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However, accumulating evidence indicates that normal cerebellar development is disrupted by prematurity-associated complications causing cerebellar injury and by prematurity itself. This hampers not only the normal development of motor skills and gait, but also cognitive, language, and behavioral development, collectively referred to as \"developmental cognitive affective syndrome.\" In this comprehensive narrative review, we provide the results of an extensive literature search in PubMed and Embase to summarize recent evidence on altered cerebellar development in premature infants, focusing on neuroimaging findings, its causative factors and its impact on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-025-01790-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T22:54:38Z","timestamp":1738277678000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Cerebellar Development and the Burden of Prematurity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Tobias","family":"Muehlbacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Dudink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylke J.","family":"Steggerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1790_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0152-2","volume":"20","author":"A Sathyanesan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sathyanesan A, Zhou J, Scafidi J, Heck DH, Sillitoe RV, Gallo V. 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