{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:58:29Z","timestamp":1785466709159,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin J Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-026-02358-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T07:49:22Z","timestamp":1779176962000},"page":"847-855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Rituximab-associated colitis with colonic perforation requiring subtotal colectomy in systemic sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3420-4525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuta","family":"Kuhara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinnosuke","family":"Uegami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahide","family":"Miyata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimi","family":"Okazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Shimbara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kitagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Arihiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Ohge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2358_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2025.07.014","volume":"36","author":"TA Eyre","year":"2025","unstructured":"Eyre TA, Cwynarski K, d\u2019Amore F, et al. Lymphomas: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2025;36:1263\u201384.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"2358_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roae049","volume":"34","author":"Y Nakayama","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nakayama Y, Nagata W, Takeuchi Y, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis for the 2024 update of the Japan College of Rheumatology clinical practice guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol. 2024;34:1079\u201394.","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2358_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e489","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(21)00107-7","volume":"3","author":"S Ebata","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ebata S, Yoshizaki A, Oba K, et al. Safety and efficacy of rituximab in systemic sclerosis (DESIRES): a double-blind, investigator-initiated, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Rheumatol. 2021;3:e489\u201397.","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"key":"2358_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201956","volume":"72","author":"RF van Vollenhoven","year":"2013","unstructured":"van Vollenhoven RF, Emery P, Bingham CO 3rd, et al. Long-term safety of rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis: 9.5-year follow-up of the global clinical trial programme with a focus on adverse events of interest in RA patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72:1496\u2013502.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2358_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000553","volume":"42","author":"N Mallepally","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mallepally N, Abu-Sbeih H, Ahmed O, et al. Clinical features of rituximab-associated gastrointestinal toxicities. Am J Clin Oncol. 2019;42:539\u201345.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2358_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.03.027","volume":"18","author":"JD Eckmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eckmann JD, Chedid V, Quinn KP, et al. De novo colitis associated with rituximab in 21 patients at a tertiary center. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18:252\u20133.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2358_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628482311585","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848231158549","volume":"16","author":"P Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang P, Mao R, Zhang C, Qiu Y, Chen M. Gastrointestinal injury induced by immunomodulators: a review article. Ther Adv Gastroenterol. 2023;16:17562848231158549.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2358_CR8","first-page":"58","volume":"12","author":"S Lipka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lipka S, Katz S, Crawford JM. Fulminant colitis following rituximab therapy. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2016;12:58\u201360.","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)"},{"key":"2358_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/12.5.597","volume":"12","author":"E Mizoguchi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mizoguchi E, Mizoguchi A, Preffer FI, et al. Regulatory role of mature b cells in a murine model of inflammatory bowel disease. Int Immunol. 2000;12:597\u2013605.","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"2358_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13577","volume":"1415","author":"M Uzzan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Uzzan M, Ko HM, Rosenstein AK, Pourmand K, Colombel JF, Mehandru S. Efficient long-term depletion of CD20\u2009+\u2009B cells by rituximab does not affect gut-resident plasma cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018;1415:5\u201310.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2358_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.10.022","volume":"178","author":"K Yanaba","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yanaba K, Yoshizaki A, Asano Y, Kadono T, Tedder TF, Sato S. IL-10-producing regulatory B10 cells inhibit intestinal injury in a mouse model. Am J Pathol. 2011;178:735\u201343.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2358_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.20","volume":"8","author":"L Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang L, Ray A, Jiang X, Wang JY, Basu S, Liu X, et al. T regulatory cells and B cells cooperate to form a regulatory loop that maintains gut homeostasis and suppresses dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Mucosal Immunol. 2015;8:1297\u2013312.","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"2358_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628482413094","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848241309445","volume":"17","author":"MK Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim MK, Son HN, Hong SW, Park SH, Yang DH, Ye BD, et al. CD8\u2009+\u2009cell dominance in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis and its heterogeneity across endoscopic features. Th Adv Gastroenterol. 