{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T21:04:55Z","timestamp":1773867895023,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,23]],"date-time":"2011-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-011-0062-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,22]],"date-time":"2011-07-22T03:46:54Z","timestamp":1311306414000},"page":"301-318","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["An exploration of the associations of pregnancy and perinatal features with cytokines and tryptophan\/kynurenine metabolism in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Oades","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"62_CR1","first-page":"120","volume":"30","author":"LB Amor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Amor LB, Grizenko N, Schwartz G et al (2005) Perinatal complications in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their unaffected siblings. J Psychiat Neurosci 30:120\u2013126","journal-title":"J Psychiat Neurosci"},{"key":"62_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3401","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21785","volume":"86","author":"H Ashdown","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ashdown H, Joita S, Luheshi GN et al (2008) Acute brain cytokine responses after global birth hypoxia in the rat. J Neurosci Res 86:3401\u20133409","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"62_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(01)00614-1","volume":"56","author":"EC Azmitia","year":"2001","unstructured":"Azmitia EC (2001) Modern views on an ancient chemical: serotonin effects on cell proliferation, maturation, and apoptosis. Brain Res Bull 56:413\u2013424","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"62_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.58.6.775","volume":"58","author":"RA Barkley","year":"1990","unstructured":"Barkley RA, DuPaul GJ, McMurray MB (1990) Comprehensive evaluation of attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity as defined by research criteria. J Consult Clin Psychol 58:775\u2013789","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"62_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108089583","volume":"23","author":"S Barry","year":"2009","unstructured":"Barry S, Clarke G, Scully P et al (2009) Kynurenine pathway in psychosis: evidence of increased tryptophan degradation. J Psychopharmacol 23:287\u2013294","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"62_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1097\/chi.0b013e31814a62f6","volume":"46","author":"K Bergman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bergman K, Sarkar P, O\u2019Connor TG et al (2007) Maternal stress during pregnancy predicts cognitive ability and fearfulness in infancy. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 46:1454\u20131463","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat"},{"key":"62_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.10.020","volume":"57","author":"J Biederman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Biederman J (2005) Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a selective overview. Biol Psychiatry 57:1215\u20131220","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01978111","volume":"3","author":"R Blank","year":"1994","unstructured":"Blank R, Remschmidt H (1994) Hyperkinetic syndrome: the role of allergy among psychological and neurological factors. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 3:220\u2013228","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53884-0.00023-3","volume":"189","author":"J Bock","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bock J, Braun K (2011) The impact of perinatal stress on the functional maturation of prefronto-cortical synaptic circuits: implications for the pathophysiology of ADHD? Prog Brain Res 189:155\u2013169","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"62_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.03.005","volume":"24","author":"P Boksa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boksa P (2010) Effects of prenatal infection on brain development and behavior: a review of findings from animal models. Brain Behav Immun 24:881\u2013887","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"62_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-07-02801.1993","volume":"13","author":"JP Bourgeois","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bourgeois JP, Rakic P (1993) Changes of synaptic density in the primary visual cortex of the macaque monkey from fetal to adult stage. J Neurosci 13:2801\u20132820","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"62_CR12","volume-title":"The construction of an internationally comparable classification by class","author":"H Brauns","year":"1997","unstructured":"Brauns H, Haun D, Steinmann S (1997) The construction of an internationally comparable classification by class. Erwerbsstatistische Besonderheiten am Beispiel von Labour Force Surveys der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Frankreichs, Gro\u00dfbritanniens und Ungarns, Mannheim"},{"key":"62_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn896","volume":"3","author":"FX Castellanos","year":"2002","unstructured":"Castellanos FX, Tannock R (2002) Neuroscience of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: the search for endophenotypes. Nat Rev Neurosci 3:617\u2013628","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"62_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21183","volume":"85","author":"G