{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:21:40Z","timestamp":1770978100548,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]],"date-time":"2019-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551484800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2016R1D1A1B04935568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2016R1D1A1B04935568"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebellum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-019-01018-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]],"date-time":"2019-03-02T04:08:59Z","timestamp":1551499739000},"page":"511-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparison of Ocular Motor Findings Between Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Multiple Sclerosis Involving the Brainstem and Cerebellum"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Sun-Uk","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyo-Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae-Hwan","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Yoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1508-2024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji-Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1018_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729","volume":"85","author":"DM Wingerchuk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, Cabre P, Carroll W, Chitnis T, et al. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology. 2015;85(2):177\u201389.","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"issue":"6","key":"1018_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513506953","volume":"20","author":"SY Huh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huh SY, Min JH, Kim W, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Kim BJ, et al. The usefulness of brain MRI at onset in the differentiation of multiple sclerosis and seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Mult Scler. 2014;20(6):695\u2013704.","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"9451","key":"1018_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17551-X","volume":"364","author":"VA Lennon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lennon VA, Wingerchuk DM, Kryzer TJ, Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF, Fujihara K, et al. A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitis optica: distinction from multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 2014;364(9451):2106\u201312.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"3","key":"1018_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/cen3.12107","volume":"5","author":"PJ Waters","year":"2014","unstructured":"Waters PJ, Pittock SJ, Bennett JL, Jarius S, Weinshenker BG, Wingerchuk DM. Evaluation of aquaporin-4 antibody assays. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol. 2014;5(3):290\u2013303.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Neuroimmunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1018_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2016-314005","volume":"88","author":"M Jury\u0144czyk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jury\u0144czyk M, Tackley G, Kong Y, Geraldes R, Matthews L, Woodhall M, et al. Brain lesion distribution criteria distinguish MS from AQP4-antibody NMOSD and MOG-antibody disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017;88(2):132\u20136.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"1018_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.7.964","volume":"63","author":"SJ Pittock","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pittock SJ, Weinshenker BG, Lucchinetti CF, Wingerchuk DM, Corboy JR, Lennon VA. Neuromyelitis optica brain lesions localized at sites of high aquaporin 4 expression. Arch Neurol. 2006;63(7):964\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1018_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8947-z","volume":"265","author":"SU Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee SU, Kim HJ, Choi JY, Yang X, Kim JS. Isolated acute vestibular syndrome due to presumed primary central nervous system lymphoma involving the dorsal medulla. J Neurol. 2018;265(8):1937\u20139.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1018_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.010972","volume":"46","author":"SU Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee SU, Park SH, Park JJ, Kim HJ, Han MK, Bae HJ, et al. Dorsal medullary infarction: distinct syndrome of isolated central vestibulopathy. Stroke. 2015;46(11):3081\u20137.","journal-title":"Stroke."},{"issue":"5","key":"1018_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8868-x","volume":"265","author":"SU Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee SU, Kim HJ, Choi JY, Kim JS. Lower brainstem melanocytoma masquerading as vestibular paroxysmia. J Neurol. 2018;265(5):1222\u20135.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1018_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2016.01984","volume":"19","author":"SU Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee SU, Kim HJ, Kang BS, Kim JS. Isolated medullary hemorrhage: clinical features in eleven consecutive patients. J Stroke. 2017;19(1):111\u20134.","journal-title":"J Stroke"},{"issue":"9","key":"1018_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000183151.19351.82","volume":"65","author":"T Misu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Misu T, Fujihara K, Nakashima I, Sato S, Itoyama Y. Intractable hiccup and nausea with periaqueductal lesions in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology. 2005;65(9):1479\u201382.","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"issue":"2","key":"1018_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366","volume":"69","author":"CH Polman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Polman CH, Reingold SC, Banwell B, Clanet M, Cohen JA, Filippi M, et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria. Ann Neurol. 