{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T01:59:20Z","timestamp":1793411960808,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"PharmaEssentia Corporation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ropeginterferon alfa-2b (ropegIFN), a new-generation interferon-based agent, has been approved in Japan for patients with polycythemia vera (PV) who are ineligible for or respond inadequately to conventional treatment. However, long-term outcomes with ropegIFN in Japanese patients have not been reported. This extension of a phase\u00a02 study of ropegIFN in Japanese patients with PV aimed to determine its long-term safety\/efficacy, and changes over time in\n                    <jats:italic>JAK2<\/jats:italic>\n                    V617F allele burden. Here, we report data from the phase\u00a02 study and subsequent extension over a period of 36\u00a0months. The primary endpoint was the complete hematologic response (CHR) maintenance rate without phlebotomy (hematocrit value\u2009&lt;\u200945% without phlebotomy during the previous 12\u00a0weeks, platelet count\u2009\u2264\u2009400\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/L, and white blood cell count\u2009\u2264\u200910\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/L). The CHR maintenance rates were 8\/27 (29.6%), 18\/27 (66.7%), and 22\/27 (81.5%) at 12, 24, and 36\u00a0months, respectively. No thrombotic or hemorrhagic events occurred. The median allele burden change from baseline was\u2009\u2212\u200974.8% at 36\u00a0months. All patients experienced adverse events; 25\/27 (92.6%) experienced adverse drug reactions (ADRs), but no serious ADRs or deaths occurred. This interim analysis demonstrated the safety and efficacy of ropegIFN over 36\u00a0months in Japanese patients with PV.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-024-03846-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T06:02:07Z","timestamp":1727935327000},"page":"675-683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Long-term safety and efficacy of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in Japanese patients with polycythemia vera"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5682-2132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keita","family":"Kirito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Gotoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuto","family":"Takenaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiko","family":"Ichii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadaaki","family":"Inano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuichi","family":"Shirane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masafumi","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleh","family":"Zagrijtschuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kawase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Komatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Shimoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"3846_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13040637","volume":"13","author":"M Regimbeau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Regimbeau M, Mary R, Hermetet F, Girodon F. Genetic background of polycythemia vera. Genes (Basel). 2022;13:637.","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"3846_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27002","volume":"98","author":"A Tefferi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tefferi A, Barbui T. Polycythemia vera: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2023;98:1465\u201387.","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"3846_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-018-2428-0","volume":"107","author":"A Kamiunten","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kamiunten A, Shide K, Kameda T, Sekine M, Kubuki Y, Ito M, et al. Thrombohemorrhagic events, disease progression, and survival in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: a retrospective survey in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan. Int J Hematol. 2018;107:681\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"3846_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.163","volume":"27","author":"A Tefferi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tefferi A, Rumi E, Finazzi G, Gisslinger H, Vannucchi AM, Rodeghiero F, et al. Survival and prognosis among 1545 patients with contemporary polycythemia vera: an international study. Leukemia. 2013;27:1874\u201381.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"12","key":"3846_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-021-00581-6","volume":"11","author":"P Guglielmelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guglielmelli P, Loscocco GG, Mannarelli C, Rossi E, Mannelli F, Ramundo F, et al. JAK2V617F variant allele frequency >50% identifies patients with polycythemia vera at high risk for venous thrombosis. Blood Cancer J. 2021;11(12):199.","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"3846_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-022-03412-x","volume":"116","author":"Y Edahiro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Edahiro Y, Ito T, Gotoh A, Nakamae M, Kimura F, Koike M, et al. Clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with polycythemia vera: results of the JSH-MPN-R18 study. Int J Hematol. 2022;116:696\u2013711.","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"3846_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)92881-4","volume":"2","author":"RT Silver","year":"1988","unstructured":"Silver RT. Recombinant interferon-alpha for treatment of polycythaemia vera. Lancet. 