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This study aimed to observe the whole-body biodistribution of [\u00b9\u2078F]SMBT-1 and evaluate peripheral MAO-B expression in healthy human volunteers using dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Six healthy subjects (four males, two females; age range: 21\u201363 years) underwent nine dynamic PET scans over 5.5\u00a0h after [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]SMBT-1 injection. The first five emission scans were acquired consecutively in a single session within 30\u00a0min (min) of post-injection (p.i.). The remaining four emission scans were performed at 70\u2013110, 150\u2013180, 220\u2013250, and 290\u2013330\u00a0min p.i. Regions of interest (ROIs) were manually drawn on the co-registered PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the selected organs to extract mean standardized uptake values (SUV\n                      <jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and generate time-activity curves (TACs).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A significantly high early uptake of [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]SMBT-1 was observed in the kidneys, liver, heart, and stomach between 5 and 30\u00a0min p.i. The kidneys showed the highest early peak at 5\u00a0min p.i. (SUV\n                      <jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 14.2\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5). The gallbladder and intestines exhibited a delayed uptake pattern, with the gallbladder SUV\n                      <jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>\n                      increasing substantially from 9.0\u2009\u00b1\u20094.2 at 30\u00a0min to 123.7\u2009\u00b1\u200953.4 at 330\u00a0min. No significant differences in tracer uptake patterns were observed across participants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>[\u00b9\u2078F]SMBT-1 exhibited favorable reversible kinetics in the whole-body biodistribution assessment, confirming its established utility for imaging reactive astrocytes and indicating its potential for future applications in systemic high MAO-B-related pathologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-025-02144-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T10:47:24Z","timestamp":1767782844000},"page":"405-415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Whole-body biodistribution of [18F]SMBT-1: a novel PET tracer for monoamine oxidase B imaging in healthy humans"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Berihu","family":"Mesfin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yui","family":"Ishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Ichinose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihito","family":"Inamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoichi","family":"Watanuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Hiraoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihito","family":"Funaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asuka","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuko","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayasu","family":"Miyake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shozo","family":"Furumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Okamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Yanai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Watabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8860-6917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manabu","family":"Tashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2144_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2016.02.005","volume":"69","author":"RR Ramsay","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ramsay RR. 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Nobuyuki Okamura owns stock in Clino Ltd. The authors declare no other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}