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Although multi-session cerebellar iTBS combined with rehabilitation has been used in some clinical populations, its isolated effects in community-dwelling healthy older adults remain unknown, particularly in context of balance control and underlying cerebellar-motor cortex (M1) interactions. We tested whether a single-session, sham-controlled, cerebellar iTBS-only intervention could modulate balance and cerebellar-motor cortex (M1) interactions in community-dwelling older adults without neurological disease. The effects of cerebellar intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) on balance control and underlying cerebellar-motor cortex (M1) interactions in this population remain unclear. We investigated whether cerebellar iTBS led to [1] improved standing balance, and [2] changes in cerebellar-M1interactions measured using cerebellar brain inhibition (CBI) in older adults. Forty older adults were randomized to receive Active (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920) or Sham (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920) iTBS to the right lateral cerebellum. We measured postural sway (95% ellipse area of the center of pressure) during standing and CBI before iTBS and at multiple time points up to 30\u00a0min post-stimulation. Compared to sham, a single session of active iTBS reduced postural sway, with balance improvements sustained for at least 30\u00a0min post-stimulation. Cerebellar iTBS did not significantly alter CBI. Our results support the neuroplastic potential of the cerebellum as a viable target for therapeutic interventions aimed at improving balance in aging, potentially influencing circuits beyond direct cerebellar-M1 motor pathways.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-025-01915-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T08:21:20Z","timestamp":1759911680000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhancing Balance Control in Aging Through Cerebellar Theta-Burst Stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ashwini","family":"Sansare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madison","family":"Weinrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"1915_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(98)01221-2","volume":"2","author":"DM Wolpert","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wolpert DM, Miall RC, Kawato M. 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