{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T15:54:23Z","timestamp":1790610863955,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531353600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-018-0883-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T00:52:52Z","timestamp":1531356772000},"page":"38-45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Rare case of a gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Masakuni","family":"Fujii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Shiode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"883_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0b013e31807a2f49","volume":"31","author":"J Rothenstein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rothenstein J, Cleary SP, Pond GR, et al. Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: a decade of experience at the Princess Margaret Hospital. Am J Clin Oncol. 2008;31:64\u201370.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"883_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2012(Sup01)18","volume":"67","author":"K Oberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oberg K. Diagnostic work-up of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2012;67:109\u201312.","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"883_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11105","volume":"97","author":"IM Modlin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Modlin IM, Lye KD, Kidd M. A 5-decade analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors. Cancer. 2003;97:934\u201359.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"883_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-004-7443-z","volume":"29","author":"IM Modlin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Modlin IM, Shapiro MD, Kidd M. An analysis of rare carcinoid tumors: clarifying these clinical conundrums. World J Surg. 2005;29:92\u2013101.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"883_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.15.4377","volume":"26","author":"JC Yao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yao JC, Hassan M, Phan A, et al. One hundred years after \u201ccarcinoid\u201d: epidemiology of and prognostic factors for neuroendocrine tumors in 35,825 cases in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:3063\u201372.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"883_CR6","first-page":"8218","volume":"8","author":"C Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen C, Wang L, Liu X, et al. Gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma: report of 10 cases and comparision of clinicopathologic features with gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015;8:8218\u20138226","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"883_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23883","volume":"113","author":"O Hauso","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hauso O, Gustafsson BI, Kidd M, et al. Neuroendocrine tumor epidemiology: contrasting Norway and North America. Cancer. 2008;113:2655\u201364.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"883_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11916","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i33.11916","volume":"20","author":"H Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen H, Shen YY, Ni XZ. Two cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20:11916\u201320.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"883_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21388","volume":"67","author":"MB Amin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amin MB, Greene FL, Edge SB, et al. The Eighth Edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual: Continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more \u201cpersonalized\u201d approach to cancer staging. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67:93\u20139.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"883_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.893705","volume":"80","author":"A Monier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Monier A, Saloum N, Szmigielski W, et al. Neuroendocrine tumor of the gallbladder. Pol J Radiol. 2015;80:228\u201331.","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"},{"key":"883_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5281","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005281","volume":"95","author":"HJ Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu HJ, Zhou RX, Tan YQ, et al. Coexisting cancers: a mixture of neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in the gallbladder: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95:5281.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"883_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2009.08.002","volume":"13","author":"J Albores-Saavedra","year":"2009","unstructured":"Albores-Saavedra J. Carcinoid tumors and small-cell carcinomas of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts: a comparative study based on 221 cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2009;13:378\u201383.","journal-title":"Ann Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"883_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-015-9757-5","volume":"47","author":"DM Nemenqani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nemenqani DM, Fuloria J, Karam RA, et al. Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Case Report of Gallbladder Small Cell Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2016;47:432\u20135.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Cancer"},{"key":"883_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200105000-00005","volume":"25","author":"A Maitra","year":"2001","unstructured":"Maitra A, Tascilar M, Hruban RH, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular pathology study of 12 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25:595\u2013601.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"883_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s40792-016-0200-3","volume":"2","author":"T Adachi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adachi T, Haraguchi M, Irie J, et al. Gallbladder small cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review. Surg Case Rep. 2016;2:71.","journal-title":"Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"883_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.109.069765","volume":"51","author":"T Binderup","year":"2010","unstructured":"Binderup T, Knigge U, Loft A, et al. Functional imaging of neuroendocrine tumors: a head-to-head comparison of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, 123I-MIBG scintigraphy, and 18F-FDG PET. J Nucl Med. 2010;51:704\u201312.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"883_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.108.057505","volume":"50","author":"E Garin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Garin E, Le Jeune F, Devillers A, et al. Predictive value of 18F-FDG PET and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in patients with metastatic endocrine tumors. J Nucl Med. 2009;50:858\u201364.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"883_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-014-0900-3","volume":"28","author":"K Kubota","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kubota K, Okasaki M, Minamimoto R, et al. Lesion-based analysis of (18)F-FDG uptake and (111)In-Pentetreotide uptake by neuroendocrine tumors. Ann Nucl Med. 2014;28:1004\u201310.","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Med"},{"key":"883_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000348","volume":"259","author":"YM Hashim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hashim YM, Trinkaus KM, Linehan DC, et al. Regional lymphadenectomy is indicated in the surgical treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). Ann Surg. 2014;259:197\u2013203.