{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:59:41Z","timestamp":1786982381678,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009857","name":"Regeneron Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009857","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adv Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-025-03209-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T04:44:07Z","timestamp":1747629847000},"page":"3285-3305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Conjunctivitis in Adults with Atopic Dermatitis Treated with Dupilumab: An Observational Study of Clinical Characteristics, Symptomatology, and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Penny","family":"Asbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esen","family":"Akpek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winston","family":"Chamberlain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Lawless","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Van Spall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zafer E.","family":"Ozturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9285-8164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brad","family":"Shumel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"3209_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.03.003","volume":"77","author":"JP Thyssen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thyssen JP, Toft PB, Halling-Overgaard A-S, Gislason GH, Skov L, Egeberg A. Incidence, prevalence, and risk of selected ocular disease in adults with atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;77(2):280\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.03.003.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3209_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14127","volume":"52","author":"RE Achten","year":"2022","unstructured":"Achten RE, Bakker DS, van Luijk CM, et al. Ocular surface disease is common in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis patients. Clin Exp Allergy. 2022;52(6):801\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cea.14127.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"3209_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.10.009","volume":"7","author":"K Govind","year":"2019","unstructured":"Govind K, Whang K, Khanna R, Scott AW, Kwatra SG. Atopic dermatitis is associated with increased prevalence of multiple ocular comorbidities. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019;7(1):288\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.10.009.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"3209_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.11.037","volume":"85","author":"NH Ravn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ravn NH, Ahmadzay ZF, Christensen TA, et al. Bidirectional association between atopic dermatitis, conjunctivitis, and other ocular surface diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;85(2):453\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.11.037.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3209_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17832","volume":"36","author":"ATM R\u00f8nnstad","year":"2022","unstructured":"R\u00f8nnstad ATM, Hansen PM, Halling AS, et al. Factors associated with ocular surface disease and severity in adults with atopic dermatitis: a nationwide survey. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022;36(4):592\u2013601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.17832.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3209_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15717","volume":"78","author":"R Achten","year":"2023","unstructured":"Achten R, Thijs J, van der Wal M, et al. Dupilumab-associated ocular surface disease in atopic dermatitis patients: clinical characteristics, ophthalmic treatment response and conjunctival goblet cell analysis. Allergy. 2023;78(8):2266\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/all.15717.","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"3209_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20706","volume":"186","author":"P Bortoluzzi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bortoluzzi P, Ferucci S, Galimberti D, et al. New insights on ocular surface disease in patients with atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab. Br J Dermatol. 2022;186(1):186\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.20706.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3209_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijwd.2019.10.001","volume":"5","author":"J Raffi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raffi J, Suresh R, Fishman H, Botto N, Murase JE. Investigating the role of allergic contact dermatitis in residual ocular surface disease on dupilumab (ROSDD). Int J Womens Dermatol. 2019;5(5):308\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijwd.2019.10.001.","journal-title":"Int J Womens Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3209_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.7.797","volume":"82","author":"P Yokoi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yokoi P, Yokoi N, Kinosjita S. Impairment of ocular surface epithelium barrier function in patients with atopic dermatitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1998;82(7):797\u2013800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.82.7.797.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3209_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-019-00455-5","volume":"20","author":"KM Beck","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beck KM, Seitzman GD, Yang EJ, Sanchez IM, Liao W. Ocular co-morbidities of atopic dermatitis. Part I: Associated ocular diseases. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2019;20(6):797\u2013805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40257-019-00455-5.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3209_CR11","first-page":"189","volume":"104","author":"JI Hsu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hsu JI, Pflugfelder SC, Kim SJ. Ocular complications of atopic dermatitis. Cutis. 2019;104(3):189\u201393.","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3209_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14461","volume":"54","author":"R Achten","year":"2024","unstructured":"Achten R, Thijs J, van der Wal M, et al. Ocular surface disease in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis patients and the effect of biological therapy. Clin Exp Allergy. 2024;54(4):241\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cea.14461.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"3209_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2010.06.004","volume":"30","author":"B Bielory","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bielory B, Bielory L. Atopic dermatitis and keratoconjunctivitis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2010;30:323\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iac.2010.06.004.","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"3209_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16724","volume":"35","author":"AT Touhouche","year":"2021","unstructured":"Touhouche AT, Cassagne M, B\u00e9rard E, et al. Incidence and risk factors for dupilumab associated ocular adverse events: a real-life prospective study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021;35(1):172\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.16724.