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Previous studies suggest that children who develop POSI show different language profiles postoperatively compared to those who do not. It remains unclear to what extent these language difficulties exist preoperatively and whether preoperative\n                    <jats:italic>language<\/jats:italic>\n                    difficulties are related to postoperative\n                    <jats:italic>speech<\/jats:italic>\n                    status. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of preoperative language samples, using data from the European study of Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome. Patients with and without POSI were compared to identify preoperative language characteristics that may be associated with POSI. Preoperative language samples of 34 patients aged 3\u201316 years were analysed (16 developed POSI; 18 did not). We compared global sample characteristics and language performance across four levels: the semantic, lexical, morphosyntactic, and phonological level. No significant preoperative language differences were found between the groups for the four levels of language processing (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -values &gt;\u20090.137). Children who developed POSI produced more unintelligible speech preoperatively (\u03b2 = -14.455,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .024), with better intelligibility related to older age (age\u00d7group: \u03b2\u2009=\u20090.152,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .007), only for the group with POSI. While the main focus of this study was on language, these findings suggest that risk factors for POSI within the domain of verbal output may lie more in preoperative speech. A comprehensive analysis of preoperative speech may provide valuable insight into speech characteristics potentially related to POSI.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-026-01987-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T06:17:41Z","timestamp":1775801861000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of Presurgical Language in Children with Posterior Fossa Tumours Relative to Postoperative Speech Outcomes: Findings from the European CMS Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Aliene","family":"Reinders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheyenne","family":"Svaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annet","family":"Kingma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan Kj\u00e6r","family":"Gr\u00f8nb\u00e6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ditte Boeg","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Mathiasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Carai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Andreozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Mastronuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Pizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Thorbinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Aquilina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eelco","family":"Hoving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Juhler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roel","family":"Jonkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e2nia","family":"de Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1987_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810100496","volume":"17","author":"CH Rickert","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rickert CH, Paulus W. 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Data collection for this project was approved by the Research Ethics Committees of the Capital Region in Denmark (H-6-2014-002). The first participation of Dutch centres was approved by the Medical Ethics Review Committee (CMO) of Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen (NL55516.091.15). Following a temporary discontinuation, the second participation of Dutch centres received ethical approval from the Medical Ethics Review Committee NedMec (METC NedMec; NL81967.041.22). Participation of centres in the UK was approved by the North West - Liverpool East Research Ethics Committee (16\/NW\/0633). Participation of the Italian centre was approved by the Ethical Committee of the IRCCS Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital (1923\/2019). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Considerations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or from a parent of the participating children.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human Ethics and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"48"}}