{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T11:12:31Z","timestamp":1785928351280,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-014-0506-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]],"date-time":"2014-12-16T08:52:51Z","timestamp":1418719971000},"page":"293-298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Wernicke encephalopathy in children and adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Matt","family":"Lallas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"506_CR1","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Lehrbuch der Gehirnkrankheiten f\u00fcr Aerzte und Studirende, Bd II","author":"C Wernicke","year":"1881","unstructured":"Wernicke C. Die akute haemorrhagische polioencephalitis superior. In: Lehrbuch der Gehirnkrankheiten f\u00fcr Aerzte und Studirende, Bd II. Kassel: Fisher Verlag, 1881: 229\u2013242."},{"key":"506_CR2","volume-title":"The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and related disorders due to alcoholism and malnutrition","author":"M Victor","year":"1989","unstructured":"Victor M, Adams RA, Collins GH. The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and related disorders due to alcoholism and malnutrition. Philadelphia: FA Davis, 1989."},{"key":"506_CR3","first-page":"134","volume":"27","author":"PR Martin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Martin PR, Singleton CK, Hiller-Sturmh\u00f6fel S. The role of thiamine deficiency in alcoholic brain disease. Alcohol Res Health 2003;27:134\u2013142.","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"key":"506_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197712222972503","volume":"297","author":"JP Blass","year":"1977","unstructured":"Blass JP, Gibson GE. Abnormality of a thiamin-requiring enzyme in patients with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. N Engl J Med 1977;297:1367\u20131370.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"506_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112916","volume":"79","author":"AB Mukherjee","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mukherjee AB, Svoronos S, Ghazanfari A, Martin PR, Fisher A, Roecklein B, et al. Transketolase abnormality in cultured fibroblasts from familial chronic alcoholic men and their male offspring. J Clin Invest 1987;79:1039\u20131043.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"506_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1985.tb00016.x","volume":"11","author":"A Torvik","year":"1985","unstructured":"Torvik A. Two types of brain lesions in Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1985;11:179\u2013190.","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"506_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-8994(89)90082-9","volume":"5","author":"H Pihko","year":"1989","unstructured":"Pihko H, Saarinen U, Paetau A. Wernicke encephalopathy\u2014a preventable cause of death: report of 2 children with malignant disease. Pediatr Neurol 1989;5:237\u2013242.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"506_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(98)00153-2","volume":"20","author":"MM Vasconcelos","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vasconcelos MM, Silva KP, Vidal G, Silva AF, Domingues RC, Berditchevsky CR. Early diagnosis of pediatric Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy. Pediatr Neurol 1999;20:289\u2013294.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"506_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-009-0604-x","volume":"52","author":"G Zuccoli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zuccoli G, Siddiqui N, Bailey A, Bartoletti SC. Neuroimaging findings in pediatric Wernicke encephalopathy: a review. Neuroradiology 2010;52:523\u2013529.","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"506_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1949.02030050097010","volume":"78","author":"RM Guerrero","year":"1949","unstructured":"Guerrero RM. Wernicke syndrome due to vitamin B deficiency; report of the disease in two infants. Am J Dis Child 1949;78:88\u201396.","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"506_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.21.3.409","volume":"21","author":"RA Davis","year":"1958","unstructured":"Davis RA, Wolf A. Infantile beriberi associated with Wernicke encephalopathy. Pediatrics 1958;21:409\u2013420.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"506_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240115","volume":"24","author":"MD Seear","year":"1988","unstructured":"Seear MD, Norman MG. Two cases of Wernicke encephalopathy in children: an underdiagnosed complication of poor nutrition. Ann Neurol 1988;24:85\u201387.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"506_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.28.5.771","volume":"28","author":"WA Cochrane","year":"1961","unstructured":"Cochrane WA, Collins-Willims C, Donohue WL. Superior hemorrhagic polioencephalitis (Wernicke disease) occurring in an infant-probably due to thiamine deficiency from use of a soya bean product. Pediatrics 1961;28:771\u2013777.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"506_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2006.11.140","volume":"40","author":"TE Peters","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peters TE, Parvin M, Petersen C, Faircloth VC, Levine RL. A case report of Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy in a pediatric patient with anorexia nervosa-restricting type. J Adolesc Health 2007;40:376\u2013383.","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"506_CR15","first-page":"43","volume":"41","author":"S Watanabe","year":"2009","unstructured":"Watanabe S, Yamakura S, Hirano K, Okumura Y, Aiba H. Case of infantile autism with pediatric Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy due to severe eating disorder. No To Hattatsu 2009;41:43\u201346. [In Japanese]","journal-title":"No To Hattatsu"},{"key":"506_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)77742-4","volume":"351","author":"AL Gropman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gropman AL, Gaillard WD, Campbell P, Charya SV. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy due to self starvation in a child. Lancet 1998;351:1704\u20131705.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"506_CR17","first-page":"381","volume-title":"Modern nutrition in health and disease","author":"V Tanphaichitr","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tanphaichitr V. Thiamine. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern nutrition in health and disease, 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999: 381\u2013389.","edition":"9th ed."