smit BL, Busemann SE. Influence of collimator choice and simulated clinical conditions on 123I-MIBG heart\/mediastinum ratios: a phantom study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2005;32(9):1100\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-005-1810-3.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"2061_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25s","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.157503","volume":"56","author":"AC Dimitriu-Leen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dimitriu-Leen AC, Scholte AJ, Jacobson AF. 123I-MIBG SPECT for evaluation of patients with heart failure. J Nucl Med. 2015;56(Suppl 4):25s\u201330s. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.115.157503.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2061_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-009-0337-2","volume":"24","author":"K Nakajima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nakajima K. Normal values for nuclear cardiology: Japanese databases for myocardial perfusion, fatty acid and sympathetic imaging and left ventricular function. Ann Nucl Med. 2010;24(3):125\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12149-009-0337-2.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2061_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(93)91056-k","volume":"126","author":"JS Gill","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gill JS, Hunter GJ, Gane G, Camm AJ. Heterogeneity of the human myocardial sympathetic innervation: in vivo demonstration by iodine 123-labeled meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy. Am Heart J. 1993;126(2):390\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-8703(93)91056-k.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"9","key":"2061_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-010-1491-4","volume":"37","author":"A Flotats","year":"2010","unstructured":"Flotats A, Carri\u00f3 I, Agostini D, Le Guludec D, Marcassa C, Sch\u00e4fers M, et al. Proposal for standardization of 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac sympathetic imaging by the EANM Cardiovascular Committee and the European Council of Nuclear Cardiology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010;37(9):1802\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-010-1491-4.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"2061_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2292-8","volume":"40","author":"A Verger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Verger A, Djaballah W, Fourquet N, Rouzet F, Koehl G, Imbert L, et al. Comparison between stress myocardial perfusion SPECT recorded with cadmium-zinc-telluride and Anger cameras in various study protocols. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2013;40(3):331\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-012-2292-8.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2061_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-013-2549-x","volume":"41","author":"E Tinti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tinti E, Positano V, Giorgetti A, Marzullo P. Feasibility of [(123)I]-meta-iodobenzylguanidine dynamic 3-D kinetic analysis in vivo using a CZT ultrafast camera: preliminary results. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2014;41(1):167\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-013-2549-x.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"2061_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jet258","volume":"15","author":"A Gimelli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gimelli A, Liga R, Giorgetti A, Genovesi D, Marzullo P. Assessment of myocardial adrenergic innervation with a solid-state dedicated cardiac cadmium-zinc-telluride camera: first clinical experience. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;15(5):575\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jet258.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"2061_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-009-0269-x","volume":"23","author":"S Matsuo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Matsuo S, Nakajima K, Yamashina S, Sakata K, Momose M, Hashimoto J, et al. Characterization of Japanese standards for myocardial sympathetic and metabolic imaging in comparison with perfusion imaging. Ann Nucl Med. 2009;23(6):517\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12149-009-0269-x.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2061_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.17996\/anc.23-00003","volume":"9","author":"S Yamashita","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yamashita S, Nakajima K, Okuda K, Yamamoto H, Shibutani T, Yoneyama T, et al. Phantom-based standardization method for (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine heart-to-mediastinum ratio validated by D-SPECT versus anger camera. Ann Nucl Cardiol. 2023;9(1):85\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17996\/anc.23-00003.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2061_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-010-9313-4","volume":"18","author":"K Okuda","year":"2011","unstructured":"Okuda K, Nakajima K, Hosoya T, Ishikawa T, Konishi T, Matsubara K, et al. Semi-automated algorithm for calculating heart-to-mediastinum ratio in cardiac Iodine-123 MIBG imaging. J Nucl Cardiol. 2011;18(1):82\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-010-9313-4.