{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:55:45Z","timestamp":1787068545255,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neth Heart J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When electrical storm (ES) is amenable to neither antiarrhythmic drugs, nor deep sedation or catheter ablation, autonomic modulation may be considered. We report our experience with percutaneous left stellate ganglion block (PSGB) to temporarily suppress refractory ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in patients with structural heart disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A\u00a0retrospective analysis was performed at our institution of patients with structural heart disease and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) who had undergone PSGB for refractory VA between January 2018 and October 2021. The number of times antitachycardia pacing (ATP) was delivered and the number of ICD shocks\/external cardioversions performed in the week before and after PSGB were evaluated. Charts were checked for potential complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twelve patients were identified who underwent a\u00a0combined total of 15\u00a0PSGB and 5\u00a0surgical left cardiac sympathetic denervation procedures. Mean age was 73\u202f\u00b1\u20095.8\u00a0years and all patients were male. Nine of 12 (75%) had ischaemic cardiomyopathy, with the remainder having non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 35% (\u00b1\u202f12.2%). Eight of 12 (66.7%) patients were already being treated with both amiodarone and beta-blockers. The reduction in ATP did not reach statistical significance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.066); however, ICD shocks (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.028) and ATP\/shocks combined were significantly reduced (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.04). At our follow-up electrophysiology meetings PSGB was deemed ineffective in 4\u00a0of 12\u00a0patients (33%). Temporary anisocoria was seen in 2 of\u00a012 (17%) patients, and temporary hypotension and hoarseness were reported in a\u00a0single patient.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this limited series, PSGB showed promise as a\u00a0method for temporarily stabilising refractory VA and ES in a\u00a0cohort of male patients with structural heart disease. The side effects observed were mild and temporary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-024-01880-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T02:01:40Z","timestamp":1718157700000},"page":"283-289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Percutaneous left stellate ganglion block for refractory ventricular tachycardia in structural heart disease: our single-centre experience"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Vincent R.","family":"van der Pas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jurren M.","family":"van Opstal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcoen F.","family":"Scholten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelson P.","family":"Monteiro de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron G. 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V.R.\u00a0van der Pas, J.M.\u00a0van Opstal, M.F.\u00a0Scholten, R.G.H.\u00a0Speekenbrink and P.F.H.M.\u00a0van Dessel declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}