{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:23:50Z","timestamp":1792783430819,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9-10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chung Shan Medical University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059ryjv25","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch. Pharm. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol extracted from turmeric (\n                    <jats:italic>Curcuma longa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and is known for its diverse biological functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-migratory, and anticancer activities. However, its use in clinical cancer treatment remains constrained due to challenges like limited absorption, rapid metabolic breakdown, a short half-life, and generally low bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, various curcumin analogs and formulation strategies have been developed to enhance its therapeutic efficacy. In oral cancer, a malignancy characterized by high recurrence rates, therapeutic resistance, and substantial treatment-related morbidity, novel multi-targeted and low-toxicity strategies remain urgently needed. Yet, the intersection between curcumin\u2019s pharmacological constraints and the specific therapeutic vulnerabilities of oral cancer has not been critically synthesized. This review addresses this gap by integrating pharmacokinetic limitations, molecular mechanisms of action, and disease-specific signaling dependencies in oral cancer. We systematically examine evidence demonstrating that curcumin and its derivatives suppress proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and inflammatory signaling through modulation of pathways such as nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)\/Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and apoptosis-related cascades. Importantly, we critically evaluate next-generation curcumin analogs and advanced delivery systems that are designed to overcome bioavailability barriers and enhance tumor-specific efficacy. Collectively, the available evidence positions curcumin as an investigational multi-target scaffold, with its clinical translation in oral cancer dependent on rational formulation strategies and rigorous validation. Bridging mechanistic insights with pharmacokinetic optimization and well-designed clinical trials will be essential to define the therapeutic value of optimized curcumin-based adjunctive approaches.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-026-01635-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:24:15Z","timestamp":1791260655000},"page":"1152-1174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Targeting oral cancer with curcumin and its structural analogs: molecular mechanisms, pharmacokinetic optimization, and clinical translation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Shih-Chi","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Wen","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Yi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiao-Wen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0365-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shun-Fa","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1635_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1002\/med.20188","volume":"30","author":"DK Agrawal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Agrawal DK, Mishra PK (2010) Curcumin and its analogues: potential anticancer agents. Med Res Rev 30:818\u2013860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/med.20188","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"1635_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1021\/mp700113r","volume":"4","author":"P Anand","year":"2007","unstructured":"Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Newman RA, Aggarwal BB (2007) Bioavailability of curcumin: problems and promises. Mol Pharm 4:807\u2013818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/mp700113r","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"1635_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215120000316","author":"P Arun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arun P, Sagayaraj A, Azeem Mohiyuddin SM, Santosh D (2020) Role of turmeric extract in minimising mucositis in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell cancer: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. J Laryngol Otol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0022215120000316","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"1635_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/2023\/1745877","author":"M Azizi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Azizi M, Ghalamfarsa G, Khosravani F, Bardania H, Azizi S (2023) Nanoliposomal coencapsulation of Dorema aucheri extract and curcumin; enhanced cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and inhibition of EGFR gene expression in oral cancer cells OCC-02. IET Nanobiotechnol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/2023\/1745877","journal-title":"IET Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"1635_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2019.125328","volume":"302","author":"C Ban","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ban C, Jo M, Park YH, Kim JH, Han JY, Lee KW, Kweon DH, Choi YJ (2020) Enhancing the oral bioavailability of curcumin using solid lipid nanoparticles. Food Chem 302:125328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodchem.2019.125328","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"1635_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32644","volume":"126","author":"SK Basak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Basak SK, Bera A, Yoon AJ, Morselli M, Jeong C, Tosevska A, Dong TS, Eklund M, Russ E, Nasser H, Lagishetty V, Guo R, Sajed D, Mudgal S, Mehta P, Avila L, Srivastava M, Faull K, Jacobs J, Pellegrini M, Shin DS, Srivatsan ES, Wang MB (2020) A randomized, phase 1, placebo-controlled trial of APG-157 in oral cancer demonstrates systemic absorption and an inhibitory effect on cytokines and tumor-associated microbes. Cancer 126:1668\u20131682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.32644","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1635_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acr.2021.05.002","volume":"152","author":"GR Bhat","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhat GR, Hyole RG, Li J (2021) Head and neck cancer: current challenges and future perspectives. Adv Cancer Res 152:67\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.acr.2021.05.002","journal-title":"Adv Cancer Res"},{"key":"1635_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119903","volume":"259","author":"H Bhatt","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bhatt H, Thomas S, Vishwakarma SR (2021) Unravelling the nature of intra-molecular hydrogen bonds in curcumin using in-situ low temperature spectroscopic studies. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 259:119903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119903","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"1635_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116432","volume":"233","author":"HS Budi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Budi HS, Farhood B (2023) Tumor microenvironment remodeling in oral cancer: application of plant derived-natural products and nanomaterials. Environ Res 233:116432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116432","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"1635_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32591-7","volume":"394","author":"B Burtness","year":"2019","unstructured":"Burtness B, Harrington KJ, Greil R, Soulieres D, Tahara M, de Castro G Jr, Psyrri A, Baste N, Neupane P, Bratland A, Fuereder T, Hughes BGM, Mesia R, Ngamphaiboon N, Rordorf T, Wan Ishak WZ, Hong RL, Gonzalez Mendoza R, Roy A, Zhang Y, Gumuscu B, Cheng JD, Jin F, Rischin D, K Investigators (2019) Pembrolizumab alone or with chemotherapy versus cetuximab with chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-048): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet 394:1915\u20131928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32591-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1635_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12025","volume":"19","author":"F Camacho-Alonso","year":"2013","unstructured":"Camacho-Alonso