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The study aims to investigate the association between miR-21 and the JAK\/STAT signal pathway in JIA.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in active JIA patients. The relative expressions of miR-21, STAT3 and suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 in PBMCs were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and their expressions were measured by western blotting and dual-luciferase reported assay. Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cell (RASF) was stimulated to become to osteoclasts using macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and factors that can impact on their differentiation ability were identified through the transfection of LV3-miR-21. The expression of STAT3\/p-STAT3 was measured by western blot, and the levels of interleukin (IL)-17A, p65, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3, MMP-4 and receptor activator of nuclear factor-\u03baB after the LV3-miR-21 transfection were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, the miR-21 targeted <jats:italic>STAT3<\/jats:italic> gene was detected by the dual-luciferase reported assay.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The expression of miR-21 was significantly lower in JIA patients than in healthy control (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The level of STAT3 was increased in PBMCs of JIA group compared with control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Furthermore, the expression levels of miR-21 in sJIA and polyarticular JIA groups were negatively correlated with STAT3 (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.5854\/<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.6134, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The expression of STAT3 changed little in PBMCS after the stimulation of IL-6 and not in RASFs with transfection of LV3-miR-21. The expression of p-STAT3 decreased after the stimulation of IL-6 in RASFs transfected by LV3-miR-21 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). RASFs were induced into osteoclasts using M-CSF. The number of osteoclasts as determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining was significantly lower in group miR-21 mimics as compared with the negative control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We showed that expression of miR-21 was significantly lower in JIA patients compared with healthy control. MiR-21 might affect the JAK\/STAT signal pathway by suppressing the expression of STAT3 and phosphorylation of STAT3. MiR-21 could inhibit the production of osteoclasts induced from RASFs by M-CSF.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-019-00268-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T07:07:16Z","timestamp":1571814436000},"page":"502-513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Regulation of JAK\/STAT signal pathway by miR-21 in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hong-Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua-Song","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"268_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.04.007","volume":"14","author":"E Rochette","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rochette E, Duch\u00e9 P, Merlin E. 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