1988;2:403.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3846_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e301","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(22)00046-1","volume":"9","author":"M Marchetti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marchetti M, Vannucchi AM, Griesshammer M, Harrison C, Koschmieder S, Gisslinger H, et al. Appropriate management of polycythaemia vera with cytoreductive drug therapy: European LeukemiaNet 2021 recommendations. Lancet Haematol. 2022;9:e301\u201311.","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"3846_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"v85","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv203","volume":"26","author":"AM Vannucchi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vannucchi AM, Barbui T, Cervantes F, Harrison C, Kiladjian JJ, Kr\u00f6ger N, ESMO Guidelines Committee, et al. Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2015;26(Suppl 5):v85\u201399.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol."},{"key":"3846_CR10","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: myeloproliferative neoplasms. Version 1. 2024. https:\/\/www.nccn.org\/professionals\/physician_gls\/pdf\/mpn.pdf. Accessed 11 Mar 2024."},{"key":"3846_CR11","unstructured":"Japanese Society of Hematology. Hematopoietic tumor treatment guidelines 2023 edition. Chronic myeloid leukemia\/myeloproliferative tumor overview. [In Japanese.]"},{"key":"3846_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-04-637280","volume":"126","author":"H Gisslinger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gisslinger H, Zagrijtschuk O, Buxhofer-Ausch V, Thaler J, Schloegl E, Gastl GA, et al. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b, a novel IFN\u03b1-2b, induces high response rates with low toxicity in patients with polycythemia vera. Blood. 2015;126:1762\u20139.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"3846_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e196","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(19)30236-4","volume":"7","author":"H Gisslinger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gisslinger H, Klade C, Georgiev P, Krochmalczyk D, Gercheva-Kyuchukova L, Egyed M, PROUD-PV Study Group, et al. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b versus standard therapy for polycythaemia vera (PROUD-PV and CONTINUATION-PV): a randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial and its extension study. Lancet Haematol. 2020;7:e196\u2013208.","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"3846_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-023-02008-6","volume":"37","author":"H Gisslinger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gisslinger H, Klade C, Georgiev P, Krochmalczyk D, Gercheva-Kyuchukova L, Egyed M, PROUD-PV Study Group, et al. Event-free survival in patients with polycythemia vera treated with ropeginterferon alfa-2b versus best available treatment. Leukemia. 2023;37:2129\u201332.","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"key":"3846_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-022-03341-9","volume":"116","author":"Y Edahiro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Edahiro Y, Ohishi K, Gotoh A, Takenaka K, Shibayama H, Shimizu T, et al. Efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in Japanese patients with polycythemia vera: an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study. Int J Hematol. 2022;116:215\u201327.","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"3846_CR16","unstructured":"Besremi (ropeginterferon alfa-2b) subcutaneous injection 250 \u00b5g and 500 \u00b5g syringes [package insert]. Pharma Essentia Japan Co., Ltd.; March 2023. https:\/\/www.info.pmda.go.jp\/go\/pack\/4291467G1021_1_02. [In Japanese.] Accessed 11 Mar 2024."},{"issue":"16","key":"3846_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023020232","volume":"143","author":"AT Gerds","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gerds AT, Mesa RA, Burke JM, Grunwald MR, Stein BL, Squier P, et al. Association between elevated white blood cell counts and thrombotic events in polycythemia vera: analysis from REVEAL. Blood. 2023;143(16):1646\u201355.","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"3846_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-142504","volume":"136","author":"K Kirito","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kirito K, Shimoda K, Takenaka K, Qin A, Zagrijtschuk O, Sato T, et al. The rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of a phase 2 study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ropeginterferon alfa-2b (P1101) in Japanese patients with polycythemia vera for whom the current standard of care is difficult to apply. Blood. 2020;136(Suppl 1):24\u20135.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"3846_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.219","volume":"27","author":"JV Jovanovic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jovanovic JV, Ivey A, Vannucchi AM, Lippert E, Oppliger Leibundgut E, Cassinat B, et al. Establishing optimal quantitative-polymerase chain reaction assays for routine diagnosis and tracking of minimal residual disease in JAK2-V617F-associated myeloproliferative neoplasms: a joint European LeukemiaNet\/MPN&MPNr-EuroNet (COST action BM0902) study. Leukemia. 2013;27:2032\u20139.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"3846_CR20","first-page":"669","volume":"59","author":"K Kirito","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kirito K, Koike M, Noguchi M, Kizaki M, Katayama N, Sugimoto Y, et al. A novel quantitative JAK2V617F detection kit: prospective clinical performance study comparing MPN patients and healthy subjects. Rinsho Ketsueki. 