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"8 Suppl","key":"3209_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000178741.14212.53","volume":"24","author":"M Dogru","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dogru M, Okada N, Asano-Kato N, et al. Atopic ocular surface disease: implications on tear function and ocular surface mucins. Cornea. 2005;24(8 Suppl):S18\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ico.0000178741.14212.53.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"9","key":"3209_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-023-00980-6","volume":"13","author":"JI Silverberg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Silverberg JI, Shi VY, Alexis A, et al. Racial and ethnic differences in sociodemographic, clinical and treatment characteristics among patients with atopic dermatitis in the United States and Canada: real-world data from the CorEvitas Atopic Dermatitis Registry. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023;13(9):2045\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13555-023-00980-6.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"issue":"3","key":"3209_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17869","volume":"181","author":"B Akinlade","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akinlade B, Guttman-Yassky E, de Bruin-Weller M, et al. Conjunctivitis in dupilumab clinical trials. Br J Dermatol. 2019;181(3):459\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.17869.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"3209_CR18","unstructured":"DUPIXENT\u00ae (dupilumab). Highlights of Prescribing Information. US Food and Drug Administration; 2022. Available at:chrome-extension:\/\/efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj\/https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2024\/761055s057lbl.pdf. Accessed May 15, 2024."},{"issue":"3","key":"3209_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.09.042","volume":"9","author":"RE Achten","year":"2021","unstructured":"Achten RE, Bakker DS, Ariens L, et al. Long-term follow-up and treatment outcomes of conjunctivitis during dupilumab treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(3):1389-92.e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.09.042.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"3209_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.09.029","volume":"86","author":"T Fachler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fachler T, Shreberk-Hassidim R, Molho-Pessach V. Dupilumab-induced ocular surface disease. A systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022;86(2):486\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.09.029.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3209_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830.2018.1553190","volume":"38","author":"MLM Yamane","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yamane MLM, Belsito DV, Dagi Glass LR. Two differing presentations of periocular dermatitis as a side effect of dupilumab for atopic dermatitis. Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2019;38(5):390\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01676830.2018.1553190.","journal-title":"Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)"},{"issue":"12","key":"3209_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.3427","volume":"154","author":"RM Levine","year":"2018","unstructured":"Levine RM, Tattersall IW, Gaudio PA, King BA. Cicatrizing blepharoconjunctivitis occurring during dupilumab treatment and a proposed algorithm for its management. JAMA Dermatol. 2018;154(12):1485\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.3427.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"3209_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2019.100550","volume":"16","author":"SA Paulose","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paulose SA, Sherman SW, Dagi Glass LR, Suh LH. Dupilumab-associated blepharoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2019;16: 100550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajoc.2019.100550.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"3209_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2022.101309","volume":"25","author":"F Di Staso","year":"2022","unstructured":"Di Staso F, Lambiase A, Di Staso S, Gattazzo I, Ciancaglini M, Scuderi G. Topical treatment of dupilumab-associated refractory conjunctivitis and keratitis. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2022;25: 101309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajoc.2022.101309.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3209_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2018.10.016","volume":"5","author":"MJ Zirwas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zirwas MJ, Wulf K, Beckman K. Lifitegrast add-on treatment for dupilumab-induced ocular surface disease (DIOSD): a novel case report. JAAD Case Rep. 2018;5(1):34\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdcr.2018.10.016.","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"3209_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.01.034","volume":"6","author":"A Wollenberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wollenberg A, Ariens L, Thurau S, van Luijk C, Seegr\u00e4ber M, de Bruin-Weller M. Conjunctivitis occurring in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab\u2014clinical characteristics and treatment. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018;6(5):1778-80.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.01.034.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"3209_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2017.06.017","volume":"7","author":"AC Barnes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barnes AC, Blandford AD, Perry JD. Cicatricial ectropion in a patient treated with dupilumab. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2017;7:120\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajoc.2017.06.017.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3209_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.08.051","volume":"84","author":"A-S Halling","year":"2021","unstructured":"Halling A-S, Loft N, Silverberg JI, Guttman-Yassky E, Thyssen JP. Real-world evidence of dupilumab efficacy and risk of adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;84(1):139\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.08.051.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3209_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002866","volume":"41","author":"T Felfeli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Felfeli T, Georgakopoulus JR, Jo CE, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of dupilumab-induced ocular surface disease in adults with atopic dermatitis. Cornea. 2022;41(10):1242\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002866.