2011;69(2):292\u2013302.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1018_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513507822","volume":"20","author":"L Kremer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kremer L, Mealy M, Jacob A, Nakashima I, Cabre P, Bigi S, et al. Brainstem manifestations in neuromyelitis optica: a multicenter study of 258 patients. Mult Scler. 2014;20(7):843\u20137.","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"4","key":"1018_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2013.9.4.203","volume":"9","author":"YE Huh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Huh YE, Kim JS. Bedside evaluation of dizzy patients. J Clin Neurol. 2013;9(4):203\u201313.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1018_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31805c08ac","volume":"117","author":"KD Choi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi KD, Oh SY, Kim HJ, Koo JW, Cho BM, Kim JS. Recovery of vestibular imbalances after vestibular neuritis. Laryngoscope. 2007;117(7):1307\u201312.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"7","key":"1018_CR16","first-page":"913","volume":"65","author":"P Waters","year":"2018","unstructured":"Waters P, Jarius S, Littleton E, Leite MI, Jacob S, Gray B, et al. Aquaporin-4 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Arch Neurol. 2018;65(7):913\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1018_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.10.013","volume":"125","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Lee JH, Kim JS. Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials to head tap and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials to air-conducted sounds in isolated internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Clin Neurophysiol. 2013;125(5):1042\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1018_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2009.5.2.101","volume":"5","author":"JY Shin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shin JY, Song HS, Koo JW, Lee HS, Kim JS. Abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in medial medullary infarction. J Clin Neurol. 2009;5(2):101\u20133.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1018_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8088-1","volume":"263","author":"SU Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee SU, Kim HJ, Park JJ, Kim JS. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia plus ataxia indicates a dorsomedial tegmental lesion at the pontomesencephalic junction. J Neurol. 2016;263(5):973\u201380.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1018_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.05.056","volume":"33","author":"J Diedrichsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Diedrichsen J. A spatially unbiased atlas template of the human cerebellum. Neuroimage. 2006;33(1):127\u201338.","journal-title":"Neuroimage."},{"issue":"8","key":"1018_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22766","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022766","volume":"6","author":"Z Lu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lu Z, Zhang B, Qiu W, Kang Z, Shen L, Long Y, et al. Comparative brain stem lesions on MRI of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e22766.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"1018_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2008.01012.x","volume":"118","author":"Y Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li Y, Xie P, Lv F, Mu J, Li Q, Yang Q, et al. Brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica. Acta Neurol Scand. 2008;118(4):218\u201325.","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"issue":"10","key":"1018_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.10.863","volume":"55","author":"D Barnes","year":"1992","unstructured":"Barnes D, McDonald W. The ocular manifestations of multiple sclerosis. 2. Abnormalities of eye movements. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1992;55(10):863\u20138.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"1018_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(87)90094-3","volume":"81","author":"A Bronstein","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bronstein A, Miller D, Rudge P, Kendall B. Down beating nystagmus: magnetic resonance imaging and neuro-otological findings. J Neurol Sci. 1987;81(2):173\u201384.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1018_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.7224\/1537-2073-14.1.31","volume":"14","author":"JM Roodhooft","year":"2012","unstructured":"Roodhooft JM. Summary of eye examinations of 284 patients with multiple sclerosis. Int J MS Care. 2012;14(1):31\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J MS Care"},{"key":"1018_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02849.x","volume":"956","author":"D Downey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Downey D, Stahl J, Bhidayasiri R, Derwenskus J, Adams NL, Ruff RL, et al. Saccadic and vestibular abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002;956:438\u201340.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1018_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.2.276","volume":"56","author":"S Matsumoto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Matsumoto S, Ohyagi Y, Inoue I, Oishi A, Goto H, Nakagawa T, et al. Periodic alternating nystagmus in a patient with MS. Neurology. 2001;56(2):276\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"1018_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000507","volume":"37","author":"E Nerrant","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nerrant E, Tilikete C. Ocular motor manifestations of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroophthalmol. 