2018;59:669\u201374 [In Japanese.].","journal-title":"Rinsho Ketsueki"},{"key":"3846_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022017697","volume":"141","author":"AR Moliterno","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moliterno AR, Kaizer H, Reeves BN. JAK2 V617F allele burden in polycythemia vera: burden of proof. Blood. 2023;141:1934\u201342.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"3846_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3534","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01935","volume":"41","author":"CN Harrison","year":"2023","unstructured":"Harrison CN, Nangalia J, Boucher R, Jackson A, Yap C, O\u2019Sullivan J, et al. Ruxolitinib versus best available therapy for polycythemia vera intolerant or resistant to hydroxycarbamide in a randomized trial. J Clin Oncol. 2023;41:3534\u201344.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"3846_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01528-x","volume":"36","author":"JJ Kiladjian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kiladjian JJ, Klade C, Georgiev P, Krochmalczyk D, Gercheva-Kyuchukova L, Egyed M, et al. Long-term outcomes of polycythemia vera patients treated with ropeginterferon Alfa-2b. Leukemia. 2022;36:1408\u201311.","journal-title":"Leukemia"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-025-04002-3","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000}}],"container-title":["International Journal of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12185-024-03846-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12185-024-03846-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12185-024-03846-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T08:51:38Z","timestamp":1747385498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12185-024-03846-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3846"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12185-024-03846-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0925-5710","1865-3774"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0925-5710","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-3774","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 September 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 October 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 May 2025","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12185-025-04002-3","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12185-025-04002-3","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"KK reports honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AbbVie G.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, Sanofi K.K., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. YS reports research funding from Astellas Pharma Inc., Incyte Biosciences Japan G.K., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd.; grants from Shojunkai Takeuchi Hospital; honoraria from Novartis Pharma K.K.; and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Novartis Pharma K.K. AG reports research funding from Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., MSD K.K., Nihon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; consulting fees from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and PharmaEssentia Japan KK; honoraria from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nihon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., Sanofi K.K., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and PharmaEssentia Japan KK. KT reports research funding and consulting fees from Astellas Pharma Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and honoraria from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., MSD K.K., and Novartis Pharma K.K. M Ichii reports payments for presentations from Novartis Pharmaceuticals and payments for speakers bureaus from Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. TI reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Asahi Kasei Pharma Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., and PharmaEssentia Japan KK. SS reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AbbVie G.K., Amgen K.K., Asahi Kasei Pharma Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., and Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. M Ito reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca K.K., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Incyte Biosciences Japan G.K., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. OZ is an employee of PharmaEssentia Corporation USA. AQ is an employee of PharmaEssentia Corporation Taiwan. HK is an employee of PharmaEssentia Japan KK. TS is a board member of PharmaEssentia Japan KK. NK reports grants from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Perseus Proteomics Inc., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, and\u00a0Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.; research funding from Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; consulting fees from Japan Tobacco Inc., PharmaEssentia Japan KK, and Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Novartis Pharma K.K. and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and is a board member of PharmaEssentia Japan KK. KS reports research funding from AbbVie G.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; honoraria from Novartis Pharma K.K. and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for AbbVie G.K.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}