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2061_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-017-1191-2","volume":"31","author":"K Nakajima","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nakajima K, Okuda K, Yokoyama K, Yoneyama T, Tsuji S, Oda H, et al. Cross calibration of (123)I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine heart-to-mediastinum ratio with D-SPECT planogram and Anger camera. Ann Nucl Med. 2017;31(8):605\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12149-017-1191-2.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2061_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-016-1065-z","volume":"30","author":"K Nakajima","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nakajima K, Matsumoto N, Kasai T, Matsuo S, Kiso K, Okuda K. Normal values and standardization of parameters in nuclear cardiology: Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine working group database. Ann Nucl Med. 2016;30(3):188\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12149-016-1065-z.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2061_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-016-0430-6","volume":"24","author":"B Gregoire","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gregoire B, Pina-Jomir G, Bontemps L, Janier M, Scheiber C. The value of local normal limits in quantitative Thallium-201 CZT MPI SPECT. J Nucl Cardiol. 2017;24(2):672\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-016-0430-6.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2061_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-017-1205-0","volume":"33","author":"M Ishihara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ishihara M, Onoguchi M, Taniguchi Y, Shibutani T. Comparison of conventional and cadmium-zinc-telluride single-photon emission computed tomography for analysis of thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging: an exploratory study in normal databases for different ethnicities. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;33(12):2057\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10554-017-1205-0.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2061_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.17996\/anc.22-00163","volume":"8","author":"N Matsumoto","year":"2022","unstructured":"Matsumoto N, Sugai S, Suzuki Y, Iguchi N, Nanasato M, Kiso K, et al. Clinical validation of Japanese normal myocardial perfusion imaging databases using semi-conductor gamma camera (D-SPECT): Japanese society of nuclear cardiology working group reports. Ann Nucl Cardiol. 2022;8(1):36\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17996\/anc.22-00163.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2061_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2013.02.007","volume":"6","author":"T Nakata","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nakata T, Nakajima K, Yamashina S, Yamada T, Momose M, Kasama S, et al. A pooled analysis of multicenter cohort studies of (123)I-mIBG imaging of sympathetic innervation for assessment of long-term prognosis in heart failure. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(7):772\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2013.02.007.","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"23","key":"2061_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.02.062","volume":"51","author":"T Sasano","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sasano T, Abraham MR, Chang KC, Ashikaga H, Mills KJ, Holt DP, et al. Abnormal sympathetic innervation of viable myocardium and the substrate of ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51(23):2266\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.02.062.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"18","key":"2061_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302321","volume":"98","author":"A Marshall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marshall A, Cheetham A, George RS, Mason M, Kelion AD. Cardiac iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging predicts ventricular arrhythmia in heart failure patients receiving an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for primary prevention. Heart. 2012;98(18):1359\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302321.","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"2","key":"2061_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.108.782433","volume":"1","author":"JJ Bax","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bax JJ, Kraft O, Buxton AE, Fjeld JG, Par\u00edzek P, Agostini D, et al. 123 I-mIBG scintigraphy to predict inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias on cardiac electrophysiology testing: a prospective multicenter pilot study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008;1(2):131\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circimaging.108.782433.","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"2061_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev295","volume":"17","author":"IP Clements","year":"2016","unstructured":"Clements IP, Kelkar AA, Garcia EV, Butler J, Chen J, Folks R, et al. Prognostic significance of (123)I-mIBG SPECT myocardial imaging in heart failure: differences between patients with ischaemic and non-ischaemic heart failure. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;17(4):384\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jev295.