{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T21:46:40Z","timestamp":1770155200097,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,11]],"date-time":"2009-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1244678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Medicine &amp; Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to validate and determine the possible application of transcervical insemination of frozen semen for improved breeding in guide dogs for the blind in Japan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From February 2004 to March 2007, a total of 53 Labrador Retriever bitches, used for the breeding of guide dogs for the blind, were transcervically inseminated with frozen\u2010thawed semen from 13 males by means of a cystoscope.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall whelping and pregnancy rate with the frozen semen was 42%. Pregnancy rates ranged widely from 0 to 100% depending on the semen donor male. Of 13 males, 6 males exhibited severely poor fertility (less than 20% pregnancy rate) and 3 males exhibited high fertility (over 70% pregnancy rate) on artificial insemination. However, the spermatozoa motility after thawing was not significantly different among these dogs. In addition, heterospermic insemination revealed the optimal timing for transcervical insemination with frozen\u2010thawed semen to be by day 6 after the LH surge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although transcervical insemination of frozen\u2010thawed semen is effective for breeding of guide dogs for the blind, some modification of freeze\u2010thawing procedures might be required to overcome individual fertility differences in the frozen\u2010thawed spermatozoa among semen donor dogs,. In addition, the motility of spermatozoa after thawing might not be an appropriate indicator of the relative fertility of frozen\u2010thawed spermatozoa in dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12522-009-0019-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,10]],"date-time":"2009-06-10T06:56:58Z","timestamp":1244617018000},"page":"125-129","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Individual fertility differences in the frozen\u2010thawed spermatozoa among semen donors in the Labrador Retriever"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Suwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hokkaido Guide Dogs for the Blind Association  S30 W8, Minami\u2010ku 005\u20100030 Sapporo Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine  Inada\u2010cho 080\u20108555 Obihiro Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Soo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine  Inada\u2010cho 080\u20108555 Obihiro Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiko Yanagimoto","family":"Ueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine  Inada\u2010cho 080\u20108555 Obihiro Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine  Inada\u2010cho 080\u20108555 Obihiro Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/446119a"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","unstructured":"Johnston SD Kustritz MVR Olson PS. Canine pregnancy. In: Canine and feline theriogenology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2001. p. 66\u2013104."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Successful pregnancies utilizing frozen dog semen","volume":"17","author":"Seager SW","year":"1969","journal-title":"Artif Insem Dig"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(01)50206-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","unstructured":"Johnston SD Kustritz MVR Olson PS. Breeding management and artificial insemination of the bitch. In: Canine and feline theriogenology. 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