},{"key":"506_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb08910.x","volume":"86","author":"JK Friel","year":"1997","unstructured":"Friel JK, Andrews WL, Simmons BS, L\u2019Abbe MR, Mercer C, MacDonald A, et al. Evaluation of full-term infants fed an evaporated milk formula. Acta Paediatr 1997;86:448\u2013453.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"506_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2010.12.005","volume":"27","author":"K Zeljko","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zeljko K, Darija VB, Dina LK, Marko B. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy during parenteral nutrition in a Crohn\u2019s disease patient. Nutrition 2011;27:503\u2013504.","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"506_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e656","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2010.02033.x","volume":"89","author":"S Basit","year":"2011","unstructured":"Basit S, Els\u00e5s T, Kvistad KA, H\u00f8s\u00f8ien LS. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy because of pancreatitis in a young boy. Acta Ophthalmol 2011;89:e656\u2013e657.","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"506_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1070195","volume":"107","author":"B Bohnert","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bohnert B. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy in gastropancreatic disease with pyloric stenosis. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1982;107:1722\u20131725. [In German]","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"506_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.51.4.750","volume":"51","author":"N Shah","year":"1973","unstructured":"Shah N, Wolff JA. Thiamine deficiency: Probable Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy successfully treated in a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Pediatrics 1973;51:750\u2013751.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"506_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.1998.tb01926.x","volume":"40","author":"N Onodera","year":"1998","unstructured":"Onodera N, Nakahata T, Tanaka H, Ito R, Honda T. Successful treatment of Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy in a boy with acute mixed lineage leukemia. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1998;40:271\u2013274.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Jpn"},{"key":"506_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2011.01.007","volume":"44","author":"YJ Lim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lim YJ, Kim HJ, Lee YJ, Seol IJ, Lee YH. Clinical features of encephalopathy in children with cancer requiring cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Neurol 2011;44:433\u2013438.","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"506_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-5428(06)80259-7","volume":"4","author":"M Mintz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mintz M. Clinical comparison of adult and pediatric NeuroAIDS. Adv Neuroimmunol 1994;4:207\u2013221.","journal-title":"Adv Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"506_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-008-0833-8","volume":"168","author":"M Nishida","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nishida M, Sato H, Kobayashi N, Morimoto M, Hamaoka K. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy in a patient with nephrotic syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 2009;168:731\u2013734.","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"506_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2402-7","volume":"28","author":"R Baracco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baracco R, Ku L, Adabala M, Jain A, Valentini RP, Mattoo TK, et al. An adolescent on peritoneal dialysis with acute encephalopathy. Pediatr Nephrol 2013;28:1221\u20131225.","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"506_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2012.53.5.1049","volume":"53","author":"JW Han","year":"2012","unstructured":"Han JW, Lim S, Shin HS, Park HJ, Jung WJ, Kwon SY, et al. Two cases of Wernicke encephalopathy in young age patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Yonsei Med J 2012;53:1049\u20131053.","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"506_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1248244","volume":"40","author":"S Muwakkit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Muwakkit S, Al-Aridi C, Saab R, Hourani R, Yazbeck N, Abboud M. Wernicke encephalopathy during total parenteral nutrition in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute pancreatitis. Neuropediatrics 2009;40:249\u2013251.","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"506_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.1.e10","volume":"101","author":"JS Hahn","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hahn JS, Berquist W, Alcorn DM, Chamberlain L, Bass D. Wernicke encephalopathy and beriberi during total parenteral nutrition attributable to multivitamin infusion shortage. Pediatrics 1998;101:E10.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"506_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e318","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.42.7237","volume":"30","author":"R Perko","year":"2012","unstructured":"Perko R, Harreld JH, Helton KJ, Sabin ND, Haidar CE, Wright KD. What goes around comes around? Wernicke encephalopathy and the nationwide shortage of intravenous multivitamins revisited. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:e318\u2013e320.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"506_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)00182-8","volume":"353","author":"J McLean","year":"1999","unstructured":"McLean J, Manchip S. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy induced by magnesium depletion. Lancet 1999;353:1768.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"506_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1670","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2988","volume":"131","author":"B P\u00e9rez-Due\u00f1as","year":"2013","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Due\u00f1as B, Serrano M, Rebollo M, Muchart J, Gargallo E, Dupuits C, et al. Reversible lactic acidosis in a newborn with thiamine transporter-2 deficiency. Pediatrics 2013;131: e1670\u2013e1675.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"506_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0809100","volume":"360","author":"S Kono","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kono S, Miyajima H, Yoshida K, Togawa A, Shirakawa K, Suzuki H. Mutations in a thiamine-transporter gene and Wernicke\u2019s-like encephalopathy. N Engl J Med 2009;360:1792\u20131794.