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"2061_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-016-0524-1","volume":"24","author":"E D\u2019Estanque","year":"2017","unstructured":"D\u2019Estanque E, Hedon C, Lattuca B, Bourdon A, Benkiran M, Verd A, et al. Optimization of a simultaneous dual-isotope (201)Tl\/(123)I-MIBG myocardial SPECT imaging protocol with a CZT camera for trigger zone assessment after myocardial infarction for routine clinical settings: Are delayed acquisition and scatter correction necessary? J Nucl Cardiol. 2017;24(4):1361\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-016-0524-1.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2061_CR28","first-page":"1017","volume":"42","author":"C Zhao","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zhao C, Shuke N, Yamamoto W, Okizaki A, Sato J, Ishikawa Y, et al. Comparison of cardiac sympathetic nervous function with left ventricular function and perfusion in cardiomyopathies by (123)I-MIBG SPECT and (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin electrocardiographically gated SPECT. J Nucl Med. 2001;42(7):1017\u201324.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2061_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-015-0952-z","volume":"29","author":"CJ Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu CJ, Cheng JS, Chen YC, Huang YH, Yen RF. A performance comparison of novel cadmium-zinc-telluride camera and conventional SPECT\/CT using anthropomorphic torso phantom and water bags to simulate soft tissue and breast attenuation. Ann Nucl Med. 2015;29(4):342\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12149-015-0952-z.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"2061_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.028","volume":"55","author":"T Sharir","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sharir T, Slomka PJ, Hayes SW, DiCarli MF, Ziffer JA, Martin WH, et al. Multicenter trial of high-speed versus conventional single-photon emission computed tomography imaging: quantitative results of myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55(18):1965\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.028.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2061_CR31","first-page":"969","volume":"36","author":"S Tsuchimochi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Tsuchimochi S, Tamaki N, Tadamura E, Kawamoto M, Fujita T, Yonekura Y, et al. Age and gender differences in normal myocardial adrenergic neuronal function evaluated by iodine-123-MIBG imaging. J Nucl Med. 1995;36(6):969\u201374.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2061_CR32","first-page":"1667","volume":"39","author":"K Sakata","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sakata K, Shirotani M, Yoshida H, Kurata C. Physiological fluctuation of the human left ventricle sympathetic nervous system assessed by iodine-123-MIBG. J Nucl Med. 1998;39(10):1667\u201371.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2061_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-009-9049-1","volume":"16","author":"K Nakajima","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nakajima K, Okuda K, Kawano M, Matsuo S, Slomka P, Germano G, et al. The importance of population-specific normal database for quantification of myocardial ischemia: comparison between Japanese 360 and 180-degree databases and a US database. J Nucl Cardiol. 2009;16(3):422\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-009-9049-1.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2061_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-013-9701-7","volume":"20","author":"AF Jacobson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jacobson AF, Chen J, Verdes L, Folks RD, Manatunga DN, Garcia EV. Impact of age on myocardial uptake of 123I-mIBG in older adult subjects without coronary heart disease. J Nucl Cardiol. 2013;20(3):406\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-013-9701-7.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2061_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-022-05941-3","volume":"50","author":"P Gargiulo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gargiulo P, Acampa W, Asile G, Abbate V, Nardi E, Marzano F, et al. (123)I-MIBG imaging in heart failure: impact of comorbidities on cardiac sympathetic innervation. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2023;50(3):813\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-022-05941-3.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"2061_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2008.08.019","volume":"83","author":"Y Yamaguchi-Kabata","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yamaguchi-Kabata Y, Nakazono K, Takahashi A, Saito S, Hosono N, Kubo M, et al. Japanese population structure, based on SNP genotypes from 7003 individuals compared to other ethnic groups: effects on population-based association studies. Am J Hum Genet. 2008;83(4):445\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2008.08.019.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2061_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-020-00778-4","volume":"18","author":"M Sazzini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sazzini M, Abondio P, Sarno S, Gnecchi-Ruscone GA, Ragno M, Giuliani C, et al. Genomic history of the Italian population recapitulates key evolutionary dynamics of both Continental and Southern Europeans. BMC Biol. 2020;18(1):51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12915-020-00778-4.","journal-title":"BMC Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2061_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-007-0059-2","volume":"21","author":"K Nakajima","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nakajima K, Kumita S, Ishida Y, Momose M, Hashimoto J, Morita K, et al. Creation and characterization of Japanese standards for myocardial perfusion SPECT: database from the Japanese society of nuclear medicine working group. Ann Nucl Med. 2007;21(9):505\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12149-007-0059-2.