F, Lopez-Jornet P, Tudela-Mulero MR (2013) Synergic effect of curcumin or lycopene with irradiation upon oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oral Dis 19:465\u2013472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/odi.12025","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"1635_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2019.1614560","volume":"14","author":"E Chainoglou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chainoglou E, Hadjipavlou-Litina D (2019) Curcumin analogues and derivatives with anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activity: structural characteristics and molecular targets. Expert Opin Drug Discov 14:821\u2013842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17460441.2019.1614560","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Discov"},{"key":"1635_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25220","volume":"127","author":"KW Chang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chang KW, Hung PS, Lin IY, Hou CP, Chen LK, Tsai YM, Lin SC (2010) Curcumin upregulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) and C\/EBPalpha during oral cancer suppression. Int J Cancer 127:9\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.25220","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"1635_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-022-04269-7","volume":"148","author":"S Chatterjee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chatterjee S, Dhal AK, Paul S, Sinha S, Das B, Dash SR, Kundu CN (2022) Combination of talazoparib and olaparib enhanced the curcumin-mediated apoptosis in oral cancer cells by PARP-1 trapping. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 148:3521\u20133535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00432-022-04269-7","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1635_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2020.109902","volume":"80","author":"S Chatterjee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chatterjee S, Sinha S, Molla S, Hembram KC, Kundu CN (2021) PARP inhibitor Veliparib (ABT-888) enhances the anti-angiogenic potentiality of Curcumin through deregulation of NECTIN-4 in oral cancer: role of nitric oxide (NO). Cell Signal 80:109902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cellsig.2020.109902","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"1635_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2023.12213","volume":"26","author":"Y Che","year":"2023","unstructured":"Che Y, Zhang H, Li H, Wu X (2023) CIP2A interacts with AKT1 to promote the malignant biological behaviors of oral squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating the GSK-3beta\/beta-catenin pathway. Exp Ther Med 26:514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2023.12213","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"1635_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6323","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2018.9418","volume":"16","author":"CF Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen CF, Lu CC, Chiang JH, Chiu HY, Yang JS, Lee CY, Way TD, Huang HJ (2018) Synergistic inhibitory effects of cetuximab and curcumin on human cisplatin-resistant oral cancer CAR cells through intrinsic apoptotic process. Oncol Lett 16:6323\u20136330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2018.9418","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"1635_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17248","volume":"26","author":"CW Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen CW, Hsieh MJ, Ju PC, Hsieh YH, Su CW, Chen YL, Yang SF, Lin CW (2022) Curcumin analog HO-3867 triggers apoptotic pathways through activating JNK1\/2 signalling in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Cell Mol Med 26:2273\u20132284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.17248","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"1635_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2011.10.016","volume":"217","author":"J Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen J, Feng Y, Lu L, Wang H, Dai L, Li Y, Zhang P (2012) Interferon-gamma-induced PD-L1 surface expression on human oral squamous carcinoma via PKD2 signal pathway. Immunobiol 217:385\u2013393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imbio.2011.10.016","journal-title":"Immunobiol"},{"key":"1635_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.38212\/2224-6614.3387","volume":"29","author":"TC Cheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cheng TC, Sayseng JO, Tu SH, Juan TC, Fang CL, Liao YC, Chu CY, Chang HW, Yen Y, Chen LC, Ho YS (2021) Curcumin-induced antitumor effects on triple-negative breast cancer patient-derived xenograft tumor mice through inhibiting salt-induced kinase-3 protein. J Food Drug Anal 29:622\u2013637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.38212\/2224-6614.3387","journal-title":"J Food Drug Anal"},{"key":"1635_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2014.3009","volume":"31","author":"IT Chiang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chiang IT, Liu YC, Hsu FT, Chien YC, Kao CH, Lin WJ, Chung JG, Hwang JJ (2014) Curcumin synergistically enhances the radiosensitivity of human oral squamous cell carcinoma via suppression of radiation-induced NF-kappaB activity. Oncol Rep 31:1729\u20131737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/or.2014.3009","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"1635_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2022.2061349","volume":"26","author":"MH Chien","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chien MH, Shih PC, Ding YF, Chen LH, Hsieh FK, Tsai MY, Li PY, Lin CW, Yang SF (2022) Curcumin analog, GO-Y078, induces HO-1 transactivation-mediated apoptotic cell death of oral cancer cells by triggering MAPK pathways and AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Expert Opin Ther Targets 26:375\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14728222.2022.2061349","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"1635_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12030703","author":"MH Chien","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chien MH, Yang WE, Yang YC, Ku CC, Lee WJ, Tsai MY, Lin CW, Yang SF (2020) Dual Targeting of the p38 MAPK-HO-1 Axis and cIAP1\/XIAP by Demethoxycurcumin Triggers Caspase-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cancers (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers12030703","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"1635_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.08.007","volume":"47","author":"YA Cho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cho YA, Yoon HJ, Lee JI, Hong SP, Hong SD (2011) Relationship between the expressions of PD-L1 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 47:1148\u20131153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2011.08.007","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"1635_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.77899","volume":"17","author":"P Dash","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dash P, Nayak S, Parida PK (2025) The efficacy of curcumin in reducing immunosuppressive states of peripheral blood mononuclear cells extracted from oral squamous cell carcinoma patients: an in vitro study. Cureus 17:e77899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.77899","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1635_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11092147","author":"M Dei Cas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dei Cas M, Ghidoni R (2019) Dietary curcumin: correlation between bioavailability and health potential. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu11092147","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1635_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-021-01633-4","volume":"39","author":"S Dey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dey S, Singh AK, Singh AK, Rawat K, Banerjee J, Agnihotri V, Upadhaya D (2022) Critical pathways of oral squamous cell carcinoma: molecular biomarker and therapeutic intervention. Med Oncol 39:30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12032-021-01633-4","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"1635_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4491","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-0024","volume":"14","author":"N Dhillon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dhillon N, Aggarwal BB, Newman RA, Wolff RA, Kunnumakkara AB, Abbruzzese JL, Ng CS, Badmaev V, Kurzrock R (2008) Phase II trial of curcumin in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res 14:4491\u20134499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-0024","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"1635_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-10-0064","volume":"9","author":"VM Duarte","year":"2010","unstructured":"Duarte VM, Han E, Veena MS, Salvado A, Suh JD, Liang LJ, Faull KF, Srivatsan ES, Wang MB (2010) Curcumin enhances the effect of cisplatin in suppression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via inhibition of IKKbeta protein of the NFkappaB pathway. Mol Cancer Ther 9:2665\u20132675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-10-0064","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"1635_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2012.12.001","volume":"319","author":"J Dud\u00e1s","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dud\u00e1s J, Full\u00e1r A, Romani A, Pritz C, Kovalszky I, Hans Schartinger V, Mathias Sprinzl G, Riechelmann H (2013) Curcumin targets fibroblast-tumor cell interactions in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 319:800\u2013809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yexcr.2012.12.001","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"1635_CR31","first-page":"1733","volume":"20","author":"TM Elattar","year":"2000","unstructured":"Elattar TM, Virji AS (2000) The inhibitory effect of curcumin, genistein, quercetin and cisplatin on the growth of oral cancer cells in vitro. Anticancer Res 20:1733\u20131738","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"1635_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-022-03590-5","volume":"22","author":"B Fazli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fazli B, Irani S, Bardania H, Moosavi MS, Rohani B (2022) Prophylactic effect of topical (slow-release) and systemic curcumin nano-niosome antioxidant on oral cancer in rat. BMC Complement Med Ther 22:109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-022-03590-5","journal-title":"BMC Complement Med Ther"},{"key":"1635_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105372","volume":"151","author":"SBS Ferreira","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferreira SBS, Slowik KM, Castro Hoshino LV, Baesso ML, Murdoch C, Colley HE, Bruschi ML (2020) Mucoadhesive emulgel systems containing curcumin for oral squamous cell carcinoma treatment: from pre-formulation to cytotoxicity in tissue-engineering oral mucosa. Eur J Pharm Sci 151:105372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105372","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"1635_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1602252","volume":"375","author":"RL Ferris","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferris RL, Blumenschein G Jr., Fayette J, Guigay J, Colevas AD, Licitra L, Harrington K, Kasper S, Vokes EE, Even C, Worden F, Saba NF, Iglesias Docampo LC, Haddad R, Rordorf T, Kiyota N, Tahara M, Monga M, Lynch M, Geese WJ, Kopit J, Shaw JW, Gillison ML (2016) Nivolumab for recurrent squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med 375:1856\u20131867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1602252","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1635_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-112","volume":"11","author":"SL Fossey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fossey SL, Bear MD, Lin J, Li C, Schwartz EB, Li PK, Fuchs JR, Fenger J, Kisseberth WC, London CA (2011) The novel curcumin analog FLLL32 decreases STAT3 DNA binding activity and expression, and induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma cell lines. BMC Cancer 11:112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2407-11-112","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"1635_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01203.x","volume":"42","author":"ML Gainza-Cirauqui","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gainza-Cirauqui ML, Nieminen MT, Novak Frazer L, Aguirre-Urizar JM, Moragues MD, Rautemaa R (2013) Production of carcinogenic acetaldehyde by Candida albicans from patients with potentially malignant oral mucosal disorders. J Oral Pathol Med 42:243\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01203.x","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"1635_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601623","volume":"90","author":"G Garcea","year":"2004","unstructured":"Garcea G, Jones DJ, Singh R, Dennison AR, Farmer PB, Sharma RA, Steward WP, Gescher AJ, Berry DP (2004) Detection of curcumin and its metabolites in hepatic tissue and portal blood of patients following oral administration. Br J Cancer 90:1011\u20131015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601623","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"1635_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.04.004","volume":"132","author":"M Georgaki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Georgaki M, Theofilou VI, Pettas E, Stoufi E, Younis RH, Kolokotronis A, Sauk JJ, Nikitakis NG (2021) Understanding the complex pathogenesis of oral cancer: a comprehensive review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 132:566\u2013579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.04.004","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"1635_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2014.3440","volume":"32","author":"I Gkouveris","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gkouveris I, Nikitakis N, Karanikou M, Rassidakis G, Sklavounou A (2014) Erk1\/2 activation and modulation of STAT3 signaling in oral cancer. Oncol Rep 32:2175\u20132182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/or.2014.3440","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"1635_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2010.509835","volume":"62","author":"A Goel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goel A, Aggarwal BB (2010) Curcumin, the golden spice from Indian saffron, is a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer for tumors and chemoprotector and radioprotector for normal organs. Nutr Cancer 62:919\u2013930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01635581.2010.509835","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"1635_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.25035","volume":"116","author":"P Goncalves Vde","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goncalves Vde P, Ortega AA, Guimaraes MR, Curylofo FA, Rossa Junior C, Ribeiro DA, Spolidorio LC (2015) Chemopreventive activity of systemically administered curcumin on oral cancer in the 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide model. J Cell Biochem 116:787\u2013796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcb.25035","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"1635_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-018-3654-0","volume":"82","author":"R Greil","year":"2018","unstructured":"Greil R, Greil-Ressler S, Weiss L, Schonlieb C, Magnes T, Radl B, Bolger GT, Vcelar B, Sordillo PP (2018) A phase 1 dose-escalation study on the safety, tolerability and activity of liposomal curcumin (Lipocurc()) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 82:695\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00280-018-3654-0","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"1635_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119359","volume":"279","author":"L Guo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guo L, Li H, Fan T, Ma Y, Wang L (2021) Synergistic efficacy of curcumin and anti-programmed cell death-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 279:119359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119359","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"1635_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9247","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27029","volume":"233","author":"M Hatamipour","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hatamipour M, Ramezani M, Tabassi SAS, Johnston TP, Ramezani M, Sahebkar A (2018) Demethoxycurcumin: a naturally occurring curcumin analogue with antitumor properties. J Cell Physiol 