{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:40:18Z","timestamp":1788349218019,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]],"date-time":"2019-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576281600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]],"date-time":"2019-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebellum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-019-01090-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]],"date-time":"2019-12-14T12:05:02Z","timestamp":1576325102000},"page":"724-733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Opsoclonus Following Downbeat Nystagmus in Absence of Visual Fixation in Multiple System Atrophy: Modulation and Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ju-Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunjin","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo-Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Yoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui Jong","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1508-2024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji-Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1090_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199969289.001.0001","volume-title":"The neurology of eye movements","author":"RJ Leigh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leigh RJ and Zee DS. The neurology of eye movements. OUP USA; 2015."},{"key":"1090_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl309","volume":"130","author":"S Ramat","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ramat S, Leigh RJ, Zee DS, Optican LM. What clinical disorders tell us about the neural control of saccadic eye movements. Brain. 2007;130:10\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awl309.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1090_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.4607","volume":"73","author":"T Armangue","year":"2016","unstructured":"Armangue T, Sabater L, Torres-Vega E, Martinez-Hernandez E, Arino H, Petit-Pedrol M, et al. Clinical and immunological features of opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome in the era of neuronal cell surface antibodies. JAMA Neurol. 2016;73:417\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.4607.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-9138-7","volume":"266","author":"SY Oh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oh SY, Kim JS, Dieterich M. Update on opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome in adults. J Neurol. 2019;266:1541\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-018-9138-7.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-004-1989-8","volume":"160","author":"S Ramat","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramat S, Leigh RJ, Zee DS, Optican LM. Ocular oscillations generated by coupling of brainstem excitatory and inhibitory saccadic burst neurons. Exp Brain Res. 2005;160:89\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-004-1989-8.","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"1090_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)00616-X","volume":"171","author":"S Ramat","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ramat S, Leigh RJ, Zee DS, Shaikh AG, Optican LM. Applying saccade models to account for oscillations. Prog Brain Res. 2008;171:123\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)00616-X.","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"1090_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e31818eb3a5","volume":"28","author":"AG Shaikh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shaikh AG, Ramat S, Optican LM, Miura K, Leigh RJ, Zee DS. Saccadic burst cell membrane dysfunction is responsible for saccadic oscillations. J Neuroophthalmol. 2008;28:329\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WNO.0b013e31818eb3a5.","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"1090_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06130.x","volume":"1233","author":"AG Shaikh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shaikh AG, Zee DS, Optican LM, Miura K, Ramat S, Leigh RJ. The effects of ion channel blockers validate the conductance-based model of saccadic oscillations. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011;1233:58\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06130.x.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"1090_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410050502","volume":"5","author":"DS Zee","year":"1979","unstructured":"Zee DS, Robinson DA. A hypothetical explanation of saccadic oscillations. Ann Neurol. 1979;5:405\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410050502.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(01)00564-0","volume":"189","author":"AM Wong","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wong AM, Musallam S, Tomlinson RD, Shannon P, Sharpe JA. Opsoclonus in three dimensions: oculographic, neuropathologic and modelling correlates. J Neurol Sci. 2001;189:71\u201381.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"1090_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.6.763-a","volume":"57","author":"J Scholz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Scholz J, Vieregge P, Ruff C. Paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome in metastatic ovarian carcinoma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1994;57:763\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.57.6.763-a.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"1090_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200101)49:1<24::aid-ana6>3.0.co;2-t","volume":"49","author":"R Bhidayasiri","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bhidayasiri R, Somers JT, Kim JI, Ramat S, Nayak S, Bokil HS, et al. Ocular oscillations induced by shifts of the direction and depth of visual fixation. Ann Neurol. 2001;49:24\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1531-8249(200101)49:1<24::aid-ana6>3.0.co;2-t.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190315","volume":"19","author":"TC Hain","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hain TC, Zee DS, Mordes M. Blink-induced saccadic oscillations. Ann Neurol. 1986;19:299\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410190315.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR14","first-page":"595","volume":"15","author":"MC Brodsky","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brodsky MC, Hunter JS. Positional ocular flutter and thickened optic nerves as sentinel signs of Krabbe disease. J Am Assocr Pediat Ophth Strab. 2011;15:595\u20137.","journal-title":"J Am Assocr Pediat Ophth Strab"},{"key":"1090_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000720","volume":"39","author":"AI Martins","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martins AI, Nunes C, Macario MC, Lemos J. Positional ocular flutter associated with middle cerebellar peduncle demyelination. J Neuroophthalmol. 2019;39:117\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000720.","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"1090_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10370","volume":"52","author":"S Marti","year":"2002","unstructured":"Marti S, Palla A, Straumann D. Gravity dependence of ocular drift in patients with cerebellar downbeat nystagmus. Ann Neurol. 2002;52:712\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.10370.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000260224.60943.c2","volume":"68","author":"KD Choi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi KD, Oh SY, Park SH, Kim JH, Koo JW, Kim JS. Head-shaking nystagmus in lateral medullary infarction: patterns and possible mechanisms. Neurology. 2007;68:1337\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000260224.60943.c2.