{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:45:20Z","timestamp":1792586720959,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["U23A20170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U23A20170"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation","award":["82071493"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071493"]}]},{"name":"the Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["SQ2022RA2C000254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SQ2022RA2C000254"]}]},{"name":"the Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2021ZD0204200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZD0204200"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012472","name":"Education and Scientific Research Project of Shanghai","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022you1-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022you1-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012472","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020CXJQ01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020CXJQ01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022XD056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022XD056"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal High-level Local University Construction Innovative Team","award":["SHSMU-ZDCX20211900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHSMU-ZDCX20211900"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal High-level Local University Construction Innovative Team","award":["SHSMU-ZDCX20211100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHSMU-ZDCX20211100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Pediatr"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-026-01088-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:16:42Z","timestamp":1792585002000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early maternal depressive symptoms and child developmental outcomes at six years old: a prospective birth cohort study in a low-risk population"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Yi-Ding","family":"Gui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang-Hai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jiao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Ning","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie-Qiong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Lun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-Chen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhang-Sheng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0634-101X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1088_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31390-3","volume":"389","author":"PR Britto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Britto PR, Lye SJ, Proulx K, Yousafzai AK, Matthews SG, Vaivada T, et al. Nurturing care: promoting early childhood development. Lancet. 2017;389:91\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31390-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1088_CR2","volume-title":"Nurturing care for early childhood development: a framework for helping children survive and thrive to transform health and human potential","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018","unstructured":"World Health Organization, United Nations Children\u2019s Fund, World Bank Group. Nurturing care for early childhood development: a framework for helping children survive and thrive to transform health and human potential. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018."},{"key":"1088_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01663-6","volume":"11","author":"Z Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Z, Liu J, Shuai H, Cai Z, Fu X, Liu Y, et al. Mapping global prevalence of depression among postpartum women. Transl Psychiatry. 2021;11:543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-021-01663-6.","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-020-01556-x","volume":"29","author":"D Fatori","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fatori D, Zuccolo PF, Polanczyk GV. A global challenge: maternal depression and offspring mental disorders. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020;29:569\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-020-01556-x.","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20200794","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-0794","volume":"146","author":"E Wall-Wieler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wall-Wieler E, Roos LL, Gotlib IH. Maternal depression in early childhood and developmental vulnerability at school entry. Pediatrics. 2020;146:e20200794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2020-0794.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"1088_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-019-01381-x","volume":"29","author":"AJ Pires","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pires AJ, de Matos MB, Scholl CC, Trettim JP, Coelho FT, da Cunha Coelho FM, et al. Prevalence of mental health problems in preschoolers and the impact of maternal depression. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020;29:605\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-019-01381-x.","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.2910","volume":"174","author":"A Rogers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rogers A, Obst S, Teague SJ, Rossen L, Spry EA, MacDonald JA, et al. Association between maternal perinatal depression and anxiety and child and adolescent development: a meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174:1082\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.2910.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"1088_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(14)61277-0","volume":"384","author":"A Stein","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stein A, Pearson RM, Goodman SH, Rapa E, Rahman A, McCallum M, et al. Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child. Lancet. 2014;384:1800\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(14)61277-0.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1088_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/s2215-0366(14)00055-8","volume":"2","author":"Postpartum Depression: Action Towards Causes and Treatment (PACT) Consortium","year":"2015","unstructured":"Postpartum Depression: Action Towards Causes and Treatment (PACT) Consortium. Heterogeneity of postpartum depression: a latent class analysis. Lancet Psychiatry. 2015;2:59\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2215-0366(14)00055-8.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001540","volume":"59","author":"DE Choe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Choe DE, Deer LK, Hastings PD. Latent class analysis of maternal depression from pregnancy through early childhood: differences in children\u2019s executive functions. Dev Psychol. 