{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:36:16Z","timestamp":1791048976079,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chylothorax after esophagectomy is a serious complication that is associated with major morbidity due to dehydration and malnutrition. Reoperation with ligation of the thoracic duct is considered for patients with high-output chyle leaks that have failed conservative management. In this report, we present the treatment options for chylothorax after esophagectomy: inguinal intranodal lymphangiography and transvenous retrograde thoracic duct embolization. A 74-year-old man with esophageal cancer had been operated with thoracoscopic esophagectomy. Six days after surgery, he presented with high-output chyle leaks. Conservative treatment did not result in a significant improvement. Inguinal intranodal lymphangiography and transvenous retrograde thoracic duct embolization were performed 13 days after surgery and were technically and clinically successful. Inguinal intranodal lymphangiography and transvenous retrograde thoracic duct embolization are an effective treatment option, especially for patients after esophagectomy with reconstruction performed via the posterior mediastinal route, without the potential for damage the gastric tube and omentum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-021-01429-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T06:03:12Z","timestamp":1620712992000},"page":"969-974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Chylothorax after esophagectomy treated with inguinal intranodal lymphangiography and transvenous retrograde thoracic duct embolization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yuta","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0300-7924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeharu","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kawada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Okumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuhisa","family":"Matsuhashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1429_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2004.00391.x","volume":"17","author":"DV Rao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rao DV, Chava SP, Sahni P, et al. Thoracic duct injury during esophagectomy: 20 years experience at a tertiary care center in a developing country. Dis Esophagus. 2004;17:141\u20135.","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"1429_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2009.11.025","volume":"139","author":"M Itkin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Itkin M, Kucharczuk JC, Kwak A, et al. Nonoperative thoracic duct embolization for traumatic thoracic duct leak: experience in 109 patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2010;139:584\u20139.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"1429_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2018.02.109","volume":"156","author":"GJ Nadolski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nadolski GJ, Itkin M. Lymphangiography and thoracic duct embolization following unsuccessful thoracic duct ligation: imaging findings and outcomes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018;156:838\u201343.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"1429_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(99)70227-7","volume":"10","author":"C Cope","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cope C, Salem R, Kaiser LR. Management of chylothorax by percutaneous catheterization and embolization of the thoracic duct: prospective trial. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1999;10:1248\u201354.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"1429_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-017-1863-2","volume":"41","author":"M Itkin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Itkin M, Nadolski GJ. Modern techniques of lymphangiography and interventions: current status and future development. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2018;41:366\u201376.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"1429_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(98)70382-3","volume":"9","author":"C Cope","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cope C. Diagnosis and treatment of postoperative chyle leakage via percutaneous transabdominal catheterization of the cisterna chyli: a preliminary study. J Vasc Interrv Radiol. 1998;9:727\u201334.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interrv Radiol"},{"key":"1429_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s42155-020-00110-9","volume":"3","author":"G Rott","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rott G, Boecker F. High-output chyloperitoneum following laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication treated with retrograde transvenous thoracic duct embolization. CVIR Endovasc. 2020;3:20.","journal-title":"CVIR Endovasc"},{"key":"1429_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2019.09.012","volume":"31","author":"HH Schild","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schild HH, Pieper CC. Where have all the punctures gone? An analysis of thoracic duct embolizations. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2020;31:74\u20139.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"1429_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-017-1814-y","volume":"41","author":"S Kariya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kariya S, Nakatani M, Ueno Y, et al. Transvenous retrograde thoracic ductography: initial experience with 13 consecutive cases. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2018;41:406\u201314.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"1429_CR10","volume-title":"Clinical anatomy and pathology of the thoracic duct: an investigation of 122 cases","author":"SI Jacobsson","year":"1972","unstructured":"Jacobsson SI. Clinical anatomy and pathology of the thoracic duct: an investigation of 122 cases. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell; 1972."}],"container-title":["Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12328-021-01429-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12328-021-01429-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12328-021-01429-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T16:26:08Z","timestamp":1626971168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12328-021-01429-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1429"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12328-021-01429-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-7257","1865-7265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-7257","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-7265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 May 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Yuta Sato, Yoshihiro Tanaka, Takeharu Imai, Hiroshi Kawada, Naoki Okumura, Nobuhisa Matsuhashi, Takao Takahashi, Masayuki Matsuo and Kazuhiro Yoshida declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This case report was approved by the ethics committee of Gifu University School of Medicine.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All the procedures followed have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images. A copy of the patient\u2019s written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}