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The clinical characteristics and endoscopic findings of FMF with enterocolitis remain unclear. Here, we report a case of an FMF patient who had enterocolitis with stricture of the terminal ileum whose endoscopic and clinical features mimicked Crohn\u2019s disease. A 23-year-old man who was diagnosed with FMF 10 years ago presented with abdominal pain and diarrhea. Colonoscopy showed terminal ileitis and aphthous colitis; however, these findings, including the histopathology, did not confirm Crohn\u2019s disease. Therefore, we diagnosed FMF with enterocolitis and administered anti-interleukin-1\u03b2 monoclonal antibody (canakinumab). The patient\u2019s symptoms improved with treatment, but after 1 year, lower abdominal pain recurred. Colonoscopy revealed a stricture of the terminal ileum. Endoscopic balloon dilation relieved his symptoms. At present, he has been followed up without surgical treatment by endoscopic balloon dilation every 6 month. Clinicians should be aware that FMF accompanied with enterocolitis may resemble Crohn\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-021-01426-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T04:20:27Z","timestamp":1620706827000},"page":"1103-1107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Gastrointestinal involvement in a patient with familial Mediterranean fever mimicking Crohn\u2019s disease: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2434-1048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsukasa","family":"Yamakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Ichimiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoe","family":"Kazama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Hirayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Wagatsuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Nakase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1426_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61377-4","volume":"380","author":"S Arasawa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arasawa S, Nakase H, Ozaki Y, et al. Mediterranean mimicker. Lancet. 2012;380:2052.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1426_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-678","volume":"7","author":"S Matsumoto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Matsumoto S, Urayoshi S, Yoshida Y. Familial Mediterranean fever in which Crohn\u2019s disease was suspected: a case report. BMC Res Notes. 2014;7:678.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"1426_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9547","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009547","volume":"97","author":"K Asakura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Asakura K, Yanai S, Nakamura S, et al. Familial Mediterranean fever mimicking Crohn disease: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97:e9547.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"1426_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.01.020","volume":"153","author":"T Torisu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Torisu T, Kawatoko S, Esaki M. 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Digestion. 2020;101:785\u201393.","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"1426_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.54.3690","volume":"54","author":"T Kitade","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kitade T, Horiki N, Katsurahara M, et al. Usefulness of small intestinal endoscopy in a case of adult-onset familial mediterranean fever associated with Jejunoileitis. Intern Med. 2015;54:1343\u20137.","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"1426_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.51.7712","volume":"51","author":"T Takahashi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Takahashi T, Tsukuda H, Itoh H, et al. An atypical familial Mediterranean fever patient who developed ulcers in the terminal ileum and recurrent abscess-like lesions in multiple organs. 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