Cerresoli-Borroni","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cerresoli-Borroni G, Guidetti P, Amori L et al (2007) Perinatal kynurenine 3-hydroxylase inhibition in rodents: pathophysiological implications. J Neurosci Res 85:845\u2013854","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"62_CR15","unstructured":"Chen W, Taylor EA (2006) Parental account of children\u2019s symptoms (PACS), ADHD phenotypes and its application to molecular genetic studies. In: Oades RD (ed) Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and the hyperkinetic syndrome: Current ideas and ways forward. Nova Science Publishing Inc., Hauppauge, vol 11788, pp 3\u201320"},{"key":"62_CR16","volume-title":"Gene-environment interaction questionnaire","author":"W Chen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen W, Asherson P, Taylor EA (2005) Gene-environment interaction questionnaire. Kings College, University of London, London"},{"key":"62_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Condray R, Dougherty GG, Keshavan MS et al. (2011) 3-Hydroxykynurenine and clinical symptoms in first-episode neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 14:756\u2013767","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145710001689"},{"key":"62_CR18","volume-title":"Manual for Conners\u2019 rating scales. Revised edn","author":"CK Conners","year":"2002","unstructured":"Conners CK (2002) Manual for Conners\u2019 rating scales. Revised edn. Multi-Health Systems Inc., N.Tonoawanda"},{"key":"62_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.06.007","volume":"441","author":"TJ Connor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Connor TJ, Starr N, O\u2019Sullivan JB et al (2008) Induction of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and kynurenine 3-monooxygenase in rat brain following a systemic inflammatory challenge: a role for IFN-\u03b3? Neurosci Lett 441:29\u201334","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"62_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1517\/14728220802665734","volume":"13","author":"G Costantino","year":"2009","unstructured":"Costantino G (2009) New promises for manipulation of kynurenine pathway in cancer and neurological diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 13:247\u2013258","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"62_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2007.00430.x","volume":"96","author":"T Das Banerjee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Das Banerjee T, Middleton F, Faraone SV (2007) Environmental risk factors for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Acta Paediatr 96:1269\u20131274","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"62_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.09.002","volume":"64","author":"BE Deverman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Deverman BE, Patterson PH (2009) Cytokines and CNS development. Neuron 64:61\u201378","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"62_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7711","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007711","volume":"4","author":"Y Djuardi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Djuardi Y, Wibowo H, Supali T et al (2009) Determinants of the relationship between cytokine production in pregnant women and their infants. PLoS ONE 4:e7711","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"62_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20316","volume":"50","author":"S Entringer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Entringer S, Kumsta R, Nelson EL et al (2008) Influence of prenatal psychosocial stress on cytokine production in adult women. Dev Psychobiol 50:579\u2013587","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"key":"62_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)00450-8","volume":"800","author":"SH Fatemi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fatemi SH, Sidwel R, Kist D et al (1998) Differential expression of synaptosome-associated protein 25\u00a0kDa [SNAP-25] in hippocampi of neonatal mice following exposure to human influenza virus in utero. Brain Res 800:1\u20139","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"62_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2009.05.001","volume":"33","author":"V Gabbay","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gabbay V, Coffey BJ, Guttman LE et al (2009) A cytokine study in children and adolescents with Tourette\u2019s disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 33:967\u2013971","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp202","volume":"132","author":"CN Gallagher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gallagher CN, Carpenter KLH, Grice P et al (2009) The human brain utilizes lactate via the tricarboxylic acid cycle: a 13C-labelled microdialysis and high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance study. Brain 132:2839\u20132849","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"62_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2001145","volume":"4","author":"KM Godfrey","year":"2001","unstructured":"Godfrey KM, Barker DJ (2001) Fetal programming and adult health. Public Health Nutr 4:611\u2013624","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"62_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graciarena M, Depino AM, Pitossi FJ (2010) Prenatal inflammation impairs adult neurogenesis and memory related behavior through persistent hippocampal TGF\u03b21 downregulation. Brain Behav Immun 24:1301\u20131309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.06.005"},{"key":"62_CR30","first-page":"10","volume":"33","author":"N