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"3209_CR30","first-page":"1436","volume":"31","author":"JG Walt","year":"1997","unstructured":"Walt JG, Rowe MM, Stern KL. Evaluating the functional impact of dry eye: the ocular surface disease index [abstract]. Drug Inf J. 1997;31:1436.","journal-title":"Drug Inf J"},{"key":"3209_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljae344","volume":"5","author":"MR Ardern-Jones","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ardern-Jones MR, Brown SJ, Flohr C, et al. An expert consensus on managing dupilumab-related ocular surface disorders in people with atopic dermatitis 2024. Br J Dermatol. 2024;5:344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljae344.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3209_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18932","volume":"37","author":"I Costedoat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Costedoat I, Wallaert M, Gaultier A, et al. Multicenter prospective observational study of dupilumab-induced ocular events in atopic dermatitis patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023;37(5):1056\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.18932.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3209_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3277","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01379-9","volume":"35","author":"MZ Popiela","year":"2021","unstructured":"Popiela MZ, Barbara R, Turnbull AMJ, et al. Dupilumab-associated ocular surface disease: presentation, management and long-term sequelae. Eye (Lond). 2021;35(12):3277\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-020-01379-9.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"16","key":"3209_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S336978","volume":"29","author":"Z Tauqeer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tauqeer Z, Jinno SE, Chung CW, Massaro-Giordano M, Bunya VY. Clinical characteristics and treatment for dupilumab-related ocular complications in atopic dermatitis patients. Clin Ophthalmol. 2022;29(16):947\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OPTH.S336978.","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3209_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19643","volume":"38","author":"AH Musters","year":"2024","unstructured":"Musters AH, van Lookeren FL, van der Gang LF, et al. Real-world reported adverse events related to systemic immunomodulating therapy in patients with atopic dermatitis: results from the TREAT NL (TREatment of Atopic eczema, the Netherlands) registry. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2024;38(3):530\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.19643.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3209_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11123104","volume":"11","author":"F Serino","year":"2023","unstructured":"Serino F, Dattilo V, Cennamo M, et al. Dupilumab-associated blepharoconjunctivitis: clinical and morphological aspects. Biomedicines. 2023;11(12):3104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines11123104.","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"3","key":"3209_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-022-00685-0","volume":"23","author":"LA Beck","year":"2022","unstructured":"Beck LA, Deleuran M, Bissonnette R, et al. Dupilumab provides acceptable safety and sustained efficacy for up to 4 years in an open-label study of adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2022;23(3):393\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40257-022-00685-0.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3209_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307415","volume":"100","author":"C Baudouin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baudouin C, Messmer EM, Aragona P, et al. Revisiting the vicious circle of dry eye disease: a focus on the pathophysiology of meibomian gland dysfunction. Br J Dermatol. 2016;100(3):300\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307415.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3209_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997d","volume":"52","author":"KB Green-Church","year":"2011","unstructured":"Green-Church KB, Butovitch I, Willcox M, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on tear film lipids and lipid-protein interactions in health and disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1979\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.10-6997d.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3209_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997a","volume":"52","author":"KK Nichols","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nichols KK, Foulks GN, Bron AJ, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: executive summary. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1922\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.10-6997a.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"3209_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6997g","volume":"52","author":"G Geerling","year":"2011","unstructured":"Geerling G, Tauber J, Badouin C, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on management and treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. Invest Opthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):2050\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.10-6997g.","journal-title":"Invest Opthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"3209_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000098","volume":"14","author":"D Dartt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dartt D, Masli S. Conjunctival epithelial and goblet cell function in chronic inflammation and ocular allergic inflammation. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;14(5):464\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000098.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3209_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17538","volume":"180","author":"DS Bakker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bakker DS, Ariens LFM, van Luijk C, et al. Goblet cell scarcity and conjunctival inflammation during treatment with dupilumab in patients with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2019;180(5):1248\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.17538.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3209_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.12.006","volume":"18","author":"J Alam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alam J, de Paiva CS, Pflugfelder SC. Immune-goblet cell interaction in the conjunctiva. Ocul Surf. 2020;18(2):326\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.12.006.","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"issue":"6","key":"3209_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3492","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5782","volume":"52","author":"RM Corrales","year":"2011","unstructured":"Corrales RM, de Paiva CS, Li D-Q, et al. Entrapment of conjunctival goblet cells by desiccation-induced cornification. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(6):3492\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.10-5782.