2023;59:1452\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/dev0001540.","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"1088_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.21311","volume":"330","author":"TA Moore Simas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moore Simas TA, Whelan A, Byatt N. Postpartum depression-new screening recommendations and treatments. JAMA. 2023;330:2295\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2023.21311.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1088_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-078636","volume":"386","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Wang H, Wu S, Xiao Y, Jiang F. Empowering new mothers in China: role of paediatric care in screening and management of postpartum depression. BMJ. 2024;386:e078636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2023-078636.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1088_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0629-1","volume":"19","author":"L Underwood","year":"2016","unstructured":"Underwood L, Waldie K, D\u2019Souza S, Peterson ER, Morton S. A review of longitudinal studies on antenatal and postnatal depression. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2016;19:711\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00737-016-0629-1.","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"1088_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2013.02.006","volume":"26","author":"V Schmied","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schmied V, Johnson M, Naidoo N, Austin MP, Matthey S, Kemp L, et al. Maternal mental health in Australia and New Zealand: a review of longitudinal studies. Women Birth. 2013;26:167\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wombi.2013.02.006.","journal-title":"Women Birth"},{"key":"1088_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2018.08.001","volume":"104","author":"S Shorey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shorey S, Chee CYI, Ng ED, Chan YH, Tam WWS, Chong YS. Prevalence and incidence of postpartum depression among healthy mothers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res. 2018;104:235\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2018.08.001.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"1088_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12738","volume":"35","author":"J Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin J, Sun W, Song Y, Dong S, Lin Q, Deng Y, et al. Cohort profile: the Shanghai sleep birth cohort study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2021;35:257\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppe.12738.","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"1088_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","volume":"1","author":"LS Radloff","year":"1977","unstructured":"Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977;1:385\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/014662167700100306.","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Meas"},{"key":"1088_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.172.5.433","volume":"172","author":"DTS Lee","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lee DTS, Yip SK, Chiu HFK, Leung TYS, Chan KPM, Chau IOL, et al. Detecting postnatal depression in Chinese women: validation of the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry. 1998;172:433\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.172.5.433.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7489(01)00068-2","volume":"39","author":"KM Chen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chen KM, Snyder M, Krichbaum K. Translation and equivalence: the profile of mood states short form in English and Chinese. Int J Nurs Stud. 2002;39:619\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0020-7489(01)00068-2.","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"1088_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4022","volume":"371","author":"B Levis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Levis B, Negeri Z, Sun Y, Benedetti A, Thombs BD, DEPRESsion Screening Data DEPRESSD EPDS Group. Accuracy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for screening to detect major depression among pregnant and postpartum women: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. BMJ. 2020;371:m4022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m4022.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1088_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.01.039","volume":"212","author":"R Croce Nanni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Croce Nanni R, Troisi A. Maternal attachment style and psychiatric history as independent predictors of mood symptoms in the immediate postpartum period. J Affect Disord. 2017;212:73\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2017.01.039.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"1088_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00015","volume":"40","author":"R Goodman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Goodman R. Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:1337\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00015.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1753-2000-2-8","volume":"2","author":"Y Du","year":"2008","unstructured":"Du Y, Kou J, Coghill D. The validity, reliability and normative scores of the parent, teacher and self report versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in China. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2008;2:8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1753-2000-2-8.","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"},{"key":"1088_CR24","volume-title":"Wechsler intelligence scale for children\u2013fourth edition (WISC-IV) administration and scoring manual","author":"D Wechsler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wechsler D. Wechsler intelligence scale for children\u2013fourth edition (WISC-IV) administration and scoring manual. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 2003."},{"key":"1088_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaa213","volume":"50","author":"PWG Tennant","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tennant PWG, Murray EJ, Arnold KF, Berrie L, Fox MP, Gadd SC, et al. Use of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to identify confounders in applied health research: review and recommendations. Int J Epidemiol. 2021;50:620\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyaa213.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1088_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674041318","volume-title":"Group-based modeling of development","author":"D Nagin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nagin D. Group-based modeling of development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; 2005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4159\/9780674041318."