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Yet social prediction has been scantly investigated in neurodegenerative cerebellar patients (CB). Thus, we examined CB social-prediction abilities and related cerebellar-cerebral networks, using tailored tasks and resting-state fMRI. Thirteen adult CB and twenty-six matched controls completed three computerized prediction tasks, where contextual priors activate specific internal models setting expectations which may influence recognition of ambiguous targets (emotion expressions, personality-traits, non-social objects). Accuracy and response times were analysed through 2\u2009\u00d7\u20092\u2009\u00d7\u20092 mixed-effects ANOVAs. A congruency index (CI) reflecting whether response was driven by contextual influence was derived from performance efficiency scores and analysed through a 2\u2009\u00d7\u20092 mixed-effects ANOVA. Participants underwent 3T brain MRI, including T1-weighted and resting-state fMRI sequences. Posterior and vermian cerebellar lobules were chosen\n                    <jats:italic>a-priori<\/jats:italic>\n                    as regions of interest and used in a Seed-Based fMRI analysis examining cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity (FC). FC values from patients\u2019 altered connectivity clusters were extracted and correlated with CIs. CB performed worse in the personality-traits task, showing higher reliance on contextual cues. Cerebellar-cerebral underconnectivity was found within networks involved in mentalizing and learning. In CB, higher CI in the personality-traits task, reflecting greater contextual influence and failure to revise behavioural responses, significantly correlated with right lobule VIII-right putamen underconnectivity. These findings indicate reduced flexibility in updating higher-order social predictions when contextual expectations conflict with incoming information, accompanied by altered cerebellar-cerebral FC. Exploratory findings further point to cerebellar-basal ganglia connectivity as a potentially relevant network component of predictive social cognition, warranting further investigation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-026-02095-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:38:12Z","timestamp":1791257892000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Large-Scale Cerebellar-Cerebral Network Alterations Underlying Impaired Social Predictive Processing in Cerebellar Neurodegeneration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Libera","family":"Siciliano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Urbini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giusy","family":"Olivito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Pisu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Tanieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ciricugno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viola","family":"Oldrati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Giove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Borgatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaira","family":"Cattaneo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cosimo","family":"Urgesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Leggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2095_CR1","unstructured":"Fiske ST, Taylor SE. 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