2024;17:17562848241309445.","journal-title":"Th Adv Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2358_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e110","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.31.8899","volume":"29","author":"P Blombery","year":"2011","unstructured":"Blombery P, Prince HM, Levinson M, et al. Rituximab-induced immunodysregulatory ileocolitis in a patient with follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:e110\u20132.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2358_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjad142","volume":"18","author":"R Feakins","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feakins R, Nunes PB, Driessen A, Gordon IO, Zidar N, Baldin P, et al. Definitions of histological abnormalities in inflammatory bowel disease: an ECCO position paper. J Crohns Colitis. 2024;18:175\u201391.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"2358_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2009.12.003","volume":"4","author":"GV Assche","year":"2010","unstructured":"Assche GV, Dignass A, Panes J, Beaugerie L, Karagiannis J, Allez M, et al. The second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn\u2019s disease: definitions and diagnosis. J Crohns Colitis. 2010;4:7\u201327.","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"2358_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2025.100770","volume":"38","author":"P Jafari","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jafari P, Hakimian D, Westerhoff M, Cheng J, Cao W, Kohnehshahri MN, et al. The histologic spectrum of rituximab-associated common variable immunodeficiency-like enteropathy. Mod Pathol. 2025;38:100770.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2358_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12242","volume":"10","author":"N Herlihy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Herlihy N, Feakins R. Gut inflammation induced by drugs: can pathology help to differentiate from inflammatory bowel disease? United Eur Gastroenterol J. 2022;10:451\u201364.","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"2358_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee HH, Sritharan N, Bermingham D et al. Ocrelizumab-induced severe colitis. Case Rep Gastrointest Med. 2020; 2020: 8858378.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8858378"},{"key":"2358_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa057","volume":"26","author":"DB Sunjaya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sunjaya DB, Taborda C, Obeng R, et al. First case of refractory colitis caused by ocrelizumab. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2020;26:e49.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"2358_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e252140","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-252140","volume":"15","author":"R Malloy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Malloy R, Fernandes R, Begun J, et al. Refractory fulminant colitis following ocrelizumab therapy requiring colectomy in a patient with multiple sclerosis. BMJ Case Rep. 2022;15:e252140.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2358_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4073","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01440","volume":"39","author":"BJ Schneider","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schneider BJ, Naidoo J, Santomasso BD, Lacchetti C, Adkins S, Anadkat M, et al. Management of Immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: ASCO Guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39:4073\u2013126.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2358_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/den.14982","volume":"37","author":"Y Yokoyama","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yokoyama Y, Kurumi H, Nakase H. Rituximab-associated colitis mimicking ulcerative colitis. Dig Endosc. 2025;37:295.","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"2358_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e257729","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2023-257729","volume":"17","author":"PM Perez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Perez PM, Hanna L, Jaynes E, et al. Infliximab rescue therapy in a case of severe granulomatous colitis associated with rituximab use. BMJ Case Rep. 2024;17:e257729.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"2358_CR25","first-page":"e3","volume":"26","author":"U Shankar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shankar U, Vijayasekar K, Bansal R, et al. Treatment of rituximab-induced Crohn\u2019s disease with ustekinumab induction and long-term maintenance of remission. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2020;26:e3.","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"2358_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2023.105844","volume":"157","author":"AA Coelho","year":"2024","unstructured":"Coelho AA, Carvalho RR, Muniz AL, Crispim AA, Meneses AM, da Silva CW, et al. CD20\u2009+\u2009cells blockage by rituximab delays wound healing in oral traumatic ulcers in rats. Arch Oral Biol. 2024;157:105844.","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12328-026-02358-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12328-026-02358-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12328-026-02358-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:04:14Z","timestamp":1785463454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12328-026-02358-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2358"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12328-026-02358-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-7257","1865-7265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-7257","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-7265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The patient consented to the reporting of this case in a scientific publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}