233:9247\u20139260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.27029","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1635_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10713","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c07326","volume":"8","author":"M Hegde","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hegde M, Girisa S, BharathwajChetty B, Vishwa R, Kunnumakkara AB (2023) Curcumin formulations for better bioavailability: what we learned from clinical trials thus far? ACS Omega 8:10713\u201310746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.2c07326","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"1635_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.110.004044","volume":"66","author":"M Heger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heger M, van Golen RF, Broekgaarden M, Michel MC (2014) The molecular basis for the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of curcumin and its metabolites in relation to cancer. Pharmacol Rev 66:222\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/pr.110.004044","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"1635_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.150260","volume":"87","author":"S Izui","year":"2016","unstructured":"Izui S, Sekine S, Maeda K, Kuboniwa M, Takada A, Amano A, Nagata H (2016) Antibacterial activity of curcumin against periodontopathic bacteria. J Periodontol 87:83\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2015.150260","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"1635_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2021.105058","volume":"124","author":"S Izui","year":"2021","unstructured":"Izui S, Sekine S, Murai H, Takeuchi H, Amano A (2021) Inhibitory effects of curcumin against cytotoxicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles. Arch Oral Biol 124:105058. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2021.105058","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"1635_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2024.155489","volume":"261","author":"D Jagadeesan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jagadeesan D, Sathasivam KV, Fuloria NK, Balakrishnan V, Khor GH, Ravichandran M, Solyappan M, Fuloria S, Gupta G, Ahlawat A, Yadav G, Kaur P, Husseen B (2024) Comprehensive insights into oral squamous cell carcinoma: diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapeutic advances. Pathol Res Pract 261:155489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.prp.2024.155489","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"1635_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-022-00824-z","volume":"29","author":"TH Jang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jang TH, Huang WC, Tung SL, Lin SC, Chen PM, Cho CY, Yang YY, Yen TC, Lo GH, Chuang SE, Wang LH (2022) MicroRNA-485-5p targets keratin 17 to regulate oral cancer stemness and chemoresistance via the integrin\/FAK\/Src\/ERK\/beta-catenin pathway. J Biomed Sci 29:42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12929-022-00824-z","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"1635_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.JOMFP_334_19","volume":"24","author":"P Jayanthi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jayanthi P, Varun BR, Selvaraj J (2020) Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral squamous cell carcinoma: an insight into molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 24:189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jomfp.JOMFP_334_19","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"1635_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11213473","author":"M Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang M, Qi Y, Huang W, Lin Y, Li B (2022) Curcumin Reprograms TAMs from a Protumor Phenotype towards an Antitumor Phenotype via Inhibiting MAO-A\/STAT6 Pathway. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells11213473","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1635_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00224-3","volume":"6","author":"DE Johnson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Johnson DE, Burtness B, Leemans CR, Lui VWY, Bauman JE, Grandis JR (2020) Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 6:92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-020-00224-3","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1635_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-013-2151-8","volume":"71","author":"M Kanai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kanai M, Otsuka Y, Otsuka K, Sato M, Nishimura T, Mori Y, Kawaguchi M, Hatano E, Kodama Y, Matsumoto S, Murakami Y, Imaizumi A, Chiba T, Nishihira J, Shibata H (2013) A phase I study investigating the safety and pharmacokinetics of highly bioavailable curcumin (Theracurmin) in cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 71:1521\u20131530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00280-013-2151-8","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"1635_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9135","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-020-05927-0","volume":"47","author":"K Karunakaran","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karunakaran K, Muniyan R (2020) Genetic alterations and clinical dimensions of oral cancer: a review. Mol Biol Rep 47:9135\u20139148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-020-05927-0","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"1635_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3477","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-023-02825-7","volume":"397","author":"MA Khosravi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khosravi MA, Seifert R (2024) Clinical trials on curcumin in relation to its bioavailability and effect on malignant diseases: critical analysis. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 397:3477\u20133491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00210-023-02825-7","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"1635_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2012.04.005","volume":"57","author":"JY Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim JY, Cho TJ, Woo BH, Choi KU, Lee CH, Ryu MH, Park HR (2012) Curcumin-induced autophagy contributes to the decreased survival of oral cancer cells. Arch Oral Biol 57:1018\u20131025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2012.04.005","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"1635_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24162930","author":"RR Kotha","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kotha RR, Luthria DL (2019) Curcumin: Biological, Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Analytical Aspects. Molecules. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules24162930","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"1635_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13061335","author":"C Kotting","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kotting C, Hofmann L, Lotfi R, Engelhardt D, Laban S, Schuler PJ, Hoffmann TK, Brunner C, Theodoraki MN (2021) Immune-stimulatory effects of curcumin on the tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancers (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers13061335","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"1635_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12488","volume":"46","author":"O Kujan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kujan O, Shearston K, Farah CS (2017) The role of hypoxia in oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders: a review. J Oral Pathol Med 46:246\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jop.12488","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"1635_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb13040158","author":"VM Kumbar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kumbar VM, Muddapur U, Bin Muhsinah A, Alshehri SA, Alshahrani MM, Almazni IA, Kugaji MS, Bhat K, Peram MR, Mahnashi MH, Nadaf SJ, Rooge SB, Khan AA, Shaikh IA (2022) Curcumin-encapsulated nanomicelles improve cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in cisplatin-resistant human oral cancer cells. J Funct Biomater. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jfb13040158","journal-title":"J Funct Biomater"},{"key":"1635_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13621","volume":"174","author":"AB Kunnumakkara","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kunnumakkara AB, Bordoloi D, Padmavathi G, Monisha J, Roy NK, Prasad S, Aggarwal BB (2017) Curcumin, the golden nutraceutical: multitargeting for multiple chronic diseases. Br J Pharmacol 174:1325\u20131348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.13621","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1635_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-15-0390","volume":"9","author":"MA Kuriakose","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kuriakose MA, Ramdas K, Dey B, Iyer S, Rajan G, Elango KK, Suresh A, Ravindran D, Kumar RR, R P, Ramachandran S, Kumar NA, Thomas G, Somanathan T, Ravindran HK, Ranganathan K, Katakam SB, Parashuram S, Jayaprakash V, Pillai MR (2016) A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase IIB trial of curcumin in oral leukoplakia. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 9:683\u2013691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-15-0390","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res (Phila)"},{"key":"1635_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29225321","author":"J Kuzminska","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kuzminska J, Szyk P, Mlynarczyk DT, Bakun P, Muszalska-Kolos I, Dettlaff K, Sobczak A, Goslinski T, Jelinska A (2024) Curcumin derivatives in medicinal chemistry: potential applications in cancer treatment. Molecules. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules29225321","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"1635_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2019.114734","volume":"382","author":"KC Lai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lai KC, Chueh FS, Hsiao YT, Cheng ZY, Lien JC, Liu KC, Peng SF, Chung JG (2019) Gefitinib and curcumin-loaded nanoparticles enhance cell apoptosis in human oral cancer SAS cells in vitro and inhibit SAS cell xenografted tumor in vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 382:114734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2019.114734","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"1635_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735415588930","volume":"14","author":"AY Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee AY, Fan CC, Chen YA, Cheng CW, Sung YJ, Hsu CP, Kao TY (2015) Curcumin inhibits invasiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral squamous cell carcinoma through reducing matrix metalloproteinase 2, 9 and modulating p53-E-cadherin pathway. Integr Cancer Ther 14:484\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1534735415588930","journal-title":"Integr Cancer Ther"},{"key":"1635_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2016.09.005","volume":"23","author":"HM Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee HM, Patel V, Shyur LF, Lee WL (2016) Copper supplementation amplifies the anti-tumor effect of curcumin in oral cancer cells. Phytomedicine 23:1535\u20131544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2016.09.005","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"1635_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1485174","volume":"15","author":"C Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li C, Dong X, Li B (2024a) Tumor microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 15:1485174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1485174","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1635_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12403","volume":"38","author":"R Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li R, Xiao L, Gong T, Liu J, Li Y, Zhou X, Li Y, Zheng X (2023) Role of oral microbiome in oral oncogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Mol Oral Microbiol 38:9\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/omi.12403","journal-title":"Mol Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"1635_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9416","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26815","volume":"233","author":"S Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li S, Wu Y, Ding Y, Yu M, Ai Z (2018) CerS6 regulates cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma by altering mitochondrial fission and autophagy. J Cell Physiol 233:9416\u20139425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.26815","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1635_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103335","volume":"76","author":"W Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li W, Zeng Q, Wang B, Lv C, He H, Yang X, Cheng B, Tao X (2024b) Oxidative stress promotes oral carcinogenesis via Thbs1-mediated M1-like tumor-associated macrophages polarization. Redox Biol 76:103335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103335","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"1635_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4927","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7189","volume":"16","author":"C Lin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lin C, Tu C, Ma Y, Ye P, Shao X, Yang Z, Fang Y (2017) Curcumin analog EF24 induces apoptosis and downregulates the mitogen activated protein kinase\/extracellular signal-regulated signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 16:4927\u20134933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2017.7189","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"1635_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S28510","volume":"7","author":"HY Lin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lin HY, Thomas JL, Chen HW, Shen CM, Yang WJ, Lee MH (2012) In vitro suppression of oral squamous cell carcinoma growth by ultrasound-mediated delivery of curcumin microemulsions. Int J Nanomedicine 7:941\u2013951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJN.S28510","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"1635_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2468","volume":"70","author":"L Lin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lin L, Hutzen B, Zuo M, Ball S, Deangelis S, Foust E, Pandit B, Ihnat MA, Shenoy SS, Kulp S, Li PK, Li C, Fuchs J, Lin J (2010) Novel STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitors exhibit potent growth-suppressive activity in pancreatic and breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 70:2445\u20132454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2468","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"1635_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.9635","volume":"21","author":"T Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu T, Long T, Li H (2021a) Curcumin suppresses the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma through a specificity protein 1\/nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent pathway. Exp Ther Med 21:202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2021.9635","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"1635_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.9635","volume":"21","author":"T Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu T, Long T, Li H (2021b) Curcumin suppresses the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma through a specificity protein 1\/nuclear factor-\u03baB-dependent pathway. Exp Ther Med 21:202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2021.9635","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"1635_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14271","volume":"29","author":"W Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu W, Wang J, Zhang C, Bao Z, Wu L (2023) Curcumin nanoemulsions inhibit oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation by PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR suppression and miR-199a upregulation: a preliminary study. Oral Dis 29:3183\u20133192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/odi.14271","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"1635_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3109\/00016357.2011.554864","volume":"69","author":"P Lopez-Jornet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lopez-Jornet P, Camacho-Alonso F, Gomez-Garcia F (2011) Effect of curcumin and irradiation in PE\/CA-PJ15 oral squamous cell carcinoma. Acta Odontol Scand 69:269\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00016357.2011.554864","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"1635_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmx011","volume":"9","author":"AL