},{"key":"1088_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i02","volume":"45","author":"YS Su","year":"2011","unstructured":"Su YS, Gelman A, Hill J, Yajima M. Multiple imputation with diagnostics (mi) in R: opening windows into the black box. J Stat Softw. 2011;45:1\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v045.i02.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"1088_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025411417505","volume":"35","author":"M V\u00e4nsk\u00e4","year":"2011","unstructured":"V\u00e4nsk\u00e4 M, Punam\u00e4ki RL, Tolvanen A, Lindblom J, Flykt M, Unkila-Kallio L, et al. Maternal pre- and postnatal mental health trajectories and child mental health and development: prospective study in a normative and formerly infertile sample. Int J Behav Dev. 2011;35:517\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0165025411417505.","journal-title":"Int J Behav Dev"},{"key":"1088_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720002688","volume":"52","author":"MC Craig","year":"2022","unstructured":"Craig MC, Sethna V, Gudbrandsen M, Pariante CM, Seneviratne T, Stoencheva V, et al. Birth of the blues: emotional sound processing in infants exposed to prenatal maternal depression. Psychol Med. 2022;52:2017\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291720002688.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1088_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.06.012","volume":"17","author":"N Tottenham","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tottenham N, Gabard-Durnam LJ. The developing amygdala: a student of the world and a teacher of the cortex. Curr Opin Psychol. 2017;17:55\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.06.012.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"key":"1088_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.01.024","volume":"60","author":"MS Gaffrey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gaffrey MS, Barch DM, Luby JL, Petersen SE. Amygdala functional connectivity is associated with emotion regulation and amygdala reactivity in 4- to 6-year-olds. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2021;60:176\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.01.024.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0095-y","volume":"5","author":"G Fairchild","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fairchild G, Hawes DJ, Frick PJ, Copeland WE, Odgers CL, Franke B, et al. Conduct disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019;5:43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-019-0095-y.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1088_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11060721","volume":"11","author":"RJ Boag","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boag RJ, Stevenson N, van Dooren R, Trutti AC, Sjoerds Z, Forstmann BU. Cognitive control of working memory: a model-based approach. Brain Sci. 2021;11:721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci11060721.","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"1088_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073910387943","volume":"3","author":"MK Rothbart","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rothbart MK, Sheese BE, Rueda MR, Posner MI. Developing mechanisms of self-regulation in early life. Emot Rev. 2011;3:207\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1754073910387943.","journal-title":"Emot Rev"},{"key":"1088_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12562","volume":"57","author":"ML Woody","year":"2016","unstructured":"Woody ML, Feurer C, Sosoo EE, Hastings PD, Gibb BE. Synchrony of physiological activity during mother-child interaction: moderation by maternal history of major depressive disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2016;57:843\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12562.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.08.010","volume":"4","author":"AP Salzwedel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Salzwedel AP, Stephens RL, Goldman BD, Lin W, Gilmore JH, Gao W. Development of amygdala functional connectivity during infancy and its relationship with 4-year behavioral outcomes. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2019;4:62\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.08.010.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1088_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"II11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-004-2003-5","volume":"13","author":"A Becker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Becker A, Woerner W, Hasselhorn M, Banaschewski T, Rothenberger A. Validation of the parent and teacher SDQ in a clinical sample. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;13 Suppl 2:II11\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-004-2003-5.","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1088_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-3259","volume":"143","author":"MF Earls","year":"2019","unstructured":"Earls MF, Yogman MW, Mattson G, Rafferty J, Committee on psychosocial aspects of child and family health. Incorporating recognition and management of perinatal depression into pediatric practice. Pediatrics. 2019;143:e20183259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2018-3259.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12519-026-01088-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12519-026-01088-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12519-026-01088-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:16:44Z","timestamp":1792585004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12519-026-01088-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["1088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12519-026-01088-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1708-8569","1867-0687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1708-8569","type":"print"},{"value":"1867-0687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"No financial or non-financial benefits have been received or will be received from any party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. Author Fan Jiang is a member of the Editorial Board of\n                      World Journal of Pediatrics\n                      . This manuscript was handled by another Editor and underwent a rigorous peer-review process. The author was not involved in the peer review or editorial decision for this manuscript.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was reviewed and approved by Shanghai Children\u2019s Medical Center Human Ethics Committee (SCMCIRB-2012033). All mothers provided written informed consent for themselves and their children.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}