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Pre-, intra-, and post-operative characteristics were described and compared between children aged 2\u201311\u00a0years and 12\u201317\u00a0years and between pLTX conducted in centers with high and low transplant volumes. The Kaplan\u2012Meier method was used to estimate the postoperative survival rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). One-year postoperative survival rates were compared between pediatric and adult lung transplant (LTX) patients via log-rank tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Between 2019 and 2023, 63 transplants were performed in 62 pediatric patients, accounting for 1.8% of the total LTX in China. The primary indication for pLTX was bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (46.0%), followed by cystic fibrosis (12.7%) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (11.1%). Infection was the most common complication after pLTX (63.9%), and the incidence of bronchial anastomotic stenosis was slightly higher among recipients aged 2\u201311\u00a0years than among those aged 12\u201317\u00a0years (14.3% vs. 2.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.244). High-volume hospitals had a higher incidence of infections (72.7% vs. 41.2%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.021) and primary graft failure (20.0% vs. 5.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.260) among pediatric recipients. However, acute rejection was exclusively observed in low-volume hospitals (0.0% vs. 17.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.018). The in-hospital mortality rate was 16.1% (95% CI\u00a0= 6.7\u201325.5). The 30-day and one-year survival rates after pLTX were 93.5% (95% CI\u00a0= 87.6\u201399.9) and 80.6% (95% CI\u00a0= 71.4\u201391.1), respectively, and were significantly higher than those of adult recipients (82.0% and 58.7%, all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This research identified the trends, indications, donor and recipient characteristics, and complications of pLTX in China. Despite its small size, pLTX is growing gradually and has favorable outcomes. Future research on the long-term follow-up of pLTX recipients is needed to identify factors associated with the prognosis of pLTX patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-025-00916-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T11:42:32Z","timestamp":1748950952000},"page":"597-612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pediatric lung transplantation in China, 2019\u20132023"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xiao-Shan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Gao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Xiao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jie","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"916_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2021.07.021","volume":"40","author":"DC Chambers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chambers DC, Perch M, Zuckermann A, Cherikh WS, Harhay MO, Hayes D Jr, et al. 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