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1090_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2009.5.2.74","volume":"5","author":"Y Yang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang Y, Kim JS, Kim S, Kim YK, Kwak YT, Han IW. Cerebellar hypoperfusion during transient global amnesia: an MRI and oculographic study. J Clin Neurol. 2009;5:74\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3988\/jcn.2009.5.2.74.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050920","volume":"129","author":"S Ramat","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ramat S, Das VE, Somers JT, Leigh RJ. Tests of two hypotheses to account for different-sized saccades during disjunctive gaze shifts. Exp Brain Res. 1999;129:500\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002210050920.","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"1090_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm323","volume":"131","author":"MC Fahey","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fahey MC, Cremer PD, Aw ST, Millist L, Todd MJ, White OB, et al. Vestibular, saccadic and fixation abnormalities in genetically confirmed Friedreich ataxia. Brain. 2008;131:1035\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awm323.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1090_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s40673-014-0015-6","volume":"1","author":"K Shindo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shindo K, Onohara A, Hata T, Kobayashi F, Nagasaka K, Nagasaka T, et al. Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome associated with multiple system atrophy. Cerebellum Ataxias. 2014;1:15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40673-014-0015-6.","journal-title":"Cerebellum Ataxias"},{"key":"1090_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1982.47.5.827","volume":"47","author":"C Evinger","year":"1982","unstructured":"Evinger C, Kaneko CR, Fuchs AF. Activity of omnipause neurons in alert cats during saccadic eye movements and visual stimuli. J Neurophysiol. 1982;47:827\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.1982.47.5.827.","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1090_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1993.70.2.576","volume":"70","author":"DP Munoz","year":"1993","unstructured":"Munoz DP, Wurtz RH. Fixation cells in monkey superior colliculus. II. Reversible activation and deactivation. J Neurophysiol. 1993;70:576\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.1993.70.2.576.","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1090_CR24","first-page":"1649","volume":"31","author":"J Shallo-Hoffmann","year":"1990","unstructured":"Shallo-Hoffmann J, Sendler B, Muhlendyck H. Normal square wave jerks in differing age groups. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990;31:1649\u201352.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"1090_CR25","first-page":"209","volume":"30","author":"K Ohtsuka","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ohtsuka K, Mukuno K, Ukai K, Ishikawa S. The origin of square wave jerks: conditions of fixation and microsaccades. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1986;30:209\u201315.","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1090_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3020","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm240","volume":"130","author":"AG Shaikh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shaikh AG, Miura K, Optican LM, Ramat S, Leigh RJ, Zee DS. A new familial disease of saccadic oscillations and limb tremor provides clues to mechanisms of common tremor disorders. Brain. 2007;130:3020\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awm240.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1090_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(80)90067-X","volume":"20","author":"D Guitton","year":"1980","unstructured":"Guitton D, Mandl G. A comparison between saccades and quick phases of vestibular nystagmus in the cat. Vis Res. 1980;20:865\u201373.","journal-title":"Vis Res"},{"key":"1090_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-002-1022-z","volume":"143","author":"IS Curthoys","year":"2002","unstructured":"Curthoys IS. Generation of the quick phase of horizontal vestibular nystagmus. Exp Brain Res. 2002;143:397\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-002-1022-z.","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"1090_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00250591","volume":"72","author":"Y Ohki","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ohki Y, Shimazu H, Suzuki I. Excitatory input to burst neurons from the labyrinth and its mediating pathway in the cat: location and functional characteristics of burster-driving neurons. Exp Brain Res. 1988;72:457\u201372.","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"1090_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902950306","volume":"295","author":"TP Langer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Langer TP, Kaneko CR. Brainstem afferents to the oculomotor omnipause neurons in monkey. J Comp Neurol. 1990;295:413\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.902950306.","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1990.sp018331","volume":"431","author":"DA McCormick","year":"1990","unstructured":"McCormick DA, Pape HC. Properties of a hyperpolarization-activated cation current and its role in rhythmic oscillation in thalamic relay neurons. J Physiol. 1990;431:291\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1990.sp018331.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"1090_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5308-y","volume":"257","author":"AG Shaikh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shaikh AG, Hain TC, Zee DS. Oculomotor disorders in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease. J Neurol. 2010;257:136\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-009-5308-y.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"1090_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2008.03.005","volume":"110","author":"I Markakis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Markakis I, Alexiou E, Xifaras M, Gekas G, Rombos A. Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome with autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2008;110:619\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2008.03.005.","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["The Cerebellum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01090-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01090-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01090-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T08:17:44Z","timestamp":1638173864000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01090-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1090"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-019-01090-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-4222","1473-4230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-4222","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-4230","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 December 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"Dr. J.S. Kim serves as an associate editor of Frontiers in Neuro-otology and on the editorial boards of the <i>Journal of Korean Society of Clinical Neurophysiology<\/i>, the <i>Journal of Clinical Neurology<\/i>, <i>Frontiers in Neuro-ophthalmology<\/i>, the <i>Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology<\/i>, the <i>Journal of Vestibular Research<\/i>, and the <i>Journal of Neurology, and Medicine<\/i>. Others have no conflicts of interest to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"This study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was performed according to the guidelines of the Institutional Review Board of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (B-1109\/135-106).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Standard"}}]}}