{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:48:51Z","timestamp":1793119731155,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LGF18H010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LGF18H010001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pertussis resurgence has been reported worldwide in the past two decades. Pertussis is still endemic and difficult to control though with universal vaccination in children. The resurgence may be related to multiple variables, such as increased disease awareness and laboratory tests, waning of immunity following vaccination, and\/or genetic mutations of <jats:italic>Bordetella pertussis<\/jats:italic>. For better pertussis prevention, diagnosis, and management, we called up an expert panel to develop this expert consensus to provide new concepts in diagnosis and treatment for clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The expert groups collected clinical evidence, summarized their clinical experiences, evaluated preliminary recommendations or guidelines, and then organized open-ended discussions to form the recommendations. This consensus was developed by reviewing the literature and studies in databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, the China Biomedical Database, and the Chinese Journal Full-text Database up to May 2024. The search terms included \u201cpertussis\u201d or \u201cwhooping cough\u201d, \u201cchildren\u201d, \u201cdiagnosis\u201d, and \u201ctreatment\u201d.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The burden of pertussis has also changed from infants to \u00a0school\u00a0children and adults, and these age groups have consequently become the main source of infection for vulnerable population including infants and newborns. In China, a high prevalence of erythromycin-resistant <jats:italic>Bordetella pertussis<\/jats:italic> (ERBP) has been reported in the past decade. ERBP may lead to failed clinical empirical treatment with macrolides, which poses a great challenge for pertussis management and control. For better management of pertussis, a flow diagram for diagnosis and treatment of pertussis was presented in this consensus. This consensus also described the diagnostic criteria for pertussis, high-risk cases, and severe pertussis. Macrolides can still be used to treat confirmed erythromycin-sensitive <jats:italic>B. pertussis<\/jats:italic> (ESBP) infections, whereas oral trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole therapy is the initial treatment option for children older than two\u00a0months. For infants younger than two\u00a0months, severe patients, or those exhibiting a high degree of sulfonamide allergy, intravenous administration of piperacillin or cefoperazone\u2013sulbactam is advised.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This expert consensus provides a comprehensive guidance and a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of pertussis in children.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphic abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-024-00848-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T02:45:34Z","timestamp":1731552334000},"page":"1209-1222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Expert consensus for pertussis in children: new concepts in diagnosis and treatment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yu-Mei","family":"Mi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Kui","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan-Qing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Hu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Qing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei-Bei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Mei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Yong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guan-Nan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Su","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Hu","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhu-Jun","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Zhen","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"848_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S310","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa469","volume":"224","author":"MD Decker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Decker MD, Edwards KM. Pertussis (whooping cough). J Infect Dis. 2021;224:S310\u201320.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000160914.59160.41","volume":"24","author":"AM Wendelboe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wendelboe AM, Van Rie A, Salmaso S, Englund JA. Duration of immunity against pertussis after natural infection or vaccination. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005;24:S58-61.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"848_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2706.203850","volume":"27","author":"L Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma L, Caulfield A, Dewan KK, Harvill ET. Pertactin-deficient Bordetella pertussis, vaccine-driven evolution, and reemergence of pertussis. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021;27:1561\u20136.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.901617","volume":"13","author":"X Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu X, Du Q, Li D, Yuan L, Meng Q, Fu Z, et al. A cross-sectional study revealing the emergence of erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis carrying ptxP3 alleles in China. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:901617.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"848_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106140","volume":"88","author":"G Mengyang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mengyang G, Yahong H, Qinghong M, Wei S, Kaihu Y. Resurgence and atypical patterns of pertussis in China. J Infect. 2024;88:106140.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"848_CR6","unstructured":"National Disease Control and Prevention Administration. http:\/\/ www.ndcpa.gov.cn\/. Accessed July 31, 2024."},{"key":"848_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106170","volume":"88","author":"Y Hu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hu Y, Guo M, Yao K. Infections in preschool and school-aged children are driving the recent rise in pertussis in China. J Infect. 