Lopresti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lopresti AL (2018) The problem of curcumin and its bioavailability: could its gastrointestinal influence contribute to its overall health-enhancing effects? Adv Nutr 9:41\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/advances\/nmx011","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"1635_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"o608","DOI":"10.1107\/S0108270104015434","volume":"60","author":"JT Mague","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mague JT, Alworth WL, Payton FL (2004) Curcumin and derivatives. Acta Crystallogr C 60:o608-610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1107\/S0108270104015434","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr C"},{"key":"1635_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-023-07971-5","volume":"31","author":"AFL Martins","year":"2023","unstructured":"Martins AFL, Pereira CH, Morais MO, de Sousa-Neto SS, Valadares MC, Freitas NMA, Leles CR, de Mendonca EF (2023) Effects of a mucoadhesive phytomedicine (Curcuma longa L. and Bidens pilosa L.) on radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis and quality of life of patients undergoing head and neck cancer treatment: randomized clinical trial. Support Care Cancer 31:517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-023-07971-5","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"1635_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2013.02.009","volume":"116","author":"E Marttila","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marttila E, Uittamo J, Rusanen P, Lindqvist C, Salaspuro M, Rautemaa R (2013) Acetaldehyde production and microbial colonization in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral lichenoid disease. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 116:61\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2013.02.009","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"1635_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205031211987598","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312119875982","volume":"7","author":"T Maulina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maulina T, Hadikrishna I, Hardianto A, Sjamsudin E, Pontjo B, Yusuf HY (2019) The therapeutic activity of curcumin through its anti-cancer potential on oral squamous cell carcinoma: A study on Sprague Dawley rat. SAGE Open Med 7:2050312119875982. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2050312119875982","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med"},{"key":"1635_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2015.9189","volume":"15","author":"L Mazzarino","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mazzarino L, Loch-Neckel G, Bubniak LS, Mazzucco S, Santos-Silva MC, Borsali R, Lemos-Senna E (2015) Curcumin-loaded chitosan-coated nanoparticles as a new approach for the local treatment of oral cavity cancer. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 15:781\u2013791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1166\/jnn.2015.9189","journal-title":"J Nanosci Nanotechnol"},{"key":"1635_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-023-01677-w","volume":"11","author":"MC Medeiros","year":"2023","unstructured":"Medeiros MC, The S, Bellile E, Russo N, Schmitd L, Danella E, Singh P, Banerjee R, Bassis C, Murphy GR 3rd, Sartor MA, Lombaert I, Schmidt TM, Eisbruch A, Murdoch-Kinch CA, Rozek L, Wolf GT, Li G, Chen GY, D\u2019Silva NJ (2023) Salivary microbiome changes distinguish response to chemoradiotherapy in patients with oral cancer. Microbiome 11:268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40168-023-01677-w","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"1635_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2015.525","volume":"9","author":"A Mishra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mishra A, Kumar R, Tyagi A, Kohaar I, Hedau S, Bharti AC, Sarker S, Dey D, Saluja D, Das B (2015) Curcumin modulates cellular AP-1, NF-kB, and HPV16 E6 proteins in oral cancer. Ecancermedicalscience 9:525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3332\/ecancer.2015.525","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"},{"key":"1635_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-019-00768-0","volume":"26","author":"S Molla","year":"2020","unstructured":"Molla S, Hembram KC, Chatterjee S, Nayak D, Sethy C, Pradhan R, Kundu CN (2020) PARP inhibitor Olaparib enhances the apoptotic potentiality of curcumin by increasing the DNA damage in oral cancer cells through inhibition of BER cascade. Pathol Oncol Res 26:2091\u20132103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12253-019-00768-0","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"key":"1635_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.5662\/wjm.v13.i3.29","volume":"13","author":"D Mukherjee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mukherjee D, Krishnan A (2023) Therapeutic potential of curcumin and its nanoformulations for treating oral cancer. World J Methodol 13:29\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5662\/wjm.v13.i3.29","journal-title":"World J Methodol"},{"key":"1635_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.6b00975","volume":"60","author":"KM Nelson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nelson KM, Dahlin JL, Bisson J, Graham J, Pauli GF, Walters MA (2017) The essential medicinal chemistry of curcumin. J Med Chem 60:1620\u20131637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.6b00975","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"1635_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4177","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2020.11523","volume":"19","author":"Y Ohnishi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ohnishi Y, Sakamoto T, Zhengguang L, Yasui H, Hamada H, Kubo H, Nakajima M (2020) Curcumin inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral cancer cells via c-Met blockade. Oncol Lett 19:4177\u20134182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2020.11523","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"1635_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-022-01227-1","volume":"13","author":"A Ortega","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ortega A, da Silva AB, da Costa LM, Zatta KC, Onzi GR, da Fonseca FN, Guterres SS, Paese K (2023) Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive hydrogel containing curcumin-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules coated with chitosan for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Drug Deliv Transl Res 13:642\u2013657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13346-022-01227-1","journal-title":"Drug Deliv Transl Res"},{"key":"1635_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.05.048","volume":"348","author":"S Pan-On","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pan-On S, Dilokthornsakul P, Tiyaboonchai W (2022) Trends in advanced oral drug delivery system for curcumin: a systematic review. J Control Release 348:335\u2013345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.05.048","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"1635_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2014.46.1.2","volume":"46","author":"S Prasad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB (2014) Recent developments in delivery, bioavailability, absorption and metabolism of curcumin: the golden pigment from golden spice. Cancer Res Treat 46:2\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4143\/crt.2014.46.1.2","journal-title":"Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"1635_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25795","volume":"233","author":"M Ramezani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ramezani M, Hatamipour M, Sahebkar A (2018) Promising anti-tumor properties of bisdemethoxycurcumin: a naturally occurring curcumin analogue. J Cell Physiol 233:880\u2013887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.25795","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1635_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-2433","volume":"74","author":"KS Rath","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rath KS, Naidu SK, Lata P, Bid HK, Rivera BK, McCann GA, Tierney BJ, Elnaggar AC, Bravo V, Leone G, Houghton P, Hideg K, Kuppusamy P, Cohn DE, Selvendiran K (2014) HO-3867, a safe STAT3 inhibitor, is selectively cytotoxic to ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 74:2316\u20132327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-2433","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"1635_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3045","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2020.11441","volume":"19","author":"GRM La Rosa","year":"2020","unstructured":"La Rosa GRM, Gattuso G, Pedulla E, Rapisarda E, Nicolosi D, Salmeri M (2020) Association of oral dysbiosis with oral cancer development. Oncol Lett 19:3045\u20133058. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2020.11441","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"1635_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4379","volume":"43","author":"A Rosa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rosa A, Nieddu M, Pitzanti G, Pireddu R, Lai F, Cardia MC (2023) Impact of solid lipid nanoparticles on 3T3 fibroblasts viability and lipid profile: the effect of curcumin and resveratrol loading. J Appl Toxicol 43:272\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jat.4379","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"1635_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.09.013","volume":"164","author":"M Rui","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rui M, Zhang X, Huang J, Wei D, Li Z, Shao Z, Ju H, Ren G (2021) The baseline oral microbiota predicts the response of locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma patients to induction chemotherapy: a prospective longitudinal study. Radiother Oncol 164:83\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.09.013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"1635_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-024-01279-9","volume":"40","author":"E Saberian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Saberian E, Jen\u010dov\u00e1 J, Jen\u010da A, Jen\u010da A, Petr\u00e1\u0161ov\u00e1 A, Jen\u010da J, Akbarzadehkhayavi A (2025) Combination therapy of curcumin and cisplatin encapsulated in niosome nanoparticles for enhanced oral cancer treatment. Indian J Clin Biochem 40:59\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12291-024-01279-9","journal-title":"Indian J Clin Biochem"},{"key":"1635_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.2174\/0118715206297840240510063330","volume":"25","author":"V Schiavoni","year":"2025","unstructured":"Schiavoni V, Emanuelli M, Sartini D, Salvolini E, Pozzi V, Campagna R (2025) Curcumin and its analogues in oral squamous cell carcinoma: state-of-the-art and therapeutic potential. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 25:313\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0118715206297840240510063330","journal-title":"Anticancer Agents Med Chem"},{"key":"1635_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5018","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb45060319","volume":"45","author":"A Semlali","year":"2023","unstructured":"Semlali A, Beji S, Ajala I, Al-Zharani M, Rouabhia M (2023) Synergistic effects of new curcumin analog (PAC) and cisplatin on oral cancer therapy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 45:5018\u20135035. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cimb45060319","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"},{"key":"1635_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90754-x","volume":"11","author":"A Semlali","year":"2021","unstructured":"Semlali A, Contant C, Al-Otaibi B, Al-Jammaz I, Chandad F (2021) The curcumin analog (PAC) suppressed cell survival and induced apoptosis and autophagy in oral cancer cells. Sci Rep 11:11701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-90754-x","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1635_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_822_18","volume":"31","author":"S Shah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shah S, Rath H, Sharma G, Senapati SN, Mishra E (2020) Effectiveness of curcumin mouthwash on radiation-induced oral mucositis among head and neck cancer patients: a triple-blind, pilot randomised controlled trial. Indian J Dent Res 31:718\u2013727. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_822_18","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res"},{"key":"1635_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2006.07.027","volume":"228","author":"C Sharma","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sharma C, Kaur J, Shishodia S, Aggarwal BB, Ralhan R (2006) Curcumin down regulates smokeless tobacco-induced NF-kappaB activation and COX-2 expression in human oral premalignant and cancer cells. Toxicology 228:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2006.07.027","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"1635_CR105","first-page":"1894","volume":"7","author":"RA Sharma","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sharma RA, McLelland HR, Hill KA, Ireson CR, Euden SA, Manson MM, Pirmohamed M, Marnett LJ, Gescher AJ, Steward WP (2001) Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study of oral Curcuma extract in patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 7:1894\u20131900","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"1635_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1352.010","volume":"1056","author":"S Shishodia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shishodia S, Sethi G, Aggarwal BB (2005) Curcumin: getting back to the roots. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1056:206\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1352.010","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"1635_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-957450","volume":"64","author":"G Shoba","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shoba G, Joy D, Joseph T, Majeed M, Rajendran R, Srinivas PS (1998) Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers. Planta Med 64:353\u2013356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2006-957450","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"1635_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2446","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.22692","volume":"56","author":"G Siddappa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Siddappa G, Kulsum S, Ravindra DR, Kumar VV, Raju N, Raghavan N, Sudheendra HV, Sharma A, Sunny SP, Jacob T, Kuruvilla BT, Benny M, Antony B, Seshadri M, Lakshminarayan P, Hicks W Jr., Suresh A, Kuriakose MA (2017) Curcumin and metformin-mediated chemoprevention of oral cancer is associated with inhibition of cancer stem cells. Mol Carcinog 56:2446\u20132460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mc.22692","journal-title":"Mol Carcinog"},{"key":"1635_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010038","author":"SA Sideek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sideek SA, El-Nassan HB, Fares AR, ElMeshad AN, Elkasabgy NA (2022) Different curcumin-loaded delivery systems for wound healing applications: a comprehensive review. Pharmaceutics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010038","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"1635_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.70043","volume":"76","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2026","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Kratzer TB, Wagle NS, Sung H, Jemal A (2026) Cancer statistics, 2026. CA Cancer J Clin 76:e70043. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.70043","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"1635_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4103\/njms.njms_29_22","volume":"14","author":"AK Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh AK, Sharma NK, Mishra N, Mahajan A, Krishnan A, Rajpoot R, Kumar JA, Pandey A (2023) Effects of curcumin on oral cancer at molecular level: a systematic review. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 14:9\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njms.njms_29_22","journal-title":"Natl J Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"1635_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-013-1357-7","volume":"29","author":"SP Singh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Singh SP, Sharma M, Gupta PK (2014) Enhancement of phototoxicity of curcumin in human oral cancer cells using silica nanoparticles as delivery vehicle. Lasers Med Sci 29:645\u2013652. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-013-1357-7","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"1635_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.06274","volume":"8","author":"CH Squarize","year":"2006","unstructured":"Squarize CH, Castilho RM, Sriuranpong V, Pinto DS Jr, Gutkind JS (2006) Molecular cross-talk between the NFkappaB and STAT3 signaling pathways in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Neoplasia 8:733\u2013746. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1593\/neo.06274","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"1635_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-018-1126-z","volume":"17","author":"S Srivastava","year":"2018","unstructured":"Srivastava S, Mohammad S, Pant AB, Mishra PR, Pandey G, Gupta S, Farooqui S (2018) Co-delivery of 5-Fluorouracil and curcumin nanohybrid formulations for improved chemotherapy against oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 17:597\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12663-018-1126-z","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"1635_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2021.11.002","volume":"86","author":"M Stasiewicz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stasiewicz M, Karpinski TM (2022) The oral microbiota and its role in carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 86:633\u2013642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semcancer.2021.11.002","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"1635_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111860","author":"CW Su","year":"2021","unstructured":"Su CW, Chuang CY, Chen YT, Yang WE, Pan YP, Lin CW, Yang SF (2021) FLLL32 triggers caspase-mediated apoptotic cell death in human oral cancer cells by regulating the p38 pathway. Int J Mol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms222111860","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1635_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X24500241","volume":"52","author":"CW Su","year":"2024","unstructured":"Su CW, Kao SH, Chen YT, Hsieh YH, Yang WE, Tsai MY, Lin CW, Yang SF (2024) Curcumin analog L48H37 induces apoptosis in human oral cancer cells by activating caspase cascades and downregulating the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins through JNK\/p38 signaling. Am J Chin Med 52:565\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/S0192415X24500241","journal-title":"Am J Chin Med"},{"key":"1635_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2025.101218","volume":"68","author":"SC Su","year":"2025","unstructured":"Su SC, Lin CW, Chen MK, Lee YC, Su CW, Bai S, Jangir H, Chuang CY, Chung WH, Chang LC, Yang SF (2025) Multimodal profiling of oral squamous cell carcinoma identifies genomic alterations and expression programs associated with betel quid chewing. Neoplasia 68:101218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neo.2025.101218","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"1635_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13101715","author":"R Tabanelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tabanelli R, Brogi S, Calderone V (2021) Improving curcumin bioavailability: current strategies and future perspectives. Pharmaceutics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics13101715","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"1635_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0000000000001149","volume":"46","author":"PL Thomas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Thomas PL, Kang HK, Rishi KS (2023) Randomized control study of the effects of turmeric mouthwash on oral health status, treatment-induced mucositis, and associated oral dysfunctions among patients with head and neck cancer. Cancer Nurs 46:36\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NCC.0000000000001149","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs"},{"key":"1635_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2515690X241258369","author":"C Udompatanakorn","year":"2024","unstructured":"Udompatanakorn C, Ratthawongjirakul P (2024) A Combination of curcumin and lactobacillus rhamnosus GG inhibits viability and induces apoptosis in SCC-9 human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Evid Based Integr Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2515690X241258369","journal-title":"J Evid Based Integr Med"},{"key":"1635_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.10.122","volume":"454","author":"C Xiao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xiao C, Wang L, Zhu L, Zhang C, Zhou J (2014) Curcumin inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC-9 cells proliferation by regulating miR-9 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 454:576\u2013580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.10.122","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1635_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.07.034","volume":"180","author":"S Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao S, Pi C, Ye Y, Zhao L, Wei Y (2019) Recent advances of analogues of curcumin for treatment of cancer. Eur J Med Chem 180:524\u2013535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2019.07.034","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"1635_CR124","first-page":"6438","volume":"7","author":"L Zhen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhen L, Fan D, Yi X, Cao X, Chen D, Wang L (2014) Curcumin inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma proliferation and invasion via EGFR signaling pathways. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 7:6438\u20136446","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"1635_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1080\/10286020.2016.1235562","volume":"19","author":"QT Zheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheng QT, Yang ZH, Yu LY, Ren YY, Huang QX, Liu Q, Ma XY, Chen ZK, Wang ZB, Zheng X (2017) Synthesis and antioxidant activity of curcumin analogs. J Asian Nat Prod Res 19:489\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10286020.2016.1235562","journal-title":"J Asian Nat Prod Res"},{"key":"1635_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-011-1749-y","volume":"69","author":"L Zhongfa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhongfa L, Chiu M, Wang J, Chen W, Yen W, Fan-Havard P, Yee LD, Chan KK (2012) Enhancement of curcumin oral absorption and pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids and curcumin metabolites in mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 69:679\u2013689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00280-011-1749-y","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"1635_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2009.00845.x","volume":"39","author":"A Zini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zini A, Czerninski R, Sgan-Cohen HD (2010) Oral cancer over four decades: epidemiology, trends, histology, and survival by anatomical sites. J Oral Pathol Med 39:299\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2009.00845.x","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"1635_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2012.09.015","volume":"49","author":"A Zlotogorski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zlotogorski A, Dayan A, Dayan D, Chaushu G, Salo T, Vered M (2013) Nutraceuticals as new treatment approaches for oral cancer\u2013I: curcumin. Oral Oncol 49:187\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2012.09.015","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"}],"container-title":["Archives of Pharmacal Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12272-026-01635-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12272-026-01635-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12272-026-01635-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:02:21Z","timestamp":1792684941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12272-026-01635-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":128,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9-10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1635"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12272-026-01635-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0253-6269","1976-3786"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0253-6269","type":"print"},{"value":"1976-3786","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}