Grizenko","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grizenko N, Shayan YR, Polotskaia A et al (2008) Relation of maternal stress during pregnancy to symptom severity and response to treatment in children with ADHD. J Psychiat Neurosci 33:10\u201316","journal-title":"J Psychiat Neurosci"},{"key":"62_CR31","first-page":"269","volume":"53","author":"P Gustafsson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gustafsson P, K\u00e4llen K (2010) Perinatal, maternal, and fetal characteristics of children diagnosed with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder: results from a population-based study utilizing the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Dev Med Child Neurol 53:269\u2013274","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"62_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harding D, Brull D, Humphries SE et al (2005) Variation in the interleukin-6 gene is associated with impaired cognitive development in children born prematurely: a preliminary study. Pediatr Res 58:117\u2013120","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000163523.49021.53"},{"key":"62_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-006-0482-x","volume":"113","author":"T Himeda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Himeda T, Watanabe Y, Tounai H et al (2006) Time dependent alterations of co-localization of S100\u00df and GFAP in the MPTP-treated mice. J Neural Transm 113:1887\u20131894","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"62_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3674","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21799","volume":"86","author":"M Holtze","year":"2008","unstructured":"Holtze M, Asp L, Schwieler L et al (2008) Induction of the kynurenine pathway by neurotropic influenza a virus infection. J Neurosci Res 86:3674\u20133683","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"62_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsiao EY, Patterson PH (2011) Activation of the maternal immune system induces endocrine changes in the placenta via IL-6. Brain Behav Immun 25:604\u2013615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.12.017"},{"key":"62_CR36","first-page":"488","volume":"88","author":"PR Huttenlocher","year":"1984","unstructured":"Huttenlocher PR (1984) Synapse elimination and plasticity in developing human cerebral cortex. Am J Ment Defic Res 88:488\u2013496","journal-title":"Am J Ment Defic Res"},{"key":"62_CR37","unstructured":"Kaufman AS, Kaufman NL (2001) Kaufman-assessment battery for children. 5th edn. transl. Melchers P, Preu\u00df U. Swets & Zeitlinger, Frankfurt am Main"},{"key":"62_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410378360","volume":"19","author":"S King","year":"2010","unstructured":"King S, St-Hilaire A, Heidkamp D (2010) Prenatal factors in schizophrenia. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 19:209","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"62_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-002-0770-z","volume":"110","author":"C Kiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kiss C, Ceresoli-Borroni G, Guidetti P et al (2003) Kynurenate production by cultured human astrocytes. J Neural Transm 110:1\u201314","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"62_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.04.003","volume":"60","author":"C Klein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Klein C, Wendling K, Huettner P et al (2006) Intra-subject variability in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Biol Psychiatry 60:1088\u20131097","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291704004155","volume":"35","author":"VS Knopik","year":"2005","unstructured":"Knopik VS, Sparrow EP, Madden PAF (2005) Contributions of parental alcoholism, prenatal substance exposure, and genetic transmission to child ADHD risk: a female twin study. Psychol Med 35:625\u2013635","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"62_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2009.03.011","volume":"93","author":"VS Knopik","year":"2009","unstructured":"Knopik VS, Heath AC, Buchholz KK et al (2009) Genetic and environmental influences on externalizing behavior and alcohol problems in adolescence: a female twin study. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 93:313\u2013321","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"62_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-5-40","volume":"5","author":"J Kuntsi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kuntsi J, Andreou P, Ma J et al (2005) Testing assumptions for endophenotype studies in ADHD: reliability and validity of tasks in a general population sample. BMC Psychiatry 5:40","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30867","volume":"147B","author":"J Lasky-Su","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lasky-Su J, Neale BM, Franke B et al (2008) Genome-wide association scan of quantitative traits for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder identifies novel associations and confirms candidate gene associations. Am J Med Genet Part B 147B:1345\u20131354","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet Part B"},{"key":"62_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e318165c005","volume":"63","author":"GA Lodygensky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lodygensky GA, Seghier ML, Warfield SK et al (2008) Intrauterine growth restriction affects the preterm infant\u2019s hippocampus. Pediatr Res 