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"3209_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.05.019","volume":"10","author":"ME Wechsler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wechsler ME, Klion AD, Paggiaro P, et al. Effect of dupilumab on blood eosinophil counts in patients with asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, atopic dermatitis, or eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022;10(10):2695\u2013709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.05.019.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"3209_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15041031","volume":"15","author":"T-Y Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin T-Y, Wang C-Y, Wang F-Y, Kang EY-C, Hwang Y-S. Association between dupilumab and conjunctivitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmaceutics. 2023;15(4):1031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics15041031.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"3209_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.07.031","volume":"85","author":"RA Waldman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Waldman RA, DeWane ME, Sloan SB, King B, Grant-Kels JM. Dupilumab ocular surface disease occurs predominantly in patients receiving dupilumab for atopic dermatitis: a multi-institution retrospective chart review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;85(3):735\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.07.031.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"3209_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2024.03.025","volume":"16","author":"G Yosipovitch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yosipovitch G, Kim BS, Kwatra SG, et al. Dupilumab improves pruritus and skin lesions in patients with prurigo nodularis: pooled results from two phase 3 trials (LIBERTY-PN PRIME and PRIME2). JAAD Int. 2024;16:163\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdin.2024.03.025.","journal-title":"JAAD Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"3209_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16330","volume":"178","author":"JP Thyssen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thyssen JP. Could conjunctivitis in patients with atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab be caused by colonization with Demodex and increased interleukin-17 levels? Br J Dermatol. 2018;178(5):1220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.16330.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3209_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-019-00465-3","volume":"20","author":"KM Beck","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beck KM, Seitzman GD, Yang EJ, Sanchez IM, Liao W. Ocular co-morbidities of atopic dermatitis. Part II: Ocular disease secondary to treatments. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2019;20(6):807\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40257-019-00465-3.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"3209_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4137\/OED.S16067","volume":"6","author":"C Schultz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schultz C. Safety and efficacy of cyclosporine in the treatment of chronic dry eye. Ophthalmol Eye Dis. 2014;6:37\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4137\/OED.S16067.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Eye Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"3209_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15608","volume":"33","author":"JP Thyssen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thyssen JP, de Bruin-Weller MS, Paller AS, et al. Conjunctivitis in atopic dermatitis patients with and without dupilumab therapy\u2014international eczema council survey and opinion. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(7):1224\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.15608.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3209_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-019-00288-x","volume":"19","author":"G Agnihotri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Agnihotri G, Shi K, Lio PA. A clinician\u2019s guide to the recognition and management of dupilumab-associated conjunctivitis. Drugs R D. 2019;19(4):311\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40268-019-00288-x.","journal-title":"Drugs R D"},{"issue":"2","key":"3209_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000176611.88579.0a","volume":"25","author":"HD Perry","year":"2006","unstructured":"Perry HD, Doshi-Carnevale S, Donnenfeld ED, Solomon R, Biser SA, Bloom AH. Efficacy of commercially available topical cyclosporine A 0.05% in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. Cornea. 2006;25(2):171\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ico.0000176611.88579.0a.","journal-title":"Cornea"}],"container-title":["Advances in Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12325-025-03209-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12325-025-03209-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12325-025-03209-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T04:14:10Z","timestamp":1750479250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12325-025-03209-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["3209"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12325-025-03209-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-238X","1865-8652"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-238X","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-8652","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Penny Asbell provides research support and is a consultant for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Esen Akpek provides research support to Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Winston Chamberlain is a medical advisor to Aslan Pharmaceuticals, Beyeonics Surgical, Glaukos Corporation, Immunogen, Kedrion Biopharma, LEO Pharma, Noveome Biotherapeutics, Pfizer, and Viatris; and provides research support to Cambium, Emmecell, Kowa Pharmaceuticals, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., and ReGenTree. Zhen Chen, Emma Lawless, and Brad Shumel are employees and shareholders of Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. Michael Van Spall, Zafer E. Ozturk are Sanofi employees and may hold stock and\/or stock options in the company.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the protocol and consensus ethical principles derived from international guidelines including the Declaration of Helsinki, CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines, applicable ICH GCP Guidelines, and other applicable laws and regulations. The protocol was reviewed and approved by institutional review boards\/ethics committees at all centers (Advarra IRB, University of Tennessee Health Centre IRB, and John Hopkins Medical IRB). Each participant provided written informed consent prior to his\/her participation in the study. Consent for publication was obtained from all patients whose clinical photographs are included.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}