2024;88:106170.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"848_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E260","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12161","volume":"19","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Li M, Wang L, Xin T, He Q. High-resolution melting analysis for the detection of two erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis strains carried by healthy schoolchildren in China. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2013;19:E260\u20132.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"848_CR9","first-page":"807","volume":"43","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"1994","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis\u2013Yuma County, Arizona, May-October 1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1994;43:807\u201310.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"848_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1806.120091","volume":"18","author":"S Guillot","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guillot S, Descours G, Gillet Y, Etienne J, Floret D, Guiso N. Macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis infection in newborn girl. France Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18:966\u20138.","journal-title":"France Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106174","volume":"88","author":"W Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shi W, Meng Q, Hu Y, Yao K. Modifying antibiotic treatment strategies in the face of pertussis surge associated with erythromycin resistance in China. J Infect. 2024;88:106174.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"848_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3001.221588","volume":"30","author":"P Fu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fu P, Zhou J, Yang C, Nijiati Y, Zhou L, Yan G, et al. Molecular Evolution and Increasing Macrolide Resistance of Bordetella pertussis, Shanghai, China, 2016\u20132022. Emerg Infect Dis. 2023;30:29\u201338.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ftv073","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftv073","volume":"73","author":"NH Carbonetti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Carbonetti NH. Contribution of pertussis toxin to the pathogenesis of pertussis disease. Pathog Dis. 2015;73:ftv073.","journal-title":"Pathog Dis"},{"key":"848_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01806-22","volume":"11","author":"C Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li C, Huang C, Zhang R, Wang H, Tian S, Tang YW, et al. Evaluation of BioFire Respiratory Panel 2 plus for Detection of Bordetella pertussis in Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens from Children with Clinically Suspected pertussis. Microbiol Spectr. 2023;11:e0180622.","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"848_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.04.014","volume":"52","author":"M Tr\u00f8seid","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tr\u00f8seid M, Jonassen T, Steinbakk M. Isolation of Bordetella pertussis in blood culture from a patient with multiple myeloma. J Infect. 2006;52:e11\u20133.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"848_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.11.2851-2853.1994","volume":"32","author":"WM Janda","year":"1994","unstructured":"Janda WM, Santos E, Stevens J, Celig D, Terrile L, Schreckenberger PC. Unexpected isolation of Bordetella pertussis from a blood culture. J Clin Microbiol. 1994;32:2851\u20133.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"848_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300060522112196","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221121965","volume":"50","author":"SC Chien","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chien SC, Chien SC, Su YJ. A fatal case of chlorfenapyr poisoning and a review of the literature. J Int Med Res. 2022;50:3000605221121965.","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"848_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofac478","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac478","volume":"9","author":"Y Liao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liao Y, Li WR, Zhu Y, Luo SH, Liao Q, Wan CM. Invasive Bordetella pertussis Infection in Infants: A Case Report. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022;9:ofac478.","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR19","first-page":"713","volume":"21","author":"J Jia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jia J, Yuan L, Gao W, Yao KH. Complications of pertussis. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2019;21:713\u20137.","journal-title":"Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"848_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-019-00308-5","volume":"16","author":"JS Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang JS, Wang HM, Yao KH, Liu Y, Lei YL, Deng JK, et al. Clinical characteristics, molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of pertussis among children in southern China. World J Pediatr. 2020;16:185\u201392.","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"848_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.029","volume":"18","author":"CZ Hua","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hua CZ, Wang HJ, Zhang Z, Tao XF, Li JP, Mi YM, et al. In vitro activity and clinical efficacy of macrolides, cefoperazone\u2013sulbactam and piperacillin\/piperacillin-tazobactam against Bordetella pertussis and the clinical manifestations in pertussis patients due to these isolates: a single-center study in Zhejiang Province. China J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019;18:47\u201351.","journal-title":"China J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"848_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.13340","volume":"43","author":"R Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang R, Wang H, Li C, Chen Y, Xu G, Deng J. Utility of cleaved lymphocytes from peripheral blood smear in the diagnosis of pertussis. Int J Lab Hematol. 