63:438\u2013443","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"62_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3038.2003.00045.x","volume":"14","author":"XM Mai","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mai XM, G\u00e4ddin PO, Nilsson L et al (2003) Asthma, lung function and allergy in 12-year-old children with very low birth weight: a prospective study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 14:184\u2013192","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"62_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2011.02.008","volume":"96","author":"S McClelland","year":"2011","unstructured":"McClelland S, Korosi A, Cope J et al (2011) Emerging roles of epigenetic mechanisms in the enduring effects of early-life stress and experience on learning and memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 96:79\u201388","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"key":"62_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2011.01038.x","volume":"14","author":"E Mezzacappa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mezzacappa E, Buckner JC, Earls F (2011) Prenatal cigarette exposure and infant learning stimulation as predictors of cognitive control in childhood. Dev Sci 14:881\u2013891","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"62_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200202000-00004","volume":"23","author":"E Mick","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mick E, Biederman J, Prince J et al (2002) Impact of low birth weight on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Dev Behav Pediatr 23:16\u201322","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"62_CR50","unstructured":"M\u00fcller UC, Asherson P, Banaschewski T et al (2011) Behavioural patterns of ADHD in a large multicentre study. Part 1: Demographics, diagnoses, and symptoms in probands and selected siblings of the IMAGE project. BMC Psychiatry (in submission)"},{"key":"62_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.07.013","volume":"98","author":"AM Myint","year":"2007","unstructured":"Myint AM, Kim YK, Verkerk R et al (2007) Kynurenine pathway in major depression: evidence of impaired neuroprotection. J Affect Disord 98:143\u2013151","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"62_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq095","volume":"21","author":"Z Nagy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nagy Z, Lagercrantz H, Hutton C (2011) Effects of preterm birth on cortical thickness measured in adolescence. Cereb Cortex 21:300\u2013306","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"62_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niwa M, Matsumoto Y, Mouri A et al. (2011) Vulnerability in early life to changes in the rearing environment plays a crucial role in the aetiopathology of psychiatric disorders. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. doi: 10.1017\/S1461145710001239","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145710001239"},{"key":"62_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2003.00290.x","volume":"58","author":"PS Noakes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Noakes PS, Holt PG, Prescott SL (2003) Maternal smoking in pregnancy alters neonatal cytokine responses. Allergy 58:1053\u20131058","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"62_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3109\/15622970209150607","volume":"3","author":"RD Oades","year":"2002","unstructured":"Oades RD, Slusarek M, Velling S et al (2002) Serotonin platelet-transporter measures in childhood attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): clinical versus experimental measures of impulsivity. World J Biol Psychiatry 3:96\u2013100","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR56","first-page":"44","volume":"1","author":"RD Oades","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oades RD, Dauvermann MR, Schwarz MJ et al (2009) Does glial function underlie ADHD variability? Evidence from measures of S100B, interleukins, tryptophan metabolism and the kynurenine metabolic pathway. Neurol Psychiat Brain Res Suppl 1:44","journal-title":"Neurol Psychiat Brain Res Suppl"},{"key":"62_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-6-29","volume":"6","author":"RD Oades","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oades RD, Dauvermann MR, Schimmelmann BG et al (2010a) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and glial integrity: S100B, cytokines and kynurenine metabolism\u2014effects of medication. Behav Brain Funct 6:29","journal-title":"Behav Brain Funct"},{"key":"62_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oades RD, Myint AM, Dauvermann MR et al (2010b) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and glial integrity: an exploration of associations of cytokines and kynurenine metabolites with symptoms and attention. Behav Brain Funct 6:32","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-6-32"},{"key":"62_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1996.tb15048.x","volume":"38","author":"MJ O\u2019Callaghan","year":"1996","unstructured":"O\u2019Callaghan MJ, Burns YR, Gray PH et al (1996) School performance of ELBW children: a controlled study. Dev Med Child Neurol 38:917\u2013926","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"62_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1159\/000216539","volume":"31","author":"K O\u2019Donnell","year":"2009","unstructured":"O\u2019Donnell K, O\u2019Connor TG, Glover V (2009) Prenatal stress and neurodevelopment of the child: focus on the HPA axis and role of the placenta. Dev Neurosci 31:285\u2013292","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"62_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.090180","volume":"39","author":"SK Olsson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Olsson SK, Samuelsson M, Saetre P et al (2010) Elevated levels of kynurenic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bipolar disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 39:195\u2013199","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"62_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.164.6.942","volume":"164","author":"GV Polanczyk","year":"2007","unstructured":"Polanczyk GV, Silva de Lima M, Horta BL et al (2007) The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis. Am J Psychiatry 164:942\u2013948","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04199.x","volume":"99","author":"CAJ Ribeiro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ribeiro CAJ, Grando V, Filho CSD et al (2006) Evidence that quinolinic acid severely impairs energy metabolism through activation of NMDA receptors in striatum from developing rats. J Neurochem 99:1531\u20131542","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"62_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709005911","volume":"40","author":"F Rice","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rice F, Harold GT, Boivin J et al (2010) The links between prenatal stress and offspring development and psychopathology: disentangling environmental and inherited influences. Psychol Med 40:335\u2013345","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"62_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2009.093534","volume":"64","author":"M Romanos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Romanos M, Gerlach M, Warnke A et al (2010) Association of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and atopic eczema modified by sleep disturbance in a large population-based sample. J Epidemiol Commun Health 64:269\u2013273","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Commun Health"},{"key":"62_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301292","volume":"32","author":"E Romero","year":"2007","unstructured":"Romero E, Ali C, Molina-Holgado E et al (2007) Neurobehavioral and immunological consequences of prenatal immune activation in rats. Influence of antipsychotics. Neuropsychopharmacol 32:1791\u20131804","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"62_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2010.00223","volume":"1","author":"A Ronald","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ronald A, Pennell CE, Whitehouse AJ (2011) Prenatal maternal stress associated with ADHD and autistic traits in early childhood. Front Psychol 1:223. doi: 10.3389\/fpsyg.2010.00223","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"62_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-2-30","volume":"2","author":"VA Russell","year":"2006","unstructured":"Russell VA, Oades RD, Tannock R et al (2006) Response variability in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a neuronal and glial energetics hypothesis. Behav Brain Funct 2:30","journal-title":"Behav Brain Funct"},{"key":"62_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X05000075","volume":"28","author":"T Sagvolden","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sagvolden T, Johansen EB, Aase H et al (2005) A dynamic developmental theory of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predominantly hyperactive\/impulsive and combined subtypes. Behav Brain Sci 28:397\u2013468","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"62_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2009.02.001","volume":"23","author":"W Schlotz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schlotz W, Phillips DW (2009) Fetal origins of mental health: evidence and mechanisms. Brain Behav Imm 23:905\u2013916","journal-title":"Brain Behav Imm"},{"key":"62_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19649","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707741104","volume":"104","author":"P Shaw","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shaw P, Eckstrand K, Sharp W et al (2007) Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 104:19649\u201319654","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA)"},{"key":"62_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-8-2","volume":"8","author":"J Steiner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Steiner J, Bernstein H-G, Bielau H et al (2007) Evidence for a wide extra-astrocytic distribution of S100B in human brain. BMC Neurosci 8:2","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"62_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/15622970902898980","volume":"10","author":"G St\u00f6ber","year":"2009","unstructured":"St\u00f6ber G, Ben-Shachar D, Cardon M et al (2009) Schizophrenia: from the brain to peripheral markers. A consensus paper of the WFSBP task force on biological markers. World J Biol Psychiatry 10:127\u2013155","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR74","first-page":"5","volume":"6","author":"K Suzuki","year":"2011","unstructured":"Suzuki K, Matsuzaki H, Iwata K et al (2011) Plasma cytokine profiles in subjects with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders. PLoS ONE 6:5","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"62_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01714.x","volume":"48","author":"NM Talge","year":"2007","unstructured":"Talge NM, Neal C, Glover V et al (2007) Antenatal maternal stress and long-term effects on child neurodevelopment: how and why? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48:245\u2013261","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0880485","volume":"88","author":"PS Tappia","year":"1995","unstructured":"Tappia PS, Troughton KL, Langley-Evans SC et al (1995) Cigarette smoking influences cytokine production and antioxidant defences. Clin Sci (Lond) 88:485\u2013489","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"62_CR77","volume-title":"The epidemiology of childhood hyperactivity","author":"EA Taylor","year":"1991","unstructured":"Taylor EA, Sandberg S, Thorley G et al (1991) The epidemiology of childhood hyperactivity. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"key":"62_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.05.032","volume":"66","author":"A Thapar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thapar A, Rice F, Hay D et al (2009) Prenatal smoking might not cause attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: evidence from a novel design. Biol Psychiatry 66:722\u2013727","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1159\/000069008","volume":"130","author":"M Tsunoda","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tsunoda M, Litonjua AA, Kuniak MP et al (2003) Serum cytokine levels, cigarette smoking and airway responsiveness among pregnant women. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 130:158\u2013164","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"62_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2009.02139.x","volume":"51","author":"H Uebel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Uebel H, Albrecht B, Asherson P et al (2010) Performance variability, impulsivity errors and the impact of incentives as gender-independent endophenotypes for ADHD. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 51:210\u2013218","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(95)00026-S","volume":"51","author":"JL Kamp van de","year":"1995","unstructured":"van de Kamp JL, Smolen A (1995) Response of kynurenine pathway enzymes to pregnancy and dietary level of vitamin B-6. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 51:753\u2013758","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"62_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00727.x","volume":"75","author":"BRH Bergh Van den","year":"2004","unstructured":"Van den Bergh BRH, Marcoen A (2004) High antenatal maternal anxiety is related to ADHD symptoms, externalizing problems, and anxiety in 8- and 9-year-olds. Child Dev 75:1085\u20131097","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"62_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07207.x","volume":"117","author":"A Villarreal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Villarreal A, Aviles Reyes RX, Angelo MF et al (2011) S100B alters neuronal survival and dendrite extension via RAGE-mediated NF-\u03baB signalling. J Neurochem 117:321\u2013332","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"62_CR500","unstructured":"Weiss RH (1996) CFT-20-R: Grundintelligenztest, revised edn. Hogrefe Verlag GmbH & Co KG, G\u00f6ttingen"},{"key":"62_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830210091012","volume":"54","author":"AH Whitaker","year":"1997","unstructured":"Whitaker AH, Van Rossem R, Feldman JF et al (1997) Psychiatric outcomes in low-birth-weight children at age 6\u00a0years: relation to neonatal cranial ultrasound abnormalities. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54:847\u2013856","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"62_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2008.06.001","volume":"18","author":"C Winter","year":"2008","unstructured":"Winter C, Reutiman TJ, Folsom TD et al (2008) Dopamine and serotonin levels following prenatal viral infection in mouse-Implications for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 18:712\u2013716","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"62_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-008-1295-4","volume":"201","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang XY, Cao LY, Song C et al (2008) Lower serum cytokine levels in smokers than nonsmokers with chronic schizophrenia on long-term treatment with antipsychotics. Psychopharmacol 201:383\u2013389","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"62_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06594.x","volume":"29","author":"A Zmarowski","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zmarowski A, Wu H-Q, Brooks JM et al (2009) Astrocyte-derived kynurenic acid modulates basal and evoked cortical acetylcholine release. Eur J Neurosci 29:529\u2013538","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"}],"container-title":["ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12402-011-0062-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12402-011-0062-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12402-011-0062-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,21]],"date-time":"2020-06-21T13:56:14Z","timestamp":1592747774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12402-011-0062-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,23]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["62"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12402-011-0062-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-6116","1866-6647"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-6116","type":"print"},{"value":"1866-6647","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,23]]}}}