2017;37(3):332\u201340.","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"1018_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513479840","volume":"19","author":"L Jasse","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jasse L, Vukusic S, Durand-Dubief F, Vartin C, Piras C, Bernard M, et al. Persistent visual impairment in multiple sclerosis: prevalence, mechanisms and resulting disability. Mult Scler. 2013;19(12):1618\u201326.","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"4","key":"1018_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514541977","volume":"21","author":"J Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee J, Jeong SH, Park SM, Sohn EH, Lee AY, Kim JM, et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive dorsal midbrain syndrome. Mult Scler. 2015;21(4):477\u201380.","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"3","key":"1018_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e31821d549b","volume":"31","author":"R Hage Jr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hage R Jr, Merle H, Jeannin S, Cabre P. Ocular oscillations in the neuromyelitis optica spectrum. J Neuroophthalmol. 2011;31(3):255\u20139.","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1018_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-317566","volume":"89","author":"M Mori","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mori M, Kuwabara S, Paul F. Worldwide prevalence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2018;89(6):555\u20136.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"1018_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70216-8","volume":"6","author":"DM Wingerchuk","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Lucchinetti CF, Pittock SJ, Weinshenker BG. The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6(9):805\u201315.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1018_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws109","volume":"135","author":"J Kitley","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kitley J, Leite MI, Nakashima I, Waters P, McNeillis B, Brown R, et al. Prognostic factors and disease course in aquaporin-4 antibody-positive patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder from the United Kingdom and Japan. Brain. 2012;135(6):1834\u201349.","journal-title":"Brain."},{"issue":"8","key":"1018_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.112","volume":"69","author":"SM Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim SM, Go MJ, Sung JJ, Park KS, Lee KW. Painful tonic spasm in neuromyelitis optica: incidence, diagnostic utility, and clinical characteristics. Arch Neurol. 2012;69(8):1026\u201331.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1018_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512457720","volume":"19","author":"L Elsone","year":"2013","unstructured":"Elsone L, Townsend T, Mutch K, Das K, Boggild M, Nurmikko T, et al. Neuropathic pruritus (itch) in neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler. 2013;19(4):475\u20139.","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"1018_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199969289.001.0001","volume-title":"The neurology of eye movements","author":"RJ Leigh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leigh RJ, Zee DS. The neurology of eye movements. New York: Oxford University Press; 2015."},{"key":"1018_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(05)51007-0","volume":"151","author":"RA McCrea","year":"2006","unstructured":"McCrea RA, Horn AK. Nucleus prepositus. Prog Brain Res. 2006;151:205\u201330.","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1018_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0719-z","volume":"13","author":"S Jarius","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jarius S, Kleiter I, Ruprecht K, Asgari N, Pitarokoili K, Borisow N, et al. MOG-IgG in NMO and related disorders: a multicenter study of 50 patients. Part 3: brainstem involvement-frequency, presentation and outcome. J Neuroinflammation. 2016;13(1):281.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"9","key":"1018_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511404917","volume":"17","author":"W Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim W, Kim SH, Hyun Lee S, Feng Li X, Jin Kim H. Brain abnormalities as an initial manifestation of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Mult Scler. 2011;17(9):1107\u201312.","journal-title":"Mult Scler"}],"container-title":["The Cerebellum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01018-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01018-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01018-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,29]],"date-time":"2020-02-29T19:29:27Z","timestamp":1583004567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01018-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01018-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-4222","1473-4230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-4222","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-4230","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 March 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"S.U. Lee, H.J. Kim, J.Y. Choi, and J.H. Choi report no disclosure.J.S. Kim serves as an Associate Editor of Frontiers in Neuro-otology and on the editorial boards of the Journal of Clinical Neurology, Frontiers in Neuro-ophthalmology, Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology, Journal of Vestibular Research, Journal of Neurology, and Medicine, and received research support from SK Chemicals, Co. Ltd.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was performed according to the guidelines of Institutional Review Board of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (B-1810-497-102) and Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital (05-2018-127).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Standard"}}]}}