2021;43:e26\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"key":"848_CR23","first-page":"1","volume":"54","author":"T Tiwari","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tiwari T, Murphy TV, Moran J. Recommended antimicrobial agents for the treatment and postexposure prophylaxis of pertussis: 2005 CDC Guidelines. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2005;54:1\u201316.","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"848_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ472","volume":"61","author":"K Winter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Winter K, Zipprich J, Harriman K, Murray EL, Gornbein J, Hammer SJ, et al. Risk factors associated with infant deaths from pertussis: a case-control study. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61:1099\u2013106.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000577","volume":"34","author":"H Marshall","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marshall H, Clarke M, Rasiah K, Richmond P, Buttery J, Reynolds G, et al. Predictors of disease severity in children hospitalized for pertussis during an epidemic. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015;34:339\u201345.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"848_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31818c9032","volume":"28","author":"DL Haberling","year":"2009","unstructured":"Haberling DL, Holman RC, Paddock CD, Murphy TV. Infant and maternal risk factors for pertussis-related infant mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2004. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009;28:194\u20138.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"848_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.09.085","volume":"35","author":"CY Chong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chong CY, Yung CF, Tan NW, Acharyya S, Thoon KC. Risk factors for ICU or high dependency requirements among hospitalized pediatric pertussis cases: a 10 year retrospective series. Singapore Vaccine. 2017;35:6422\u20138.","journal-title":"Singapore Vaccine"},{"key":"848_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e31828a70fe","volume":"14","author":"JT Berger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berger JT, Carcillo JA, Shanley TP, Wessel DL, Clark A, Holubkov R, et al. Critical pertussis illness in children: a multicenter prospective cohort study. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2013;14:356\u201365.","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"848_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2019.1581065","volume":"18","author":"JD Cherry","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cherry JD. The prevention of severe pertussis and pertussis deaths in young infants. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019;18:205\u20138.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"848_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy889","volume":"69","author":"SA Mbayei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mbayei SA, Faulkner A, Miner C, Edge K, Cruz V, Pe\u00f1a SA, et al. Severe Pertussis Infections in the United States, 2011\u20132015. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;69:218\u201326.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1086\/589753","volume":"47","author":"CD Paddock","year":"2008","unstructured":"Paddock CD, Sanden GN, Cherry JD, Gal AA, Langston C, Tatti KM, et al. Pathology and pathogenesis of fatal Bordetella pertussis infection in infants. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47:328\u201338.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR32","first-page":"443","volume":"38","author":"CZXY Hua","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hua CZXY, Zhou MM. Clinical Features and antimicrobial resistance analysis of childhood infection with Bordetella parapertussis. Chin J Infect Dis. 2020;38:443\u20136.","journal-title":"Chin J Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR33","unstructured":"Subspecialty Group of Infectious Diseases, the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association; Editorial Board, Chinese Journal of Pediatrics. Recommendation for diagnosis and treatment of Chinese children with pertussis. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2017;55:568\u201372"},{"key":"848_CR34","unstructured":"National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China. Diagnosis and treatment plan for pertussis (2023 edition). Inter J Epidemiol Infect Dis. 2024;51:1-3"},{"key":"848_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002911","volume":"40","author":"YM Mi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mi YM, Hua CZ, Fang C, Liu JJ, Xie YP, Lin LN, et al. Effect of Macrolides and \u03b2-lactams on Clearance of Bordetella pertussis in the Nasopharynx in Children With Whooping Cough. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021;40:87\u201390.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"848_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2512.181836","volume":"25","author":"L Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li L, Deng J, Ma X, Zhou K, Meng Q, Yuan L, et al. High Prevalence of Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis and ptxP1 Genotype, Mainland China, 2014\u20132016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019;25:2205\u201314.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"848_CR37","unstructured":"Pediatric Infection Group, Chinese Society of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Medical Association, Infection Group, Pediatric Expert Committee of National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education, China Clinical Practice Guidelines Alliance Methodology Committee, et al. Guidelines for diagnosis and management and prevention of pertussis of China (2024 edition). Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2024;104:1258\u201379"},{"key":"848_CR38","unstructured":"National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children (2023 edition).Inter J Epidemiol Infect Dis 2023,50:79-85"},{"key":"848_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2020.1831916","volume":"19","author":"K Yao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yao K, Deng J, Ma X, Dai W, Chen Q, Zhou K, et al. The epidemic of erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis with limited genome variation associated with pertussis resurgence in China. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2020;19:1093\u20139.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"848_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.976796","volume":"10","author":"LN Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin LN, Zhou JS, Hua CZ, Bai GN, Mi YM, Zhou MM. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pertussis in children and their close contacts in households: a cross-sectional survey in Zhejiang Province. China Front Pediatr. 2022;10:976796.","journal-title":"China Front Pediatr"},{"key":"848_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001710","volume":"37","author":"JD Cherry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cherry JD, Wendorf K, Bregman B, Lehman D, Nieves D, Bradley JS, et al. An observational study of severe pertussis in 100 infants \u2264120 days of age. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018;37:202\u20135.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"848_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-019-1229-2","volume":"21","author":"JE Ezekian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ezekian JE, Hill KD. Management of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the pediatric patient. curr Cardiol Rep. 2019;21:162.","journal-title":"curr Cardiol Rep"},{"key":"848_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70255-X","volume":"129","author":"ES Barefield","year":"1996","unstructured":"Barefield ES, Karle VA, Phillips JB 3rd, Carlo WA. Inhaled nitric oxide in term infants with hypoxemic respiratory failure. J Pediatr. 1996;129:279\u201386.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"848_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1159\/000097123","volume":"91","author":"D Field","year":"2007","unstructured":"Field D, Elbourne D, Hardy P, Fenton AC, Ahluwalia J, Halliday HL, et al. Neonatal ventilation with inhaled nitric oxide vs. ventilatory support without inhaled nitric oxide for infants with severe respiratory failure born at or near term: the INNOVO multicenter randomized controlled trial. Neonatology. 2007;91:73\u201382.","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"848_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.2.231","volume":"104","author":"D Davidson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Davidson D, Barefield ES, Kattwinkel J, Dudell G, Damask M, Straube R, et al. Safety of withdrawing inhaled nitric oxide therapy in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Pediatrics. 1999;104:231\u20136.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"848_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000001454","volume":"19","author":"M Domico","year":"2018","unstructured":"Domico M, Ridout D, MacLaren G, Barbaro R, Annich G, Schlapbach LJ, et al. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for pertussis: Predictors of Outcome Including Pulmonary Hypertension and Leukodepletion. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018;19:254\u201361.","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"848_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.10351","volume":"36","author":"S Pooboni","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pooboni S, Roberts N, Westrope C, Jenkins DR, Killer H, Pandya HC, et al. Extracorporeal life support in pertussis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2003;36:310\u20135.","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"848_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e471","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000002723","volume":"22","author":"TA Tuan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tuan TA, Xoay TD, Nakajima N, Nakagawa S, Phuc PH, Hung DV, et al. pertussis Infants Needing Mechanical Ventilation and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Single-Center Retrospective Series in Vietnam. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021;22:e471\u20139.","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"848_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics. Pertussis(whooping cough).  In: Kimberlin DW, Barnett ED, Lynfield R, Sawyer MH, eds. Red Book: 2021 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. Itasca, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2021: 578\u201389.","DOI":"10.1542\/9781610025225-part03-ch102"},{"key":"848_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.01.008","volume":"33","author":"S Ohfuji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ayman C, Hossein Z, Thomas S, Jason KHL, Antigona T, Denis M, et al. Acellular pertussis vaccines effectiveness over time: A systematic review, meta-analysis and modeling study. PLoS ONE, 2018;13:e0197970.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"848_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-024-00821-2","volume":"20","author":"CZHH Hua","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hua CZ, He HQ, Shu Q. Resurgence of pertussis: reasons and coping strategies. World J Pediatr. 2024;20:639\u201342.","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12519-024-00848-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12519-024-00848-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12519-024-00848-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T07:46:17Z","timestamp":1733903177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12519-024-00848-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["848"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12519-024-00848-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1708-8569","1867-0687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1708-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1867-0687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 November 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No financial or non-financial benefits have been received or will be received from any party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. BGN is a youth editor of World Journal of Pediatrics. The paper was handled by other editor and undergone rigorous peer-review process. Author BGN was not involved in the journal\u2019s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}