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We examined the coexpression of T- and natural killer (NK)-cell antigens in five patients with classic HV (cHV) and five with systemic HV (sHV). T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis was performed with high\u2011throughput sequencing. All five cHV patients had increased \u03b3\u03b4T cells (&gt;\u20095%), whereas five sHV patients showed \u03b3\u03b4T- and \u03b1\u03b2T-cell dominance in two patients each, and a mixture of abnormal \u03b3\u03b4T and \u03b1\u03b2T cells in one. Circulating CD3\u2009+\u2009T cells expressed CD16\/CD56 at 7.8\u201342.3% and 1.1\u20139.7% in sHV and cHV, respectively. The percentage of CD16\/CD56\u2009+\u2009T cells was higher in the large granular lymphocyte or atypical T-cell fractions in sHV, but no TCR V\u03b124 invariant chain characteristic of NKT cells was detected. Considerable numbers of CD3\u2009+\u2009cells expressing CD56 were observed in sHV skin infiltrates. Of the circulating \u03b3\u03b4T cells tested, TCR V\u03b41\u2009+\u2009cells characteristic of the epithelial type of \u03b3\u03b4T cells were dominant in two sHV cases. Thus, atypical \u03b1\u03b2T and \u03b3\u03b4T cells in HV-LPD can express NK-cell antigens, such as CD16 and CD56, and V\u03b41\u2009+\u2009epithelial-type \u03b3\u03b4T cells are a major cell type in some HV-LPD cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-023-03599-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T15:02:38Z","timestamp":1683126158000},"page":"54-64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Coexpression of natural killer cell antigens by T-cell large granular lymphocytes in hydroa vacciniforme lymphoproliferative disorder and the involvement of V\u03b41\u2009+\u2009epithelial-type \u03b3\u03b4T cells"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Yoji","family":"Hirai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keiji","family":"Iwatsuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahide","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Miyake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Tanimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Morizane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"3599_CR1","first-page":"355","volume-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","author":"L Quintanilla-Martinez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Quintanilla-Martinez L, Ko YH, Kimura H, Jaffe ES. EBV-positive T-cell and NK-cell lymphoproliferative diseases of childhood. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, Thiele J, Vardiman JW, editors. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Geneva: WHO Press; 2017. p. 355\u201363."},{"key":"3599_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2019.1699080","volume":"61","author":"JI Cohen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cohen JI, Iwatsuki K, Ko YH, Kimura H, Manoli I, Ohshima K, et al. Epstein-Barr virus NK and T cell lymphoproliferative disease: report of a 2018 international meeting. Leuk Lymphoma. 2020;61:808\u201319.","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"3599_CR3","unstructured":"Quintanilla-Martinez L, Koh YH, Iwatsuki K. 2018 Cutaneous manifestations of chronic active EBV infection. In: WHO classification skin tumours. 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