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2061_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3341","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-022-02951-4","volume":"29","author":"R Assante","year":"2022","unstructured":"Assante R, D\u2019Antonio A, Mannarino T, Nappi C, Gaudieri V, Zampella E, et al. Simultaneous assessment of myocardial perfusion and adrenergic innervation in patients with heart failure by low-dose dual-isotope CZT SPECT imaging. J Nucl Cardiol. 2022;29(6):3341\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-022-02951-4.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2061_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-018-1258-z","volume":"26","author":"G De Vincentis","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Vincentis G, Frantellizzi V, Fedele F, Farcomeni A, Scarparo P, Salvi N, et al. Role of cardiac 123I-mIBG imaging in predicting arrhythmic events in stable chronic heart failure patients with an ICD. J Nucl Cardiol. 2019;26(4):1188\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-018-1258-z.","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2061_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeab132","volume":"23","author":"DO Verschure","year":"2021","unstructured":"Verschure DO, Poel E, Travin MI, Henzlova MJ, Jain D, Jacobson AF, et al. A simplified wall-based model for regional innervation\/perfusion mismatch assessed by cardiac 123I-mIBG and rest 99mTc-tetrofosmin SPECT to predict arrhythmic events in ischaemic heart failure. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021;23(9):1201\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jeab132.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"2061_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s12410-021-09555-5","volume":"14","author":"DO Verschure","year":"2021","unstructured":"Verschure DO, Nakajima K, Jacobson AF, Verberne HJ. 40 Years Anniversary of Cardiac 123I-mIBG Imaging: State of the Heart. Curr Cardiovasc Imaging Rep. 2021;14(5):5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12410-021-09555-5.","journal-title":"Curr Cardiovasc Imaging Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"2061_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-004-1735-2","volume":"32","author":"C Marini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marini C, Giorgetti A, Gimelli A, Kusch A, Sereni N, L\u2019Abbate A, et al. Extension of myocardial necrosis differently affects MIBG retention in heart failure caused by ischaemic heart disease or by dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2005;32(6):682\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-004-1735-2.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"2061_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-007-0639-3","volume":"35","author":"D Agostini","year":"2008","unstructured":"Agostini D, Verberne HJ, Burchert W, Knuuti J, Povinec P, Sambuceti G, et al. I-123-mIBG myocardial imaging for assessment of risk for a major cardiac event in heart failure patients: insights from a retrospective European multicenter study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2008;35(3):535\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-007-0639-3.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"2061_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15060656","author":"DO Verschure","year":"2022","unstructured":"Verschure DO, Nakajima K, Verberne HJ. Cardiac (123)I-mIBG imaging in heart failure. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph15060656.","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"}],"container-title":["Annals of Nuclear Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12149-025-02061-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12149-025-02061-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12149-025-02061-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T03:54:01Z","timestamp":1756094041000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12149-025-02061-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["2061"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12149-025-02061-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0914-7187","1864-6433"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0914-7187","type":"print"},{"value":"1864-6433","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"K. Nakajima collaborates with Spectrum Dynamic Medical, Caesarea, Israel, and PDRadiopharma, Inc., Tokyo, Japan. K. Nakajima has a collaborative research agreement with PDRadiopharma (Tokyo, Japan), which markets 123I-MIBG in Japan. He belonged to a department endowed by PDRadiopharma, Nihon Medi-Physics (Tokyo, Japan), and Siemens Healthcare (Tokyo, Japan) by March, 2024.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All methods were applied according to the ethical standards enshrined in the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 amendment) or comparable ethical standards. The Ethics Committee at Kanazawa University approved this retrospective study (Approval number: 3266\/2019\u2013244) and waived the need for patient consent to participate.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}