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"506_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70104-7","volume":"6","author":"G Sechi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sechi G, Serra A. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy: new clinical settings and recent advances in diagnosis and management. Lancet Neurol 2007;6:442\u2013455.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"506_CR36","volume-title":"J Child Neurol","author":"MG Cefalo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cefalo MG, Ioris MA, Cacchione A, Longo D, Staccioli S, Arcioni F, et al. Wernicke encephalopathy in pediatric neurooncology: presentation of 2 cases and review of literature. J Child Neurol 2013 Nov 28. [Epub ahead of print]"},{"key":"506_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.139.2.153","volume":"139","author":"D Leigh","year":"1981","unstructured":"Leigh D, McBurney A, McIlwain H. Erythrocyte transketolase activity in the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Br J Psychiatry 1981;139:153\u2013156.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"506_CR38","first-page":"445","volume":"33","author":"R Doolman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Doolman R, Dinbar A, Sela BA. Improved measurement of transketolase activity in the assessment of \u201cTPP effect\u201d. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1995;33:445\u2013446.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem"},{"key":"506_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(80)90001-7","volume":"108","author":"M Kuriyama","year":"1980","unstructured":"Kuriyama M, Yokomine R, Arima H, Hamada R, Igata A. Blood vitamin B1, transketolase and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect in beriberi patients, with studies employing discriminant analysis. Clin Chim Acta 1980;108:159\u2013168.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"506_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389801300409","volume":"13","author":"X Ming","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ming X, Wang MM, Zee D, Katz RM, Freeman JM. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy in a child with prolonged vomiting. J Child Neurol 1998;13:187\u2013189.","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"506_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e233","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1255","volume":"115","author":"A Fattal-Valevski","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fattal-Valevski A, Kesler A, Sela BA, Nitzan-Kaluski D, Rotstein M, Mesterman R, et al. Outbreak of life-threatening thiamine deficiency in infants in Israel caused by a defective soybased formula. Pediatrics 2005;115:e233\u2013e238.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"506_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1280","volume":"30","author":"G Zuccoli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zuccoli G, Santa Cruz D, Bertolini M, Rovira A, Gallucci M, Carollo C, et al. MR imaging findings in 56 patients with Wernicke encephalopathy: nonalcoholics may differ from alcoholics. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009;30:171\u2013176.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"506_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E92","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3152","volume":"33","author":"G Zuccoli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zuccoli G, Pipitone N. MR Imaging: an increasingly important tool in the early diagnosis of Wernicke encephalopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012;33:E92.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"506_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470000396","volume":"31","author":"M Coe","year":"2001","unstructured":"Coe M, Carfagnini F, Tani G, Ambrosetto P. Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy in a child: case report and MRI findings. Pediatr Radiol 2001;31:167\u2013168.","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"506_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470050652","volume":"29","author":"G Sparacia","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sparacia G, Banco A, Lagalla R. Reversible MRI abnormalities in an unusual paediatric presentation of Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy. Pediatr Radiol 1999;29:581\u2013584.","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"506_CR46","first-page":"2301","volume":"26","author":"C Zhong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhong C, Jin L, Fei G. MR Imaging of nonalcoholic Wernicke encephalopathy: a follow-up study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005;26:2301\u20132305.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"506_CR47","first-page":"1668","volume":"26","author":"L Kornreich","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kornreich L, Bron-Harlev E, Hoffmann C, Schwarz M, Konen O, Schoenfeld T, et al. Thiamine deficiency in infants: MR findings in the brain. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005;26:1668\u20131674.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"506_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182840cd9","volume":"80","author":"LH Rodan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rodan LH, Mishra N, Tein I. MR spectroscopy in pediatric Wernicke encephalopathy. Neurology 2013;80:969.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"506_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81140-0","volume":"121","author":"M Seear","year":"1992","unstructured":"Seear M, Lockitch G, Jacobson B, Quigley G, MacNab A. Thiamine, riboflavin and pyridoxine deficiencies in a population of critically ill children. J Pediatr 1992;121:533\u2013538.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12519-014-0506-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12519-014-0506-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12519-014-0506-9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,24]],"date-time":"2022-04-24T12:40:20Z","timestamp":1650804020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12519-014-0506-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["506"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12519-014-0506-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1708-8569","1867-0687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1708-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1867-0687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}}}