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"883_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200010000-00014","volume":"24","author":"M Papotti","year":"2000","unstructured":"Papotti M, Cassoni P, Sapino A, et al. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder: report of two cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24:1424\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"883_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200607000-00009","volume":"30","author":"SR Jun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jun SR, Lee JM, Han JK, et al. High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the gallbladder and bile duct: Report of four cases with pathological correlation. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2006;30:604\u20139.","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"883_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-006-0171-z","volume":"449","author":"A Noske","year":"2006","unstructured":"Noske A, Pahl S. Combined adenosquamous and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder. Virchows Arch. 2006;449:135\u20136.","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"883_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2008.02311.x","volume":"58","author":"H Oshiro","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oshiro H, Matsuo K, Mawatari H, et al. Mucin-producing gallbladder adenocarcinoma with focal small cell and large cell neuroendocrine differentiation associated with pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Pathol Int. 2008;58:780\u20136.","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"883_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-008-0843-6","volume":"14","author":"C Shimono","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shimono C, Suwa K, Sato M, et al. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder: long survival achieved by multimodal treatment. Int J Clin Oncol. 2009;14:351\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"883_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2008.070649","volume":"85","author":"S Iype","year":"2009","unstructured":"Iype S, Mirza TA, Propper DJ, et al. Neuroendocrine tumours of the gallbladder: three cases and a review of the literature. Postgrad Med J. 2009;85:213\u20138.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"883_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v2.i1.56","volume":"2","author":"D Lin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lin D, Suwantarat N, Kwee S, et al. Cushing\u2019s syndrome caused by an ACTH-producing large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2010;2:56\u20138.","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"883_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2009.10.008","volume":"206","author":"K Sato","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sato K, Imai T, Shirota Y, et al. Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. Pathol Res Pract. 2010;206:397\u2013400.","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"883_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2011.02709.x","volume":"61","author":"AE Paniz Mondolfi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Paniz Mondolfi AE, Slova D, Fan W, et al. Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) of the gallbladder: a possible stem cell tumor? Pathol Int. 2011;61:608\u201314.","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"883_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-012-9229-4","volume":"24","author":"N Al-Brahim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Brahim N, Albannai R. Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. Endocr Pathol. 2013;24:110\u20133.","journal-title":"Endocr Pathol"},{"key":"883_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyt033","volume":"43","author":"Y Okuyama","year":"2013","unstructured":"Okuyama Y, Fukui A, Enoki Y, et al. A large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gall bladder: diagnosis with 18FDG-PET\/CT-guided biliary cytology and treatment with combined chemotherapy achieved a long-term stable condition. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2013;43:571\u20134.","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"883_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.60.149","volume":"60","author":"T Nakagawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nakagawa T, Sakashita N, Ohnishi K, et al. Imprint cytological feature of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder: a case report. J Med Invest. 2013;60:149\u201353.","journal-title":"J Med Invest"},{"key":"883_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12188","volume":"64","author":"Y Meguro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Meguro Y, Fukushima N, Koizumi M, et al. A case of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder arising from an intracystic papillary neoplasm associated with pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Pathol Int. 2014;64:465\u201371.","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"883_CR33","first-page":"185","volume":"104","author":"S Russo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Russo S, Russo F, Maiello FM, et al. Biphasic large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma\u2013pure mucinous carcinoma of the gallbladder (MANEC): a unique combination. Pathologica. 2012;104:185\u20139.","journal-title":"Pathologica"},{"key":"883_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-015-0533-6","volume":"13","author":"W Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu W, Wang L, He XD, et al. Mixed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder: a case report and brief review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol. 2015;13:114.","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"883_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000662","volume":"40","author":"LH Tang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tang LH, Basturk O, Sue JJ, et al. A practical approach to the classification of WHO grade 3 (G3) well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (WD-NET) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (PD-NEC) of the pancreas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2016;40:1192\u2013202.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12328-018-0883-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12328-018-0883-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12328-018-0883-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,7]],"date-time":"2019-09-07T09:13:48Z","timestamp":1567847628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12328-018-0883-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["883"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12328-018-0883-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-7257","1865-7265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-7257","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-7265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 November 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 July 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"We do not have any financial relationships with a biotechnology manufacturer, a pharmaceutical company, or other commercial entity that has any interest in the subject matter connected with our case report.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human rights"}},{"value":"The patient gave his informed consent to be included in this report.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}